1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4080
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
4086
4087
4088
4089
4090
4091
4092
4093
4094
4095
4096
4097
4098
4099
4100
4101
4102
4103
4104
4105
4106
4107
4108
4109
4110
4111
4112
4113
4114
4115
4116
4117
4118
4119
4120
4121
4122
4123
4124
4125
4126
4127
4128
4129
4130
4131
4132
4133
4134
4135
4136
4137
4138
4139
4140
4141
4142
4143
4144
4145
4146
4147
4148
4149
4150
4151
4152
4153
4154
4155
4156
4157
4158
4159
4160
4161
4162
4163
4164
4165
4166
4167
4168
4169
4170
4171
4172
4173
4174
4175
4176
4177
4178
4179
4180
4181
4182
4183
4184
4185
4186
4187
4188
4189
4190
4191
4192
4193
4194
4195
4196
4197
4198
4199
4200
4201
4202
4203
4204
4205
4206
4207
4208
4209
4210
4211
4212
4213
4214
4215
4216
4217
4218
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
4228
4229
4230
4231
4232
4233
4234
4235
4236
4237
4238
4239
4240
4241
4242
4243
4244
4245
4246
4247
4248
4249
4250
4251
4252
4253
4254
4255
4256
4257
4258
4259
4260
4261
4262
4263
4264
4265
4266
4267
4268
4269
4270
4271
4272
4273
4274
4275
4276
4277
4278
4279
4280
4281
4282
4283
4284
4285
4286
4287
4288
4289
4290
4291
4292
4293
4294
4295
4296
4297
4298
4299
4300
4301
4302
4303
4304
4305
4306
4307
4308
4309
4310
4311
4312
4313
4314
4315
4316
4317
4318
4319
4320
4321
4322
4323
4324
4325
4326
4327
4328
4329
4330
4331
4332
4333
4334
4335
4336
4337
4338
4339
4340
4341
4342
4343
4344
4345
4346
4347
4348
4349
4350
4351
4352
4353
4354
4355
4356
4357
4358
4359
4360
4361
4362
4363
4364
4365
4366
4367
4368
4369
4370
4371
4372
4373
4374
4375
4376
4377
4378
4379
4380
4381
4382
4383
4384
4385
4386
4387
4388
4389
4390
4391
4392
4393
4394
4395
4396
4397
4398
4399
4400
4401
4402
4403
4404
4405
4406
4407
4408
4409
4410
4411
4412
4413
4414
4415
4416
4417
4418
4419
4420
4421
4422
4423
4424
4425
4426
4427
4428
4429
4430
4431
4432
4433
4434
4435
4436
4437
4438
4439
4440
4441
4442
4443
4444
4445
4446
4447
4448
4449
4450
4451
4452
4453
4454
4455
4456
4457
4458
4459
4460
4461
4462
4463
4464
4465
4466
4467
4468
4469
4470
4471
4472
4473
4474
4475
4476
4477
4478
4479
4480
4481
4482
4483
4484
4485
4486
4487
4488
4489
4490
4491
4492
4493
4494
4495
4496
4497
4498
4499
4500
4501
4502
4503
4504
4505
4506
4507
4508
4509
4510
4511
4512
4513
4514
4515
4516
4517
4518
4519
4520
4521
4522
4523
4524
4525
4526
4527
4528
4529
4530
4531
4532
4533
4534
4535
4536
4537
4538
4539
4540
4541
4542
4543
4544
4545
4546
4547
4548
4549
4550
4551
4552
4553
4554
4555
4556
4557
4558
4559
4560
4561
4562
4563
4564
4565
4566
4567
4568
4569
4570
4571
4572
4573
4574
4575
4576
4577
4578
4579
4580
4581
4582
4583
4584
4585
4586
4587
4588
4589
4590
4591
4592
4593
4594
4595
4596
4597
4598
4599
4600
4601
4602
4603
4604
4605
4606
4607
4608
4609
4610
4611
4612
4613
4614
4615
4616
4617
4618
4619
4620
4621
4622
4623
4624
4625
4626
4627
4628
4629
4630
4631
4632
4633
4634
4635
4636
4637
4638
4639
4640
4641
4642
4643
4644
4645
4646
4647
4648
4649
4650
4651
4652
4653
4654
4655
4656
4657
4658
4659
4660
4661
4662
4663
4664
4665
4666
4667
4668
4669
4670
4671
4672
4673
4674
4675
4676
4677
4678
4679
4680
4681
4682
4683
4684
4685
4686
4687
4688
4689
4690
4691
4692
4693
4694
4695
4696
4697
4698
4699
4700
4701
4702
4703
4704
4705
4706
4707
4708
4709
4710
4711
4712
4713
4714
4715
4716
4717
4718
4719
4720
4721
4722
4723
4724
4725
4726
4727
4728
4729
4730
4731
4732
4733
4734
4735
4736
4737
4738
4739
4740
4741
4742
4743
4744
4745
4746
4747
4748
4749
4750
4751
4752
4753
4754
4755
4756
4757
4758
4759
4760
4761
4762
4763
4764
4765
4766
4767
4768
4769
4770
4771
4772
4773
4774
4775
4776
4777
4778
4779
4780
4781
4782
4783
4784
4785
4786
4787
4788
4789
4790
4791
4792
4793
4794
4795
4796
4797
4798
4799
4800
4801
4802
4803
4804
4805
4806
4807
4808
4809
4810
4811
4812
4813
4814
4815
4816
4817
4818
4819
4820
4821
4822
4823
4824
4825
4826
4827
4828
4829
4830
4831
4832
4833
4834
4835
4836
4837
4838
4839
4840
4841
4842
4843
4844
4845
4846
4847
4848
4849
4850
4851
4852
4853
4854
4855
4856
4857
4858
4859
4860
4861
4862
4863
4864
4865
4866
4867
4868
4869
4870
4871
4872
4873
4874
4875
4876
4877
4878
4879
4880
4881
4882
4883
4884
4885
4886
4887
4888
4889
4890
4891
4892
4893
4894
4895
4896
4897
4898
4899
4900
4901
4902
4903
4904
4905
4906
4907
4908
4909
4910
4911
4912
4913
4914
4915
4916
4917
4918
4919
4920
4921
4922
4923
4924
4925
4926
4927
4928
4929
4930
4931
4932
4933
4934
4935
4936
4937
4938
4939
4940
4941
4942
4943
4944
4945
4946
4947
4948
4949
4950
4951
4952
4953
4954
4955
4956
4957
4958
4959
4960
4961
4962
4963
4964
4965
4966
4967
4968
4969
4970
4971
4972
4973
4974
4975
4976
4977
4978
4979
4980
4981
4982
4983
4984
4985
4986
4987
4988
4989
4990
4991
4992
4993
4994
4995
4996
4997
4998
4999
5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025
5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
5051
5052
5053
5054
5055
5056
5057
5058
5059
5060
5061
5062
5063
5064
5065
5066
5067
5068
5069
5070
5071
5072
5073
5074
5075
5076
5077
5078
5079
5080
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
5087
5088
5089
5090
5091
5092
5093
5094
5095
5096
5097
5098
5099
5100
5101
5102
5103
5104
5105
5106
5107
5108
5109
5110
5111
5112
5113
5114
5115
5116
5117
5118
5119
5120
5121
5122
5123
5124
5125
5126
5127
5128
5129
5130
5131
5132
5133
5134
5135
5136
5137
5138
5139
5140
5141
5142
5143
5144
5145
5146
5147
5148
5149
5150
5151
5152
5153
5154
5155
5156
5157
5158
5159
5160
5161
5162
5163
5164
5165
5166
5167
5168
5169
5170
5171
5172
5173
5174
5175
5176
5177
5178
5179
5180
5181
5182
5183
5184
5185
5186
5187
5188
5189
5190
5191
5192
5193
5194
5195
5196
5197
5198
5199
5200
5201
5202
5203
5204
5205
5206
5207
5208
5209
5210
5211
5212
5213
5214
5215
5216
5217
5218
5219
5220
5221
5222
5223
5224
5225
5226
5227
5228
5229
5230
5231
5232
5233
5234
5235
5236
5237
5238
5239
5240
5241
5242
5243
5244
5245
5246
5247
5248
5249
5250
5251
5252
5253
5254
5255
5256
5257
5258
5259
5260
5261
5262
5263
5264
5265
5266
5267
5268
5269
5270
5271
5272
5273
5274
5275
5276
5277
5278
5279
5280
5281
5282
5283
5284
5285
5286
5287
5288
5289
5290
5291
5292
5293
5294
5295
5296
5297
5298
5299
5300
5301
5302
5303
5304
5305
5306
5307
5308
5309
5310
5311
5312
5313
5314
5315
5316
5317
5318
5319
5320
5321
5322
5323
5324
5325
5326
5327
5328
5329
5330
5331
5332
5333
5334
5335
5336
5337
5338
5339
5340
5341
5342
5343
5344
5345
5346
5347
5348
5349
5350
5351
5352
5353
5354
5355
5356
5357
5358
5359
5360
5361
5362
5363
5364
5365
5366
5367
5368
5369
5370
5371
5372
5373
5374
5375
5376
5377
5378
5379
5380
5381
5382
5383
5384
5385
5386
5387
5388
5389
5390
5391
5392
5393
5394
5395
5396
5397
5398
5399
5400
5401
5402
5403
5404
5405
5406
5407
5408
5409
5410
5411
5412
5413
5414
5415
5416
5417
5418
5419
5420
5421
5422
5423
5424
5425
5426
5427
5428
5429
5430
5431
5432
5433
5434
5435
5436
5437
5438
5439
5440
5441
5442
5443
5444
5445
5446
5447
5448
5449
5450
5451
5452
5453
5454
5455
5456
5457
5458
5459
5460
5461
5462
5463
5464
5465
5466
5467
5468
5469
5470
5471
5472
5473
5474
5475
5476
5477
5478
5479
5480
5481
5482
5483
5484
5485
5486
5487
5488
5489
5490
5491
5492
5493
5494
5495
5496
5497
5498
5499
5500
5501
5502
5503
5504
5505
5506
5507
5508
5509
5510
5511
5512
5513
5514
5515
5516
|
%!PS-Adobe-2.0
%%Creator: dvipsk 5.58f Copyright 1986, 1994 Radical Eye Software
%%Title: ld-2.9.1/dvi/ld.dvi
%%Pages: 66
%%PageOrder: Ascend
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 596 842
%%EndComments
%DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -o ld-2.9.1/ps/ld.ps ld-2.9.1/dvi/ld.dvi
%DVIPSParameters: dpi=300, compressed, comments removed
%DVIPSSource: TeX output 1998.11.07:1550
%%BeginProcSet: texc.pro
/TeXDict 250 dict def TeXDict begin /N{def}def /B{bind def}N /S{exch}N
/X{S N}B /TR{translate}N /isls false N /vsize 11 72 mul N /hsize 8.5 72
mul N /landplus90{false}def /@rigin{isls{[0 landplus90{1 -1}{-1 1}
ifelse 0 0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale
isls{landplus90{VResolution 72 div vsize mul 0 exch}{Resolution -72 div
hsize mul 0}ifelse TR}if Resolution VResolution vsize -72 div 1 add mul
TR[matrix currentmatrix{dup dup round sub abs 0.00001 lt{round}if}
forall round exch round exch]setmatrix}N /@landscape{/isls true N}B
/@manualfeed{statusdict /manualfeed true put}B /@copies{/#copies X}B
/FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N /FBB[0 0 0 0]N /nn 0 N /IE 0 N /ctr 0 N /df-tail{
/nn 8 dict N nn begin /FontType 3 N /FontMatrix fntrx N /FontBBox FBB N
string /base X array /BitMaps X /BuildChar{CharBuilder}N /Encoding IE N
end dup{/foo setfont}2 array copy cvx N load 0 nn put /ctr 0 N[}B /df{
/sf 1 N /fntrx FMat N df-tail}B /dfs{div /sf X /fntrx[sf 0 0 sf neg 0 0]
N df-tail}B /E{pop nn dup definefont setfont}B /ch-width{ch-data dup
length 5 sub get}B /ch-height{ch-data dup length 4 sub get}B /ch-xoff{
128 ch-data dup length 3 sub get sub}B /ch-yoff{ch-data dup length 2 sub
get 127 sub}B /ch-dx{ch-data dup length 1 sub get}B /ch-image{ch-data
dup type /stringtype ne{ctr get /ctr ctr 1 add N}if}B /id 0 N /rw 0 N
/rc 0 N /gp 0 N /cp 0 N /G 0 N /sf 0 N /CharBuilder{save 3 1 roll S dup
/base get 2 index get S /BitMaps get S get /ch-data X pop /ctr 0 N ch-dx
0 ch-xoff ch-yoff ch-height sub ch-xoff ch-width add ch-yoff
setcachedevice ch-width ch-height true[1 0 0 -1 -.1 ch-xoff sub ch-yoff
.1 sub]/id ch-image N /rw ch-width 7 add 8 idiv string N /rc 0 N /gp 0 N
/cp 0 N{rc 0 ne{rc 1 sub /rc X rw}{G}ifelse}imagemask restore}B /G{{id
gp get /gp gp 1 add N dup 18 mod S 18 idiv pl S get exec}loop}B /adv{cp
add /cp X}B /chg{rw cp id gp 4 index getinterval putinterval dup gp add
/gp X adv}B /nd{/cp 0 N rw exit}B /lsh{rw cp 2 copy get dup 0 eq{pop 1}{
dup 255 eq{pop 254}{dup dup add 255 and S 1 and or}ifelse}ifelse put 1
adv}B /rsh{rw cp 2 copy get dup 0 eq{pop 128}{dup 255 eq{pop 127}{dup 2
idiv S 128 and or}ifelse}ifelse put 1 adv}B /clr{rw cp 2 index string
putinterval adv}B /set{rw cp fillstr 0 4 index getinterval putinterval
adv}B /fillstr 18 string 0 1 17{2 copy 255 put pop}for N /pl[{adv 1 chg}
{adv 1 chg nd}{1 add chg}{1 add chg nd}{adv lsh}{adv lsh nd}{adv rsh}{
adv rsh nd}{1 add adv}{/rc X nd}{1 add set}{1 add clr}{adv 2 chg}{adv 2
chg nd}{pop nd}]dup{bind pop}forall N /D{/cc X dup type /stringtype ne{]
}if nn /base get cc ctr put nn /BitMaps get S ctr S sf 1 ne{dup dup
length 1 sub dup 2 index S get sf div put}if put /ctr ctr 1 add N}B /I{
cc 1 add D}B /bop{userdict /bop-hook known{bop-hook}if /SI save N @rigin
0 0 moveto /V matrix currentmatrix dup 1 get dup mul exch 0 get dup mul
add .99 lt{/QV}{/RV}ifelse load def pop pop}N /eop{SI restore userdict
/eop-hook known{eop-hook}if showpage}N /@start{userdict /start-hook
known{start-hook}if pop /VResolution X /Resolution X 1000 div /DVImag X
/IE 256 array N 0 1 255{IE S 1 string dup 0 3 index put cvn put}for
65781.76 div /vsize X 65781.76 div /hsize X}N /p{show}N /RMat[1 0 0 -1 0
0]N /BDot 260 string N /rulex 0 N /ruley 0 N /v{/ruley X /rulex X V}B /V
{}B /RV statusdict begin /product where{pop product dup length 7 ge{0 7
getinterval dup(Display)eq exch 0 4 getinterval(NeXT)eq or}{pop false}
ifelse}{false}ifelse end{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR 1 1 scale rulex ruley false
RMat{BDot}imagemask grestore}}{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR rulex ruley scale 1 1
false RMat{BDot}imagemask grestore}}ifelse B /QV{gsave newpath transform
round exch round exch itransform moveto rulex 0 rlineto 0 ruley neg
rlineto rulex neg 0 rlineto fill grestore}B /a{moveto}B /delta 0 N /tail
{dup /delta X 0 rmoveto}B /M{S p delta add tail}B /b{S p tail}B /c{-4 M}
B /d{-3 M}B /e{-2 M}B /f{-1 M}B /g{0 M}B /h{1 M}B /i{2 M}B /j{3 M}B /k{
4 M}B /w{0 rmoveto}B /l{p -4 w}B /m{p -3 w}B /n{p -2 w}B /o{p -1 w}B /q{
p 1 w}B /r{p 2 w}B /s{p 3 w}B /t{p 4 w}B /x{0 S rmoveto}B /y{3 2 roll p
a}B /bos{/SS save N}B /eos{SS restore}B end
%%EndProcSet
TeXDict begin 39158280 55380996 1000 300 300 (ld-2.9.1/dvi/ld.dvi)
@start /Fa 1 47 df<120EEA3F80127F12FFA31300127E123C0909798815>46
D E /Fb 3 118 df<3801F840380706C0EA0C01EA3800123000701340126000E01300A3
EB1FF0EB01C01260127012301238120CEA07023801FC4014137E9218>103
D<38FC07F0381E01C0381F00801217EA1380EA11C0A2EA10E0137013781338131C130EA2
1307130313011238EAFE0014137F9217>110 D<38FF87F0381C01C0EB0080AD380C0100
1206EA0306EA00F814137F9217>117 D E /Fc 1 59 df<126012F0A2126004047D830B>
58 D E /Fd 62 123 df<13FEEA038138060180EA0E03381C010090C7FCA5B51280EA1C
03AE38FF8FF0141A809915>12 D<90387E1F803901C17040390703C0600006EB80E0000E
14401500A5B612E0380E0380AE397F8FE3FC1E1A809920>14 D<1380EA010012025A120C
120812185AA35AA412E0AA1260A47EA37E1208120C12047E7EEA008009267D9B0F>40
D<7E12407E7E12181208120C7EA37EA41380AA1300A41206A35A1208121812105A5A5A09
267E9B0F>I<126012F0A212701210A31220A21240A2040B7D830B>44
D<EAFFC0A20A0280880D>I<130CA2131C1318A213381330A213701360A213E013C0A212
011380A2120313005A1206A2120E120CA2121C1218A212381230A212701260A212E05AA2
0E257E9B13>47 D<EA07E0EA1C38EA381CEA300CEA700EEA6006A2EAE007AAEA6006A2EA
700EEA300CEA381CEA1C38EA07E010187F9713>I<12035AB4FC1207B3A2EA7FF80D187D
9713>I<EA0F80EA1060EA2030EA4038EA803CEAC01C12E01240EA003C1338A213701360
13C0EA018013001202EA040412081210EA3008EA3FF8127F12FF0E187E9713>I<EA07E0
EA1838EA201CEA601EEA700EEA201E1200131CA213381370EA07E0EA0038131C130E130F
A212E0A212C0EA400EEA601CEA1838EA07E010187F9713>I<1318A21338137813F813B8
EA01381202A212041208121812101220124012C0B5FCEA0038A6EA03FF10187F9713>I<
EA3018EA3FF013E01380EA2000A5EA2FC0EA3060EA2030EA00381318131CA2124012E0A2
EA8018EA40381330EA30E0EA0F800E187E9713>I<EA01F8EA0704EA0C06EA180E123013
001270126012E0EAE3E0EAE418EAE80CEAF00EEAE0061307A31260A2EA7006EA300EEA18
0CEA0C38EA07E010187F9713>I<1240EA7FFF13FEA2EA4004EA80081310A2EA00201340
A21380120113005AA25A1206A2120EA5120410197E9813>I<EA07E0EA1818EA300CEA20
061260A21270EA780CEA3E18EA1F30EA07C0EA03E0EA0CF8EA307CEA601E130FEAC00713
03A3EA6002EA2004EA1818EA07E010187F9713>I<EA07E0EA1C30EA3018EA700CEA600E
EAE006A21307A31260EA700FEA3017EA1827EA07C7EA00071306130E130C12701318EA60
30EA3060EA0F8010187F9713>I<EA1FC0EA2060EA4030EAC03812E0A21200137013E0EA
018013005A1202A6C7FCA41206120FA212060D1A7E9912>63 D<130CA3131EA2132F1327
A2EB4380A3EB81C0A200017F1300A248B47E38020070A2487FA3487FA2003C131EB4EBFF
C01A1A7F991D>65 D<B51280380E00E014701438143CA514781470EB01E0380FFFC0380E
00F01478143C141C141EA4141C143C147814F0B512C0171A7F991B>I<EB3F023801C0C6
3803002E000E131E48130E14065A007813021270A200F01300A600701302A21278003813
047E14087E000313303801C0C038003F00171A7E991C>I<B57E380E00E01470808080A2
80A21580A81500A25C140E5CA2147814E0B51280191A7F991D>I<B512F8380E00381418
1408140C1404A3EB0100A35BEA0FFFEA0E037FA3EB0002A314061404A2140C143CB512FC
171A7F991A>I<B512F8380E003814181408140C1404A3EB0100A35BEA0FFFEA0E037FA3
90C7FCA8EAFFE0161A7F9919>I<EB3F023801C0C63803002E000E131E48130E14065A00
7813021270A200F090C7FCA5903801FFC03970000E00A2127812387EA27E000313163801
C06638003F821A1A7E991E>I<39FFE1FFC0390E001C00AB380FFFFC380E001CAC39FFE1
FFC01A1A7F991D>I<EAFF80EA1C00B3A6EAFF80091A7E990E>I<39FFE01FC0390E000F00
140C14085C5C5C495A0102C7FC5B130C131C132E1347EB8380EA0F03380E01C06D7EA214
7080A280141E141F39FFE07FC01A1A7F991E>75 D<EAFFE0000EC7FCB01408A314181410
1430147014F0B5FC151A7F9918>I<B414FF000F14F0A2390B800170A23809C002A33808
E004A2EB7008A3EB3810A3EB1C20A2EB0E40A3EB0780A2EB0300121C39FF8307FF201A7F
9923>I<00FEEB7FC0000FEB0E001404EA0B80EA09C0A2EA08E01370A21338131CA2130E
1307EB0384A2EB01C4EB00E4A21474143CA2141C140C121C38FF80041A1A7F991D>I<13
7F3801C1C038070070000E7F487F003C131E0038130E0078130F00707F00F01480A80078
EB0F00A20038130E003C131E001C131C6C5B6C5B3801C1C0D8007FC7FC191A7E991E>I<
B51280380E01E0EB007014781438143CA4143814781470EB01E0380FFF80000EC7FCABEA
FFE0161A7F991A>I<B5FC380E01C0EB0070147880A55C1470EB01C0D80FFFC7FC380E03
80EB00C0801470A31478A31540143CEC1C8039FFE00F001A1A7F991C>82
D<EA0FC2EA1836EA200EEA600612C01302A3EAE0001270127EEA3FE0EA1FF8EA03FCEA00
7E130E130713031280A3EAC0021306EAE004EAD818EA87E0101A7E9915>I<39FFE07FC0
390E000E001404B200065B12076C5B6C6C5A3800E0C0013FC7FC1A1A7F991D>85
D<EA1FC0EA38707FEA101C1200A2EA03FCEA1E1C1238127012E01480A2133CEA705F381F
8F0011107F8F13>97 D<12FC121CA913FCEA1D07381E0380381C01C0130014E0A6EB01C0
1480381E0300EA1906EA10F8131A809915>I<EA07F8EA1C1C1238EA700813005AA61270
1304EA3808EA1C18EA07E00E107F8F11>I<133F1307A9EA03E7EA0C17EA180F487E1270
12E0A6126012706C5AEA1C373807C7E0131A7F9915>I<EA07C0EA1C30EA30181270EA60
0C12E0EAFFFCEAE000A41260EA7004EA3808EA1C18EA07E00E107F8F11>I<EA01F0EA07
18EA0E38EA1C101300A6EAFFC0EA1C00AEEAFF800D1A80990C>I<EA0FCF381871803830
3000EA7038A4EA30306C5AEA2FC00060C7FCA21270EA3FF013FC6C7EEA600FEAC003A4EA
6006EA381CEA07E011187F8F13>I<12FC121CA9137CEA1D87381E0380A2121CAB38FF9F
F0141A809915>I<1218123CA212181200A612FC121CAE12FF081A80990A>I<EA0180EA03
C0A2EA0180C7FCA6EA0FC01201B21241EAE180EAE300127E0A2182990C>I<12FC121CA9
EB1FC0EB0F00130C5B13205B13E0121DEA1E70EA1C7813387F131E7F148038FF9FE0131A
809914>I<12FC121CB3A6EAFF80091A80990A>I<38FC7C1F391D8E6380391E0781C0A200
1C1301AB39FF9FE7F81D107F8F20>I<EAFC7CEA1D87381E0380A2121CAB38FF9FF01410
808F15>I<EA07E0EA1C38EA300CEA700EEA6006EAE007A6EA6006EA700EEA381CEA1C38
EA07E010107F8F13>I<EAFCFCEA1D07381E0380381C01C0A2EB00E0A6EB01C01480381E
0300EA1D06EA1CF890C7FCA6B47E1317808F15>I<EA03E1EA0C13EA180BEA300FEA7007
12E0A61270A26C5AEA1C37EA07C7EA0007A6EB3FE013177F8F14>I<EAFC78EA1D9CEA1E
1C1308EA1C00ABEAFF800E10808F0F>I<EA1F20EA60E0EA402012C0A2EAF000127FEA3F
C0EA1FE0EA00F0EA8070133012C01320EAF040EA8F800C107F8F0F>I<1208A41218A212
38EAFFC0EA3800A81320A41218EA1C40EA07800B177F960F>I<38FC1F80EA1C03AB1307
120CEA0E0B3803F3F01410808F15>I<38FF0F80383C0700EA1C061304A26C5AA26C5AA3
EA03A0A2EA01C0A36C5A11107F8F14>I<39FE7F1F8039381C0700003C1306381C0C0413
0E380E16081317A238072310149013A33803C1A014E0380180C0A319107F8F1C>I<38FE
3F80383C1E00EA1C086C5AEA0F306C5A6C5A12017F1203EA0270487E1208EA181CEA381E
38FC3FC012107F8F14>I<38FF0F80383C0700EA1C061304A26C5AA26C5AA3EA03A0A2EA
01C0A36C5AA248C7FCA212E112E212E4127811177F8F14>I<EAFFF8EAE07012C0EA80E0
EA81C0A2EA0380EA0700A2EA0E04121CA2EA380812701338EAFFF80E107F8F11>I
E /Fe 29 122 df<EB0FE0EB3810EBE038EA01C0143038038000A5381FFFF0380700E0A6
380E01C0A6381C0380A238FF8FF0151A809915>12 D<EAFFC0A20A027F880D>45
D<1270A212F0126004047D830B>I<EA0FFCEA01C0A4EA0380A6EA0700A6120EA65A121E
EAFFC00E1A7E990E>73 D<D80FE0EB0FE00001EC1E00152E1370154E0002145C159CA290
3838011CA214020004495A131C1408A21410A2486C485AA21440A2EB0780140000185CD8
38067F00FFEB07FE231A7E9923>77 D<380FFFE03801C038140E140FA2EA0380A3140E14
1E1438380700F0EBFF80EB00C014601470A2120EA21478A31540481480001E133839FFC0
1F001A1A7E991C>82 D<EA07F0EA0C18EA1C0CEA080E1200A2EA01FEEA0F1C1238127012
E01480133CEB3900EA70DDEA3F1E11107E8F13>97 D<123E120EA45AA513F8EA3B06EA3C
0300381380A21301A2EA7003A314005B1306EAF00CEAC838EA87E0111A7D9915>I<EA01
FCEA0606EA0C0EEA1804EA30001270A25AA41260EA7004EA3008EA1830EA0FC00F107E8F
11>I<EB03E01300A4EB01C0A5EA01F138070F80EA0C03121812301270A238E00700A412
605BEA301EEA182F380FCFC0131A7E9915>I<EA03F0EA0618EA1C0C1238EA300E1270EA
7FFEEAE000A412601304EA3008EA1830EA0FC00F107E8F11>I<131FEB718013E33801C3
0013C0485AA5EA1FF80007C7FCA6120EA65A121EB47E111A80990C>I<EBF8F038038F30
38070600EA0E07A3130E130CEA0618EA09F00018C7FCA3EA1FF8EA0FFE7FEA3007386003
80130138C0030012601306EA381CEA0FE01418808F13>I<EA07C01201A4485AA5EB8F80
380730C0EB40E013801300A3380E01C0A6381C0380A238FF9FF0141A809915>I<EA0180
EA03C0A2EA0180C7FCA6EA1F80EA0700A6120EA65AA2EAFF800A1A80990A>I<EA07C012
01A4485AA5EB83F0380701C0EB0300130613085B1370EA0EF8EA0F38EA0E3C131C131E13
0EEA1C0F148038FF9FE0141A809914>107 D<EA07C01201A4EA0380A6EA0700A6120EA6
5AA2EAFF800A1A80990A>I<391F9F07C03907218860903841D070EB81E0EB01C0A3390E
0380E0A6391C0701C0A239FF9FE7F81D107F8F20>I<381F8F80380730C0EB40E0138013
00A3380E01C0A6381C0380A238FF9FF01410808F15>I<EA01F0EA060CEA1C06EA1807EA
30031270A2EAE007A4EA600E130CEA3018EA1870EA0FC010107E8F13>I<380FCF803803
B0E0EBC070EB8038A4EA0700A31430147014E0380F01C0380E8380EB7E0090C7FCA35AA3
B47E1517818F15>I<EA1F9EEA0723134713821300A3120EA65A121EEAFF801010808F0F>
114 D<EA07ECEA0C18EA10081230A2EA3C00EA3FC0EA1FE0EA07F0EA0078EA4038131813
10EAE030EAD060EA8F800E107F8F0F>I<1204A25AA21218A21278EAFFC0EA7000A65AA2
1380A3EAE100A21262123C0A177C960F>I<38FC1F8038380700A6EA700EA5131E5BEA30
5E381F9F8011107D8F15>I<38FF0FC0383C0700EA1C061304A2EA1E08EA0E10A25B120F
6C5AA25B90C7FC7E120212107D8F14>I<39FF3F8FC0393C1E0700381C0C06EB0E04A2EB
1E08120EEB26101327EB4720EBC740EA0783EB0380A2000690C7FCA21A107D8F1C>I<38
3FC7E038078380EB0200EA038413C8EA01D8EA00F05B7F120113381202487EEA081E1238
38FC3FC013107F8F14>I<381FE1F8380780E0000313C01480A2EBC100EA01C2A213C413
E4EA00E8A213F05B13601340A25BA20061C7FC12E212E412781517808F14>I
E /Ff 67 126 df<EAC060EAE0E0A5EAC060A50B0B7C9614>34 D<EA01801203EA070012
0E5A5AA25AA35AA91270A37EA27E7E7EEA03801201091D799914>40
D<12C07E12707E7E7EA27EA3EA0380A9EA0700A3120EA25A5A5A5A5A091D7D9914>I<EA
0380A3EA638CEAF39EEA7FFCEA3FF8EA0FE0A2EA3FF8EA7FFCEAF39EEA638CEA0380A30F
107E9214>I<EA01C0A7B51280A33801C000A711117F9314>I<EAFFFEA30F037E8C14>45
D<127012F8A312700505798414>I<EA07C0EA0FE0EA1C70EA3838EA3018EA701CA2EAE0
0EA9EA701CA2EA3838A2EA1C70EA0FE0EA07C00F177E9614>48 D<127012F8A312701200
A6127012F8A312700510798F14>58 D<127012F8A312701200A6127012F8A31278121812
38127012E012C00515798F14>I<B51280A3C8FCA3B51280A311097F8F14>61
D<124012E012F8127C123FEA0F80EA07C0EA01F0EA00F8137E131E137E13F8EA01F0EA07
C0EA0F80EA3F00127C5A12E012400F157E9514>I<EA01C0487EA21360A2EA0770A4EA06
30EA0E38A4487EEA1FFCA2EA1C1CA2487EA238FE3F80A211177F9614>65
D<EAFFF013FCEA381E130E1307A4130E131EEA3FFCA2EA381E130E1307A5130E131EEAFF
FC13F810177F9614>I<3801F180EA07FFEA1E1FEA3C0FEA3807EA7803127012F048C7FC
A738F0038012701278EA3807003C1300EA1E1EEA07FCEA01F011177F9614>I<EAFFE013
F8EA383C7F130E7FA3EB0380A8EB0700A2130E131E5BEAFFF813E011177F9614>I<B512
80A2EA1C03A490C7FCA2131CA2EA1FFCA2EA1C1CA290C7FCA3EB01C0A4B5FCA212178096
14>I<B512C0A2EA1C01A490C7FCA2131CA2EA1FFCA2EA1C1CA290C7FCA7B47EA2121780
9614>I<EA03C6EA0FFEEA1C3EEA3C1E1238EA700EA212F048C7FCA4EB7F80A2EB0E0012
F01270131E1238123CEA1C3EEA0FFEEA03CE11177F9614>I<38FE3F80A238380E00A8EA
3FFEA2EA380EA938FE3F80A211177F9614>I<EAFFF8A2EA0700B3EAFFF8A20D177D9614>
I<EA0FFEA2EA0070B012E0A2EAF0E0EA7FC0EA1F000F177D9614>I<EAFE7FA2EA383CA2
5B5BA2EA39E0EA3BC0A2123F7F123E7FEA3C70EA38781338133C131C131E130E38FE1F80
A211177F9614>I<EAFFC0A2001CC7FCAFEB0380A4B5FCA211177F9614>I<38FE0FE0A200
3E1380EA3B1BA413BBA2EA39B3A313F3EA38E3A21303A638FE0FE0A21317809614>I<38
FE3F80A2383E0E00123BA4138E1239A213CEA31238A213EE136EA4133E12FEA211177F96
14>I<EA1FF0EA7FFCEA783CEA701CEAE00EAFEA701CEA783CEA7FFCEA1FF00F177E9614>
I<EAFFF813FEEA1C0F7FEB0380A5EB07005BEA1FFE13F8001CC7FCA8B47EA21117809614
>I<EA1FF0EA7FFCEA783CEA701CEAE00EADEAE38EEAE1CEEA71DCEA78FC127FEA1FF0EA
00781338133C131C131E0F1C7E9614>I<EAFFE013F8EA383C131C7FA45B133CEA3FF85B
EA38787F131CA4EB1DC0A3EAFE0FEB070012177F9614>I<EA0FCCEA3FFCEA787CEAF03C
12E0131CA2EAF0007E127EEA3FE0EA0FF8EA01FCEA003C131E130E12E0A3EAF01CEAF83C
EAFFF8EAC7E00F177E9614>I<B51280A2EAE1C3A43801C000AFEA0FF8A211177F9614>I<
38FF8FF8A2381C01C0B0380E0380EA0F0738078F00EA03FEEA00F81517819614>I<38FE
3F80A238380E00A3EA3C1EEA1C1CA46C5AA4EA0630EA0770A3EA0360A213E0A26C5A1117
7F9614>I<EAFE7FA2EA1C3CEA1E38EA0E78EA0F7012075B12035B120112037FA2EA0770
A2EA0E781338EA1C3C131CEA3C1E38FE3F80A211177F9614>88 D<38FE3F80A238380E00
EA3C1EEA1C1CEA1E3CEA0E38A26C5AA2EA036013E0A26C5AA8EA07F0A211177F9614>I<
EAFFFEA2EAE01E133C13381378EA007013F013E0EA01C01203138012071300120E121E12
1CEA3C0E1238127812F0EAFFFEA20F177E9614>I<EAFFE0A2EAE000B3A7EAFFE0A20B1D
799914>I<EAFFE0A21200B3A712FFA20B1D7F9914>93 D<EA1FC0EA7FF0EA7078EA203C
EA001CA2EA07FC121FEA7C1C12F012E0A3EA707C383FFF80EA0F8F11107E8F14>97
D<12FCA2121CA513F8EA1FFE130F381E0780EA1C0314C01301A41303001E13801307381F
0F0013FEEA1CF81217809614>I<EA03F8EA0FFEEA3C0EEA7804EA700012F05AA47E1270
EA780EEA3C1EEA0FFCEA03F00F107E8F14>I<137EA2130EA5EA07CEEA1FFEEA3C3EEA78
1EEA700E12F012E0A412F0EA701E1278EA3C3E381FFFC0EA07CF12177F9614>I<EA07E0
EA1FF8EA3C3CEA781CEA701EEAF00E12E0EAFFFEA2EAE0007E1270EA780EEA3C1EEA0FFC
EA03F00F107E8F14>I<13FCEA01FEEA078E13041300A3EAFFFEA2EA0700ACEAFFF8A20F
177F9614>I<EA07CF381FFF80EA3C7B38783C00EA701CA3EA783C6C5AEA3FF0EA77C000
70C7FCA2EA3FF813FE7F38700F80EAF007EAE003A338700700EA7C1FEA1FFCEA07F01119
7F8F14>I<12FCA2121CA51378EA1DFEEA1F8FEA1E07A2121CA938FF9FE0A21317809614>
I<1203EA0780A2EA0300C7FCA4EAFF80A21203ACEAFFFCA20E187D9714>I<136013F0A2
13601300A4EA1FF0A2EA0070B2EAE0E012E1EAFFC0EA3F000C207E9714>I<12FCA2121C
A5EBFFC0A2EB3E005B5BEA1DF0EA1FE0A27F1370EA1E78EA1C3C7FA238FF3FC0A2121780
9614>I<EAFF80A21203B3EAFFFEA20F177E9614>I<EAFB8EB51280EA3EFBEA3CF3EA38E3
AA38FEFBE0A21310808F14>I<EAFC78EAFDFEEA1F8FEA1E07A2121CA938FF9FE0A21310
808F14>I<EA07C0EA1FF0EA3C78EA701CA2EAE00EA6EA701CEA783CEA3C78EA1FF0EA07
C00F107E8F14>I<EAFCF8EAFFFEEA1F0F381E0780EA1C0314C01301A41303001E138013
07381F0F0013FEEA1CF890C7FCA6B47EA21218808F14>I<EA03E7EA0FF7EA3C3FEA780F
1270EAF00712E0A412F0EA700FEA781F6C5AEA1FF7EA07C7EA0007A6EB3FE0A213187F8F
14>I<EAFE1FEB7F80EA0FE3EB8100138090C7FC120EA8EAFFF8A211107F8F14>I<EA0FD8
EA7FF8EAE078EAC038A2EAF000EA7F80EA3FF0EA07FCEA001EEAE00E130612F0EAF81CEA
FFF8EACFE00F107E8F14>I<120EA5EAFFFCA2EA0E00A8130EA3EA0F1EEA07FCEA01F00F
157F9414>I<EAFC3FA2EA1C07AA5BEA1E1F380FFFE0EA03E71310808F14>I<38FF7F80A2
383C1E00EA1C1CA36C5AA3EA0630EA0770A36C5AA311107F8F14>I<38FF7F80A2387007
00EA380EA3EA39CEA3EA1B6C121AA3EA1E7CA2EA0E3811107F8F14>I<38FE7F80A2381E
3C00EA0E78EA07705B12036C5A12037FEA0770EA0E781338487E38FF7F80A211107F8F14
>I<38FF7F80A2381C0E005BA2120E5BA212071330A2EA0370A25B1201A25BA3485A1273
0077C7FC127E123C11187F8F14>I<EA7FFFA2EA700E131C1338EA007013E0EA01C0EA03
80EA0700120EEA1C0712381270B5FCA210107F8F14>I<133EEA01FEEA03E01380A91207
EA7F0012FE127FEA07801203A913E0EA01FEEA003E0F1D7E9914>I<12F8B4FCEA0F8012
03A913C0EA01FCEA00FEEA01FCEA03C01380A9120FEAFF0012F80F1D7E9914>125
D E /Fg 18 117 df<1238127C12FEA3127C123807077D860D>46
D<EA03F0EA0FFCEA1F3EEA3E1FEA3C0F007C1380A300FC13C0AD007C1380A3003C1300EA
3E1FEA1F3EEA0FFCEA03F0121D7E9C17>48 D<13E01201120F12FF12F31203B3A4EA7FFF
A2101D7D9C17>I<EA3003EA3FFF5B5B5B13E090C7FC1230A4EA33F0EA3FFCEA3C1EEA38
0F00301380120014C0A2127812FCA31480127838601F00EA383EEA1FFCEA07E0121D7E9C
17>53 D<EA03F0EA0FFCEA1E1EEA3C1FEA7C0F148012FCA214C0A5127C131F123CEA1FFF
EA0FEFEA000F1480123C127E14005B131EEA7C3EEA387CEA1FF0EA07C0121D7E9C17>57
D<EA0FF0EA3FFCEA7E1E131FEB0F80A21218120013FF120FEA1F0F127CA212F8A31317EA
7C37383FE7F0EA0F8114147F9316>97 D<B4FCA2121FAA133FEBFFC0EBC3E0EB01F0EB00
F8A214FCA714F8A3EB01F0EBC3E0381CFFC038183F0016207F9F19>I<EA03F8EA0FFEEA
1F3F123E127E127C130C00FCC7FCA6127CA2387E0180EA3E03381F8700EA0FFEEA03F811
147F9314>I<EA03F8EA0FFEEA1F1F383E0F80EA7E07007C13C012FCA2B5FCA200FCC7FC
A4127C007E13C0EA3E01381F03803807FF00EA01FC12147F9315>101
D<137F3801FF803807C7C0EA0F8F130F121FEB078090C7FCA5EAFFF0A2001FC7FCB0EAFF
F0A212207F9F0E>I<B4FCA2121FAA131FEB3FC01363EB83E0A21303AD38FFE7FCA21620
7E9F19>104 D<B4FCA2121FB3AAEAFFE0A20B207F9F0C>108 D<39FE0F80F890383FC3FC
391E63E63E9038C1FC1FEB81F8381F01F0AD3AFFE7FE7FE0A223147E9326>I<EA01F8EA
0FFF381F0F80383E07C0387C03E0A300FC13F0A7007C13E0A2383E07C0381F0F80380FFF
00EA03FC14147F9317>111 D<EAFF3FEBFFC0381FC3E0EB01F014F8A2EB00FCA714F813
01A214F0EBC7E0EBFFC0EB3F0090C7FCA7EAFFE0A2161D7F9319>I<EAFE3C137F381EDF
80139F121F131FEB060090C7FCABEAFFF0A21114809313>114 D<EA0FD8EA3FF8EA7038
EAE018A3EAF800EAFF80EA7FF0EA3FF8EA1FFCEA03FEEA003EEAC00EA212E0130CEAF81C
EAFFF8EAC7E00F147F9312>I<1203A45AA25AA2123FEAFFF8A2EA1F00AA130CA5EA0F98
EA07F0EA03E00E1D7F9C12>I E /Fh 4 109 df<EA30033878078000F813C0A300781380
ABEA7003A212127AA51F>34 D<126012F87E127F6C7EEA0FE0EA07F8EA01FC6CB4FCEB3F
80EB0FE0EB07F0EB01FCEB00FE143FA214FEEB01FCEB07F0EB0FE0EB3F80EBFF00EA01FC
EA07F8EA0FE0EA3F8048C7FC12FC5A1260181E7DA01F>62 D<EB01FE13031301EB001EA8
137E3803FF9E4813DE380FC3FEEA1F00003E137E003C133E5A141E12F85AA67E0078133E
A2007C137E7E6C13FEEA0F833907FFDFE06CEB9FF03900FE1FE01C257EA41F>100
D<EAFFF8A3EA0078B3ADB512FCA316257CA41F>108 D E /Fi 1
59 df<127012F8A3127005057C840D>58 D E /Fj 1 51 df<121FEA60C01360EAF07013
301260EA0070A2136013C012011380EA02005AEA08101210EA2020EA7FE012FF0C137E92
11>50 D E /Fk 46 122 df<EB07FCEB3FFF9038FE0780D803F013C03807E00FA2EA0FC0
A3EC030091C7FCA3EC7FE0B6FCA2380FC007B3A239FFFC7FFEA21F267FA522>12
D<EAFFFEA50F057F8E14>45 D<123C127E12FFA4127E123C08087C8711>I<131C133C13
FC12FFA21200B3AA387FFFFCA216237CA21F>49 D<48B4FC000713C0381E07F0383803F8
386001FC387C00FE12FE14FF147FA2127C003813FFC7FC14FEA2EB01FC14F8EB03F0EB07
E01480EB0F00131E5B1370EBE003EA01C038038007380700061206380FFFFE5A5A4813FC
B5FCA218237DA21F>I<48B4FC000713E0381E03F0383801F8003C13FC387E00FEA3123E
EA1C01000013FCA2EB03F8EB07F0EB0FC03801FF00A2380007E0EB01F014F8EB00FC14FE
14FFA21210127C12FEA214FEA2387C01FC007013F8383E07F0380FFFC00001130018237D
A21F>I<14381478A214F81301130313071306130C131C13381330136013E0EA01C01380
EA03005A120E5A12185A12705AB612C0A2390001F800A790387FFFC0A21A237EA21F>I<
0018130C001F137CEBFFF814F014E014C01480EBFC000018C7FCA513FF001B13E0381F03
F0381C00F8001813FCC7127EA3147FA2127812FCA3147E5A006013FC1270383801F8381E
07E03807FFC03801FE0018237DA21F>I<EB1FC0EB7FF03801F0383803E00C3807803E00
0F137EEA1F005AA2007E133C1400A338FE3FC0EB7FF0EB80F800FF13FCEB007C147E5A14
7FA4127EA4003E137E123F6C137C380F80F83807C1F03803FFC038007F0018237DA21F>
I<1230123C003FB512C0A21580481400A25C3860001C5C00E05B48136014E0C6485A495A
49C7FCA2130E131E131C133CA2137CA2137813F8A31201A86C5A1A257DA41F>I<EBFF80
000313E0380F01F8381C007C48133C141E1278A2127C127E387F803C13E0383FF878381F
FDF0EBFFC07E000313E014F8000F13FCEA1E1F383C07FEEA7803EB00FF48133F141F140F
A3140E1278141C6C1338381F80F03807FFE00001130018237DA21F>I<123C127E12FFA4
127E123C1200A8123C127E12FFA4127E123C08187C9711>58 D<141CA2143EA3147FA24A
7EA39038019FC0A29038031FE0140F01077FEB0607A2010C7F1403011C7FEB1801A2496C
7EA2017FB5FCA29039E0007F8049133FA2484880151F00038190C7120FA2D80F8080D8FF
F090B51280A229257EA42E>65 D<B612E015FC3903F0007FED3F80ED1FC0ED0FE0A216F0
A21507150FA216E0151F16C0ED7F80913801FE0090B512F815FF9039F0003FC0ED0FE0ED
07F016F8150316FCA616F81507ED0FF0ED1FE0ED7FC0B7120015F826257EA42C>I<9138
FF8008010FEBF01890393FC03C789039FE0006F8D801F813034848130148481300484814
78121F48481438A2007F151890C8FCA2481500A97E16187F123FA26C6C1430120F6C6C14
606C6C14C06C6CEB0180D800FEEB070090383FC01E90380FFFF8010013C025257DA42C>
I<B612E015FC3903F800FFED1FC0ED07E06F7E6F7E82150082A2167FA31780AA1700A316
FEA24B5A5E4B5A4B5AED1FC0EDFF80B648C7FC15E029257EA42F>I<B7FCA23903F8007F
ED0F8015071503A21501A3ED00C01406A21600A2140E141EEBFFFEA2EBF81E140E1406A2
1660A291C7FC16C0A415011503A2ED0F80153FB7FCA223257EA428>I<B612FEA23803F8
00151F8181A281A3ED01801403A292C7FCA25C5C90B5FCA2EBF80F8080A491C8FCAAB512
F0A221257EA427>I<B512E0A23803F800B3AFB512E0A213257EA417>73
D<B512F0A2D803F8C7FCB3A31503A31506A3150EA2151E153E157CEC03FCB6FCA220257E
A425>76 D<D8FFFC903807FFE0A2D803FE9038003C006D1418806D7E133F6D7E6D7E6D7E
806D7E13016D7EEC7F80EC3FC015E0EC1FF0140FEC07F8EC03FCEC01FE15FF6E1398157F
ED3FD8ED1FF8150FA215071503150115001678487ED8FFFC143816182B257EA430>78
D<903803FF80011F13F090387F01FC3901FC007FD803F0EB1F804848EB0FC0000F15E048
48EB07F0491303003F15F8A2007F15FC90C71201A24815FEA96C15FCA26D1303003F15F8
A26C6CEB07F0A26C6CEB0FE06C6CEB1FC06C6CEB3F806C6CEB7F0039007F01FC90381FFF
F00103138027257DA42E>I<B612E015FC3903F800FFED3F80ED1FC016E0150F16F0A616
E0151F16C0ED3F80EDFF0090B512FC15E001F8C8FCAFB512E0A224257EA42A>I<01FF13
80000713E3380F80F7381E001F48130F481307140312F81401A27E91C7FCB4FCEA7FE013
FE383FFFE014F86C13FE00077F6C1480C67E010313C0EB003FEC0FE01407A200C01303A3
15C07E6C13076C14806CEB0F0038FFC03E38E3FFF838803FE01B257DA422>83
D<007FB612F8A2397E00FE010078EC00780070153800601518A200E0151C160C5AA4C714
00B3A390B512FEA226247EA32B>I<EA07FF001F13E0383E03F0383F00F880147E121EC7
FCA3EB1FFE3803FE7EEA0FC0EA1F00123E127E5AA314BEEA7E01383F073F391FFE1FE038
07F00F1B187E971E>97 D<EAFFC0A2120FACEBC1FCEBCFFF9038FC0FC09038F007E09038
C003F0A2EC01F8A215FCA815F8A2EC03F013E09038F007E090381C1F80390E0FFF00380C
03F81E267FA522>I<EB7FE03803FFF83807C07C381F80FC13005A007E1378140012FEA8
127E127F6C130CEA1F80EBC0183807E0703803FFE038007F0016187E971B>I<137F3803
FFC0380FC1F0381F80F8383F00FC147C007E137EA212FEA2B512FEA248C7FCA4127E007F
13067E140E381F801C3807E0783803FFE038007F8017187E971C>101
D<EB1FC0EB7FF0EA01F83803E1F8120713C1380FC0F01400A7B5FCA2EA0FC0B3A2EAFFFE
A215267EA513>I<3901FF07C00007EBDFE0380F83F1EA1F01393E00F800007E7FA6003E
5B6C485A380F83E0EBFFC0001190C7FC0030C8FCA21238123C383FFFE06C13FC806C7F48
1480383C003F48EB0FC000F81307A4007CEB0F806CEB1F00381F807E3807FFF8C613C01B
247E971F>I<EAFFC0A2120FAC14FE9038C3FF809038CE0FC013D89038D007E013E0A213
C0AF39FFFC7FFEA21F267EA522>I<120FEA1F80EA3FC0A4EA1F80EA0F00C7FCA7EA7FC0
A2120FB3A2EAFFF8A20D277EA611>I<131E133FEB7F80A4EB3F00131E90C7FCA73801FF
80A2EA001FB3A8127812FCEB3F00133E5BEA7FF8EA0FE0113283A613>I<EAFFC0A2120F
B3B0EAFFFCA20E267EA511>108 D<26FF80FE137F903A83FF81FFC03B0F8E0FC707E001
9813CC903A9007E803F001A013F0A201C013E0AF3BFFFC7FFE3FFFA230187E9733>I<38
FF80FE903883FF80390F8E0FC0139890389007E013A0A213C0AF39FFFC7FFEA21F187E97
22>I<EB7F803803FFF03807C0F8381F807E48487EA2007EEB1F80A200FE14C0A8007E14
80A26CEB3F00A2381F807E6C6C5A3803FFF038007F801A187E971F>I<38FFC1FCEBCFFF
390FFC1FC09038F007E001C013F0140315F8140115FCA8EC03F8A215F0EBE0079038F00F
E09038DC1F809038CFFF00EBC3F801C0C7FCA9EAFFFCA21E237F9722>I<38FF83E0EB8F
F8380F8C7CEB90FC13B013A01478EBE0005BAEEAFFFEA216187F9719>114
D<3807F8C0EA1FFFEA3C07EA7001EAF000A300FC1300B47EEA7FFC7F383FFF80000F13C0
120338001FE01303EAC001A212E014C0EAF00338FC078038EFFF00EAC3FC13187E9718>
I<13C0A41201A312031207120F121FB512C0A2380FC000AC1460A63807E0C013E13801FF
8038007E0013237FA218>I<39FFC07FE0A2000F1307B0140FA200071317EBE0673903FF
C7FE38007F071F187E9722>I<39FFF80FF8A2390FC003C0EC01803907E00300A26D5A00
031306EBF80E0001130C13FC00005B13FEEB7E30A26D5AA214E06D5AA26D5AA26DC7FCA2
1D187F9720>I<39FFF83FF0A2390FC00F003807E00E6C6C5A6D5A6C6C5A00001360EB7E
C06D5AA2131F6D7E497E80EB33F81361EBE0FC3801C07E3803807F3907003F8048131F39
FFC07FF8A21D187F9720>120 D<39FFF80FF8A2390FC003C0EC01803907E00300A26D5A
00031306EBF80E0001130C13FC00005B13FEEB7E30A26D5AA214E06D5AA26D5AA26DC7FC
A21306A25B1230EA781CEAFC185B1370EA68E0EA7FC0001FC8FC1D237F9720>I
E /Fl 2 62 df<126012F0A212601200A6126012F0A212701210A21220A21240A204147D
8D0A>59 D<B512FCA2C8FCA6B512FCA2160A7E8C1B>61 D E /Fm
2 106 df<EA0180A2120313005A1206A2120E120C121C1218A212381230A21270126012
E05AA27E126012701230A212381218A2121C120C120E1206A212077E13801201A209267D
9B0F>104 D<12C0A27E126012701230A212381218121C120CA2120E1206A212077E1380
1201A2120313005A1206A2120E120CA2121C121812381230A21270126012E05AA209267E
9B0F>I E /Fn 44 123 df<EB03E0EB1C181338EB703C13E014383801C000A5485A387F
FFF038038070A4380700E0A6380E01C0A6381C0380001E13C038FF0FF016207E9F19>12
D<EB03F4EB1C1CEB383C137013E01438EA01C0A538038070387FFFF038038070A4380700
E0A6380E01C0A6381C0380001E13C038FF9FF016207E9F19>I<138013C0134013201330
A21318A3130CAD131CA31318A21338A21330A21370136013E013C0A2EA018013005A1206
12045A12185A12405A0E2E80A112>41 D<EAFFF0A20C027E8A0F>45
D<1230127812F81278127005057C840D>I<137EEA01C338030180000713C0EA0E0014E0
5AA2EA3C0112381278A538F003C0A51480130712E01400A2130E1260EA701CEA3038EA38
70EA0FC0131F7C9D17>48 D<13181338EA01F8EA0E701200A513E0A6EA01C0A6EA0380A6
EA07001380EAFFFC0E1E7B9D17>I<EB3F80EBC1E038010070000213785AA2000F137C13
80A2EB00781206C712F814F0EB01E014C0EB0380EB0700130E5B5B13605B485A38030020
1206000813405A383FFFC0481380B5FC161E7E9D17>I<380180303803FFE014C0140013
FC0002C7FCA25AA4137CEA0587380A0380EA0C01000813C0120014E0A4387003C012F812
F000E01380EA800700401300130E6C5AEA1070EA0FC0141F7D9D17>53
D<137EEA01C338030180000613C0120EEA1C00003C13E0A213011278A41303A2003813C0
1307EA1C0BEA0C133803E380EA0007A214005BEA600EEAF01C1318485AEA8060EA41C000
3FC7FC131F7C9D17>57 D<120E121FA2121E120C1200AA1230127812F81278127008147C
930D>I<0007B5FC3900F803C090387801E0EC00F04913F8A515F03801E001EC03E015C0
EC0F809038FFFE009038E00F803903C003C0EC01E015F0A21400A2485A1401A215E01403
EC07C0390F000F80EC3E00B512F01D1F7E9E20>66 D<0007B57E3900F801E09038780070
81497F151E150E150FA348481480A6484814005DA3151E153E4848133C5DA25D4A5A4A5A
260F000FC7FC143CB512F0211F7E9E23>68 D<ECFE02903807018690381C004E0170133E
49131E4848131C4848130C120748C7FC5A121E003E1408003C1400127CA45AA2EC3FFEEC
01F000781300A2EC01E0A27EA2121C6C13036CEB05C0380380083900E0304090383FC000
1F217C9F24>71 D<3807FF803800F8001378A25BA6485AA6485AA6485AA648C7FC7FEAFF
F0111F7E9E10>73 D<D807F8EC7FE00000ED7C00017814BCA2019C495AA21502A2018E13
041508D8010E5C1510A26D1320A215400002EC41E09038038081EC8101A21482A23A0401
C403C0A214C8A2EB00F0000C13E04B5A001E01C07FD8FFC0EB7FFC2B1F7E9E2A>77
D<D807F8EB7FC0D8007CEB1F00150C015E1304019E5B138FA2EB8780A2EB83C0D801035B
EB01E0A2EB00F0A2147800025C143CA2141EA2140F485CEC07C0A21403A21401000C5C00
1E1300B47E221F7E9E22>I<3807FFFE3900F8078090387801E0EC00F05B15F8A415F038
01E00115E0EC03C0EC0780EC1E00EBFFF03803C03880141E140EA2140F48485AA51502D8
0F001304EB800F39FFF00788C7EA01F01F207E9E21>82 D<003FB512F0383C0780003014
30126039400F0010A212C01280A3D8001E1300A65BA65BA65B7F383FFFE01C1F7A9E21>
84 D<39FFF00FF8391F0003E06CEB01801400001EEB0100A6481302A6485BA600705BA2
5CA200785B1238001813C06C48C7FCEA0706EA01F81D20799E22>I<EA07F8EA0C0CEA1E
061307121C1200A313FFEA07C7EA1E07EA3C0E127800F01310A3131EEB2E2038784F4038
1F878014147D9317>97 D<1207123F120F7EA2120EA65A137CEA1D83381E0180001C13C0
EB00E05A14F0A5387001E0A214C013031480EB0700EAE80EEACC38EA83E014207B9F19>
I<13FEEA0383380E0780121C0038130090C7FC12785AA45AA37E5BEA70026C5AEA1C18EA
07E011147D9314>I<1438EB01F8EB00781438A21470A614E013FCEA0382EA0601121CEA
3C00383801C0127812F0A438E00380A412F0EA700738380F00381C37803807C7E015207D
9F19>I<13F8EA070EEA0E07121C383803801278127012F0A2B5FC00F0C7FC5AA46C5AEA
7002EA3004EA1C18EA07E011147D9314>I<EB07C0EB1C60EB30F01360EBE0E0EBC00012
01A5485AEA3FFCEA0380A448C7FCA6120EA65A121EEAFFC014207F9F0E>I<140EEB3E11
EBE1A33801C1C2380381E0EA07801301120FA3380703C01480EB8700EA04FC48C7FCA212
18121CEA0FFF14C014E0381800F04813305A5AA3006013606C13C0381C0700EA07FC181F
809417>I<13E0120712011200A2485AA6485AEB8F80EB90E013A0EBC0601380000713E0
1300A5380E01C0A6381C0380001E13C038FF8FF014207E9F19>I<EA01C0EA03E0A213C0
EA0180C7FCA6EA0380121F12071203A2EA0700A6120EA65A121EEAFF800B1F7F9E0C>I<
13E0120712011200A2485AA6485AEB81FCEB80F014C0EB81801400EA07045B1318133813
7C131C120E7FA2130F7F1480EA1C03381E07C038FF8FF016207E9F18>107
D<13E0120712011200A2EA01C0A6EA0380A6EA0700A6120EA65A121EEAFF800B207F9F0C
>I<390387C07C391F9861863907A072073903C03403EB80380007EB7807EB0070A5000E
EBE00EA64848485A001EEBE01E3AFFCFFCFFC022147E9326>I<38038F80381F90E0EA07
A03803C0601380000713E01300A5380E01C0A6381C0380001E13C038FF8FF014147E9319
>I<13FCEA0387380E0180381C00C04813E0A24813F012F0A438E001E0A214C0130300F0
138038700700EA380E6C5AEA07E014147D9317>I<EBE3E03807EC383800F01C497E140F
48487E1580A53903800F00A2140E141E141C5C38074070EB61C0011FC7FC90C8FCA3120E
A4121EEAFFC0191D809319>I<EA038E381FB380EA07C71203EB8300EA078090C7FCA512
0EA65A121EEAFFC011147E9312>114 D<EA01F9EA0607EA080312181301EA3802EA3C00
121F13F0EA07FCEA01FEEA001FEA40071303A212601306EAF004EAC818EA87E010147F93
12>I<1380EA0100A35A5A5A121EEAFFF8EA0E00A45AA65A1310A41320A2EA1840EA0F80
0D1C7C9B12>I<381C0380EAFC1FEA3C07EA1C03A238380700A6EA700EA4131EA25BEA30
5E381F9F8011147B9319>I<38FF83F8381E00E0001C13C01480121E380E01005B13025B
12075BA25BEA039013A013E05B5B120190C7FC15147C9318>I<39FF9FE1FC393C078070
391C030060148015401580EA0E0790380D81001309EB19C21311380F21C4EA0720EB40C8
14E8EB80F0A26C485A1460000213401E147C9321>I<381FF0FF3803C078000113701440
3800E0C0EBE180EB73001376133CA2131C132E134E1387EA0107380203801204380C01C0
383C03E038FE07FC18147F9318>I<390FF83F803901E00E00EBC00C140813E000005B14
3014205C13705CA20171C7FC1339133A133E133C133813181310A25BA25BEA70C0EAF080
00F1C8FC12E61278191D809318>I<380FFFE0EA0E01000C13C038080380EB0700EA100E
5BC65A5BA25B485A38038080EA0700120E381C0100A2485AEA700EEAFFFE13147F9314>
I E /Fo 3 118 df<EB7E083803819838070078000C1338001C13185A00781308127000
F01300A5EB03FEEB00381270127812387E120C1207380380D838007F0817177E961D>
103 D<38FC01FC381E007014201217EA1380A2EA11C0EA10E0A213701338A2131C130E13
07A2EB03A0EB01E0A213001460123800FE132016177E961C>110
D<38FF81FC381C00701420B0000C1340120E6C138038018300EA007C16177E961C>117
D E /Fp 39 121 df<EB01C01303130F137FEA1FFFB5FC13BFEAE03F1200B3B1007FB512
F0A31C2E7AAD28>49 D<EB3FE03801FFFE0007EBFF80D80F8013C0393E003FF0003CEB1F
F8007C130F007F14FC38FF800715FEA21403A2EA7F00003E1307C7FC15FCA2140F15F8EC
1FF015E0EC3FC01580EC7F0014FE495A5CEB03E0495A495A90381F000E133E137849131E
4848131C485A4848133C90B512FC5A5A5A4814F8B6FCA31F2E7CAD28>I<EB1FF890B5FC
000314C0390FE01FF048C66C7E6D6C7EEA3FC06E7E13E013C0A2121F380F0007C75BA24A
5A5D4A5A4A5A02FFC7FCEB3FF8ECFF809038001FE06E7EEC07FC6E7EA281801680A3121C
127FEAFF80A216005CA201005B007E495A003C495A391FC01FF06CB512C0000391C7FC38
003FF8212E7DAD28>I<157015F0140114031407140FA2141F143F147714F714E7EB01C7
EB0387EB0707130F130E131C1338137013F013E0EA01C0EA0380EA07005A120E5A5A5A5A
B712E0A3C7380FF000A9010FB512E0A3232E7EAD28>I<000C1430390FC007F090B512E0
A215C015005C5C14F01480000EC8FCA8EB1FF0EBFFFE390FE03F809038000FE0000E14F0
000CEB07F8C7FCEC03FCA315FEA21218127EB4FCA415FC481307007814F8A26CEB0FF06C
EB1FE0390FC07FC06CB51200000113FC38003FE01F2E7CAD28>I<14FF010713E0011F7F
90387F80F89038FE003CD803FC137E484813FEEBF001EA0FE0121F13C0003F6D5A157800
7F91C7FC5BA338FF83FC90388FFF8090389C0FE09038B803F001F07F496C7E81496C7EA3
491480A4127FA4123F6D1400A2001F495AEA0FE04A5AD807F05B3903FC0FF0C6B512C001
3F90C7FCEB0FFC212E7DAD28>I<1578A215FCA34A7EA24A7EA24A7FA34A7FEC0E7F021E
7FEC1C3FA202387F151F02787FEC700FA202E07F1507010180ECC003A249486C7EA20107
8191C7FC498191B6FCA24981011CC7123F013C810138141FA24981160F01F081491407A2
484881486C1403B549B512FCA336317DB03D>65 D<B712C016FC16FFD801FEC77FEE7FE0
707E161F707EA2831607A4160FA25FA24C5A4C5A4C5A4B485ADB1FFEC7FC90B65AEEFF80
49C7EA3FE0EE0FF0EE07FCA2707E83821880A718005E5F16074C5A4C5AEEFFF0B812C094
C7FC16F831317DB039>I<913A03FF800180023FEBF00349B5EAFC0F01079038003F1FD9
1FF8EB07FFD97FE01301D9FF807F4890C8127F4848153F4848151F485A170F4848150712
3F5B1703127FA24992C7FC12FFAB127F7FEF0380123FA27F001F16076C6C16005F6C6C15
0E6C6C151E6C6C5D6C6D5CD97FE0495AD91FF8495AD907FFEB3F800101D9FFFEC7FCD900
3F13F80203138031317CB03A>I<B712F016FF17C0C6D9800013F0EE0FF8EE03FE707E70
1380EF7FC0173FEF1FE018F0170F18F8A2EF07FCA418FEAB18FCA4EF0FF8A218F0171F18
E0173FEF7FC01880933801FF004C5AEE0FFCEE7FF0B812C094C7FC16F037317EB03E>I<
B812E0A3C6903880007FEE0FF016031601A21600A21770A31738A21507A21700A35D5D5D
91B5FCA3EC803F818181A592C8FCACB612C0A32D317EB033>70 D<B61280A3C6EB8000B3
B3A7B61280A319317EB01E>73 D<B67EA3000190C9FCB3A9EE0380A416071700A25EA35E
5E5E5E4B5A150FB7FCA329317DB030>76 D<B500C00303B5FCA26E5DC61900D9EFF0150E
A3D9E7F85DA2D9E3FC5DA2D9E1FE5DA2D9E0FF5DA26E6C495AA26E6C495AA36E6C495AA2
6E6C130EA26E6C5BA26E6C5BA26E6C5BA26E6C5BA392387F81C0A292383FC380A2DB1FE7
C7FCA2ED0FFEA26F5AA36F5A487EB526E001F090B6FCA26F5A48317EB04D>I<EC0FFF91
B512F0903907FC03FE903A1FE0007F80D93F80EB1FC049C76C7ED801FEEC07F848486E7E
48486E7EA248486E7E001F178049157F003F17C0A34848ED3FE0A300FF17F0AB007F17E0
6D157FA3003F17C0A26C6CEDFF80A26C6C4A130000075E6D140300035E6C6C4A5A6C6C4A
5AD93FC0EB3FC06D6C495A902707FC03FEC7FC0100B512F0020F90C8FC34317CB03D>79
D<B77E16F816FEC690398003FF809238007FE0EE1FF0707EA283160783A65F160F5F4C5A
4C5A4C5ADB03FFC8FC91B512F816E091388007F8ED03FE6F7E6F7F707EA2707EA583A5F0
038017F8161FEFFC07040F1400B6398007FE0E933801FFFC9338001FF039317EB03C>82
D<90391FF8018090B51203000314C73907F007EF391F8000FF90C7127F003E143F007E14
1F007C140F150712FCA215037E7E6D90C7FC7FEA7FF0EBFF8014F86CEBFF806C14F06C80
6C14FE6C80C61580013F14C01301D9001F13E014019138003FF0151F150F150712E01503
A37E16E06C140716C06C140FB4EC1F8001C0EB3F0001FC13FE00F1B55AD8E03F13F0D8C0
03138024317CB02D>I<007FB8FCA39039C00FF801D87E00EC003F007C82007882A20070
8200F01780A3481603A5C792C7FCB3AA017FB6FCA331307DAF38>I<EBFFF0000713FF39
0FC03FC0486C6C7E6E7E6E7EA26E7EEA0FC0C7FCA414FF131FEBFFE33803FC03EA0FF0EA
1FE0EA3FC0EA7F8012FF1300A314071380007F130F9038C01DFE3A1FE079FFF03807FFE0
C6EB803F24207E9F27>97 D<EA01F812FFA3120F1207ADEC3FE0ECFFFC9038FBE07F9039
FF001F804914E049EB0FF049130716F8A2ED03FCA216FEAA16FCA2ED07F8A216F06DEB0F
E06DEB1FC001E7EB3F809039C3C0FE00903880FFF89038003FC027327EB12D>I<EB0FFF
017F13E03901FC03F03903F807F8EA0FF0EA1FE013C0123F007FEB03F049C7FCA212FFAA
127F7F151C123F6C6C133C15786C6C13F03903F801E03901FC07C039007FFF00EB0FF81E
207D9F24>I<ED0FC0EC07FFA3EC007F153FADEB07F8EB3FFF9038FE07BF3903F801FF48
487E4848137F4848133F123FA2485AA212FFAA127FA26C7EA2001F147F7F6C6C13FF0003
010313E03A01FC0FBFFE39007FFE3FEB0FF027327DB12D>I<EB0FFC90387FFF803901FC
0FE03903F807F0390FF003F89038E001FC381FC000003F14FEA24848137E157F12FFA390
B6FCA20180C7FCA4127FA27F003F1407A26C6C130F000F141E6C6C133C6C6C13783900FE
03F090383FFFC0903807FE0020207E9F25>I<EB01FE90380FFF8090383FC3E090387F07
F0EBFF0FEA01FEA2EA03FCEC07E0EC018091C7FCA8B512FCA3D803FCC7FCB3A8387FFFF0
A31C327EB119>I<90391FF007C09039FFFE3FE03A03F83FF9F03907F01FC3390FE00FE1
001FECF1E09039C007F000003F80A7001F5CEBE00F000F5C6C6C485A6D485A260EFFFEC7
FCEB1FF090C9FC121EA2121F7F90B57E6C14F015FC6C14FF16806C15C0120F003FC7127F
007EEC1FE000FE140F481407A4007EEC0FC0007F141F6C1580D81FC0EB7F003907F803FC
0001B512F0D8001F90C7FC242F7E9F28>I<EA01F812FFA3120F1207ADEC07F8EC3FFE91
38F87F809038F9C03FD9FB8013C09038FF001F4914E0A25BA25BB3B500C3B5FCA328327D
B12D>I<EA03C0EA0FF0A2487EA46C5AA2EA03C0C8FCA9EA01F8127FA31207B3A7B51280
A311337DB217>I<EA01F812FFA3120F1207B3B3A6B512C0A312327DB117>108
D<2703F007F8EB1FE000FFD93FFEEBFFF8913AF87F83E1FE903AF1C03F8700260FF38001
CE7F2807F7001FDC7F01F602F8148013FE495CA2495CB3B500C3B5380FFFFCA33E207D9F
43>I<3903F007F800FFEB3FFE9138F87F809038F1C03F260FF38013C03907F7001F01F6
14E013FE5BA25BB3B500C3B5FCA328207D9F2D>I<EB07FC90387FFFC03901FC07F03903
F001F848486C7E4848137E001F147F003F158049133F007F15C0A300FF15E0A8007F15C0
A36C6CEB7F80A2001F15006C6C13FE00075C3903F803F83901FE0FF039007FFFC0D907FC
C7FC23207E9F28>I<3901F83FE000FFEBFFFC9038FBE07F9039FF003F80D807FEEB1FE0
49EB0FF05BED07F8A216FCA2ED03FEAAED07FCA216F8150F16F06DEB1FE06D14C06DEB3F
809039FBC0FE009038F8FFF8EC3FC091C8FCABB512C0A3272E7E9F2D>I<3803F03F00FF
EBFFC09038F1C7E09038F38FF0380FF70FEA07F613FE13FCEC07E091C7FCA25BB2B512E0
A31C207E9F21>114 D<3801FF86000713FEEA1F00003C133E007C131E127800F8130EA2
7E6C90C7FC6C7E13FC387FFFC014F06C7F6C7F00077F00017FEA003F01001380143F00E0
131FA26C130FA27E15006C5B6C133E6C6C5A38F3FFF038C07F8019207D9F20>I<131CA5
133CA3137CA213FC120112031207381FFFFEB5FCA2D803FCC7FCB0EC0380A71407D801FE
13001200EB7F0EEB3FFCEB07F0192E7FAD1F>I<D801F8EB07E000FFEB03FFA3000FEB00
3F0007141FB3153FA2157F000314FF9039FC01DFF03A00FE039FFF90387FFF1FEB0FFC28
207D9F2D>I<B5EB1FFCA3D80FF8EB03C0000715806D1307000315007F0001140E7F6C5C
A2EC803C017F1338ECC078013F1370ECE0F0011F5B14F1010F5B14F9903807FB80A214FF
6D90C7FCA26D5AA26D5AA21478A226207E9F2B>I<B53A1FFFE03FF8A33C0FF000FE0007
C06DED038000076EEB0700816D5D00039138FF800EA26C6C486D5A15DF01FF153C6C9039
038FE038A2D97F876D5A150702C714F0D93FCF6D5AECCE03D91FFEEBF9C09138FC01FD16
FF010F5D4A7EA26D486DC7FCA20103147E4A133EA26D48131C35207E9F3A>I<3A7FFF80
7FFCA33A03FC001F806C6CEB1E006C6C5BEC803890387FC078013F5B90381FE1E090380F
F3C0ECFF806D90C7FC6D5A13016D7E81815B903803DFE09038078FF08190380F07FC9038
1E03FEEB3C01496C7E4914804848EB7FC00003EC3FE026FFFC01B5FCA328207F9F2B>I
E /Fq 4 123 df<14FF010713E090381F00F80138131C01F0130FD801C0EB03804848EB
01C048C812E0000E1570000C1530001C153848151C0030150C0070150E00601506A300E0
1507481503A76C150700601506A30070150E0030150C0038151C6C1538000C1530000E15
706C15E06C6CEB01C06C6CEB0380D800F0EB0F000138131C011F13F8903807FFE0010090
C7FC282B7EA02D>13 D<EA03F0EA0FFC487E487E481380A2B512C0A66C1380A26C13006C
5A6C5AEA03F012127E9317>15 D<5AEA0380A6EA0100A4EA793CEAFFFEEA793CEA0100A3
EA0380B2EA0100A70F2A7E9F14>121 D<5AEA0380A5EA0100A2EA4104EAFFFEA2EA0100
A3EA0380A5EA0100C7FC5AEA0380A5EA0100A3EAFFFEA2EA4104EA0100A2EA0380A5EA01
000F297E9F14>I E /Fr 25 117 df<121C123CA41204A21208A212101220A212401280
060E7D840E>44 D<127012F8A212F012E005057B840E>46 D<EB0F80EB30E0EBE070EA01
C0380380301438EA0700481378A2120E121E14704813F0A4387801E0A314C0EA700312F0
1480130714001270130E5BEA30386C5AEA0FC0151F7C9D17>48 D<1302A21306130E133C
13DCEA031C12001338A41370A413E0A4EA01C0A4EA0380A41207EAFFF80F1E7B9D17>I<
EB80603801FFC01480EBFE0090C7FC1202A45AA213F8EA050CEA0A06EA0C071208000013
80A4EB0F00127012F0130EEAE01EEA801C5B1330EA4060EA61C0001FC7FC131F7B9D17>
53 D<131FEB7180EBC0C0EA0180000313E0EA07005A1301121EA314C0EA1C03A31307EB
0F80120CEA06373803C700EA000F130EA25B1260EAF0385BEAE060EA80C0EA4380003EC7
FC131F7B9D17>57 D<90B5128090381E00E015701538151C5B150EA35BA449131EA44848
133CA3157848481370A215E0EC01C0380780031580EC0E005C380F0070B512C01F1F7D9E
22>68 D<ECFC04903807030C90381C00980130137813E04848133848481330A248C7FC12
0E001E1420A2481400A25AA45AECFFF0EC0780A2EC0F001270A3141E7E0018133E001C13
2E6C13CC38038304D800FCC7FC1E217A9F23>71 D<3801FFF8D8001FC7FC131EA35BA45B
A45BA4485AA315803903C00100A25C140238078006A25C141C380F0078B512F8191F7D9E
1D>76 D<01FFEB3FE0011FEB0F001504EB1780A201275BEB23C0A3903841E010A214F013
4001805B1478A348486C5AA3141E00025CA2140FA24891C7FC80A2120C001C1302EAFF80
231F7D9E22>78 D<393FFC0FF83907C003C09038800100A3380F0002A4001E5BA4485BA4
485BA4485BA35CA200705B49C7FCEA3002EA3804EA0C18EA07E01D20779E22>85
D<EBF180380389C038070780EA0E03121C123C383807001278A3EAF00EA31420EB1C40A2
EA703C135C38308C80380F070013147C9317>97 D<137EEA01C138030080EA0E07121E00
1C1300EA3C0248C7FCA35AA5EA70011302EA3004EA1838EA07C011147C9315>99
D<137CEA01C2EA0701120E121C123CEA3802EA780CEA7BF0EA7C0012F0A4127013011302
EA3804EA1838EA07C010147C9315>101 D<EB1E30EB7138EBE0F03801C070EA03801207
EB00E05AA3381E01C0A4EB0380A2EA0E07130B38061700EA01E7EA0007A2130EA21230EA
781C485AEA6070EA3FC0151D7F9315>103 D<EA01E0120FEA01C0A4485AA448C7FCA213
1E1363380E8180380F01C0120EA2381C0380A438380700A3EB0E1000701320A2131CEB0C
4000E013803860070014207D9F17>I<13C0EA01E0A213C0C7FCA7120E12131223EA4380
EA4700A21287120EA35AA3EA38401380A21270EA31001232121C0B1F7C9E0E>I<EA01E0
120FEA01C0A4485AA448C7FCA2EB03C0EB0420380E08E013111321EB40C0381C8000001D
C7FC121EEA1FC0EA38E01370A2EB384038707080A3EB310012E0EA601E13207D9F15>
107 D<EA03C0121FEA0380A4EA0700A4120EA45AA45AA45AA3127112E2A4126412380A20
7C9F0C>I<391C0F80F0392630C318394740640C903880680EEB0070A2008E495A120EA3
4848485AA3ED70803A3803807100A215E115623970070064D83003133821147C9325>I<
381C0F80382630C0384740601380EB0070A2008E13E0120EA3381C01C0A3EB0384003813
88A2EB0708EB031000701330383001C016147C931A>I<3801C1E0380262183804741C13
78EB701EA2EA08E01200A33801C03CA3143838038078147014E0EBC1C038072380EB1E00
90C7FCA2120EA45AA2B47E171D809317>112 D<EA1C1EEA266138278380EA47871307EB
0300008EC7FC120EA35AA45AA45A123011147C9313>114 D<13FCEA0302EA0601EA0C03
130713061300EA0F8013F0EA07F8EA03FCEA003E130E1270EAF00CA2EAE008EA4010EA20
60EA1F8010147D9313>I<EA018013C0EA0380A4EA0700A2EAFFF0EA0700120EA45AA45A
A31320EA7040A21380A2EA3100121E0C1C7C9B0F>I E /Fs 64 122
df<131C133EA438201C020078130F00FCEB1F8000FE133F007FEB7F00381FDDFC3807EB
F03800FF80011CC7FCEBFF803807EBF0381FDDFC387F1C7F00FEEB3F8000FC131F0078EB
0F0000201302D8003EC7FCA4131C191B7CAC22>42 D<B51280A611067F9016>45
D<121C127FA2EAFF80A3EA7F00A2121C09097B8813>I<1403EC0780140FA215005CA214
1E143EA25CA2147814F8A25C1301A2495AA25C1307A25C130FA249C7FCA2131E133EA213
3C137CA25BA25B1201A25B1203A2485AA25B120FA290C8FC5AA2123EA2123C127CA21278
12F8A25A1260193C7CAC22>I<EB3F803801FFF03807E0FC380FC07E48487E497E481480
003E130F007E14C0A400FE14E0AF007E14C0A46CEB1F80A26C14006D5A380FC07E6C6C5A
3801FFF038003F801B277DA622>I<130E131E137EEA07FE12FFA212F81200B3ABB512FE
A317277BA622>I<EBFF80000713F04813FC381E03FE393800FF80007C133F00FE14C06C
131F15E0140FA2127E003C131FC7FC15C0A2EC3F801500147E5C5C495A495AEB078049C7
FC131E4913E013705B3901C001C0EA0380EA0600000FB5FC5A5A5AB61280A31B277DA622
>I<EB7F803803FFF04813FC380F81FE381F007FEA3F80EC3F80A3121F1300C7EA7F00A2
147E5C495AEB07F0EBFFC0A2EB01F8EB007E801580EC1FC0A215E0A2123C127EB4FCA215
C0143F481480007CEB7F00383F01FE6CB45A000713F0C613801B277DA622>I<140FA25C
5C5C5C5BA2EB03BFEB073F130E131C133C1338137013E0EA01C0EA038012071300120E5A
5A5A12F0B612F8A3C7EA7F00A890381FFFF8A31D277EA622>I<00181303381F801FEBFF
FE5C5C5C14C091C7FC001CC8FCA7EB7FC0381DFFF8381F80FC381E003F121CC7EA1F8015
C0A215E0A21218127C12FEA315C05A0078EB3F80A26CEB7F00381F01FE6CB45A000313F0
C613801B277DA622>I<EB07F8EB3FFE90B5FC3901FC07803903F00FC03807C01FEA0F80
121F130048EB0F8091C7FC127EA3EAFE02EB1FF0EB3FFCEB603EEB801F00FF1480903800
0FC0A24814E0A4127EA4123E003F14C07EEC1F80D80F8013003807E07E6CB45A6C5B3800
3FC01B277DA622>I<1238123E003FB512F0A34814E015C0A215803970000F00141E5C48
133814785CC6485A495A5C130749C7FCA25B131E133EA2137EA2137C13FCA41201A8EA00
701C297CA822>I<EB3FC03801FFF04813FC3807C07E48C67E001E7FEC0F80123EA2123F
138001C01300EBF01F381FFC1E6D5A380FFFF86C13E06C7F6C13FC8000077FD80F0F1380
D81E0713C0EA3E01397C007FE0141F48130F14071403A315C0127C007EEB07806CEB0F00
381FC03F380FFFFC00035B38007FC01B277DA622>I<EB7F803801FFF000077F380FC0FC
381F803E48487E007E1480A2140F00FE14C0A315E0A5007E131FA26C133F6C132F380F80
CF3807FF8F0001130FEA0008010013C0A3EC1F80123E127FEC3F00143E147E007E5B383E
03F8381FFFE06C1380D801FEC7FC1B277DA622>I<121C127FA2EAFF80A3EA7F00A2121C
C7FCA9121C127FA2EAFF80A3EA7F00A2121C091B7B9A13>I<121C127FA2EAFF80A3EA7F
00A2121CC7FCA9123C127EB4FCA21380A3127F123F1201A3EA0300A25A1206120E120C5A
5A121009277B9A13>I<007FB712C0B812E0A26C16C0CBFCAA007FB712C0B812E0A26C16
C02B127C9734>61 D<48B4FC000F13E0381E03F0383801F8387800FC00FC13FE7EA3127C
003813FCEA0001EB03F8EB07E0EB0FC01480EB1E00A25B1338A25BA790C7FCA51370EA01
FC487EA56C5AEA0070172A7CA920>63 D<EC0780A24A7EA34A7EA24A7EA3EC77F8A2ECF7
FC14E3A2903801C1FEA201037F1480A249486C7EA24980010E133FA2496D7EA2013FB57E
A39039700007F8A201F080491303000181491301A2000381D8FFFE013F13FCA32E297EA8
33>65 D<B612F815FF16C03A03F8001FE0ED0FF0ED07F8150316FCA21501A3150316F8A2
ED07F0150FED1FC0EDFF8090B5EAFE00EDFFC09039F8000FF0ED03F8ED01FC16FE1500A2
16FFA616FE1501ED03FC1507ED1FF8B712E016C0EDFE0028297DA830>I<91387FE00390
3907FFFC07011FEBFF0F90397FF00F9F9039FF0001FFD801FC7F4848147F4848143F4848
141F485A160F485A1607127FA290C9FC5AA97E7F1607123FA26C7E160E6C7E6C6C141C6C
6C143C6C6C14786CB4EB01F090397FF007C0011FB512800107EBFE009038007FF028297C
A831>I<B612FCEDFF8016E03A03FC001FF8ED03FCED00FE167FEE3F80EE1FC0A2EE0FE0
A2EE07F0A417F8AA17F0A3EE0FE0A217C0161FEE3F80EE7F005EED03FCED1FF8B75A1680
03FCC7FC2D297EA834>I<B712E0A33903FC001FED07F01501A215001670A3913801C078
1638A302031300A2140F90B5FCA3EBFC0F1403A20201130EA3161C91C7FCA3163C163816
7816F815011503151FB712F0A327297EA82C>I<B712C0A33903FC003FED0FE015031501
A21500A316F0913801C070A316001403A2140F90B5FCA3EBFC0F1403A21401A491C8FCA9
B512FCA324297EA82A>I<91387FE003903907FFFC07011FEBFF0F90397FF00F9F9039FF
0001FFD801FC7F484880484880484880485A82485A82127FA290CAFC5AA892B512F87E7F
03001300123FA26C7EA26C7E6C7E6C7E6C7E6CB45B90387FF007011FB5129F0107EBFE0F
9039007FF0032D297CA835>I<B5D8F00FB5FCA3D803FCC7EA3FC0AF90B7FCA301FCC712
3FB1B5D8F00FB5FCA330297EA835>I<B512F0A33803FC00B3B1B512F0A314297EA819>I<
B500F0EBFFFEA3D803FCC7EA0F80EE1E005E16F84B5A4B5A4B5A4BC7FC153E5D5D4A5AEC
03C0140F4A7E143F4A7E4A7E9038FDE7FCEBFFC7EC83FEEC01FF496C7F5B6F7E6F7E8215
1F6F7E6F7E8215036F7E6F138017C0B5D8F00F13FEA32F297EA835>75
D<B512FCA3D803FCC8FCB3A3ED01C0A415031680A21507A2150FA2151F157F913801FF00
B7FCA322297EA828>I<D8FFFE92383FFF80A26D5D0003EFE000A2D9BF8014EFA2D99FC0
EB01CFA2D98FE0EB038FA3D987F0EB070FA2D983F8130EA2D981FC131CA3D980FE1338A2
027F1370A291383F80E0A391381FC1C0A291380FE380A2913807F700A3EC03FEA26E5AA2
6E5AD8FFFE0203B51280A2157039297DA840>I<D8FFFEEC7FFF7FA200036DEB01C08080
EBBFF0EB9FF8EB8FFC1387EB83FE8001811380018013C0EC7FE0143FEC1FF0EC0FF815FC
EC07FEEC03FF6E138180ED7FC116E1ED3FF1ED1FF9ED0FFD1507ED03FF81A281167F163F
161F160FA2D8FFFE14071603160130297EA835>I<ECFFC0010F13FC90383F807F9039FE
001FC0D801F8EB07E048486D7E48486D7E000F8148486D7EA24848147FA2007F168090C8
123FA34816C0AA6C16806D147FA2003F1600A26C6C14FEA26C6C495A6C6C495A6C6C495A
6C6C495A6C6C495A90263FC0FFC7FC90380FFFFC010013C02A297CA833>I<B612F815FF
16C03A03FC003FE0ED07F0ED03F816FC150116FEA716FC150316F8ED07F0ED3FE090B612
80EDFE0001FCC8FCB0B512F0A327297EA82E>I<ECFFC0010F13FC90383FC0FF9039FE00
1FC048486D7ED803F0EB03F000078148486D7E48486D7EA24848147FA2007F1680A290C8
123FA24816C0AA6C16806D147FA2003F1600A26C6C14FE143E3A0FE0FF81FC3A07E1C1C1
F83A03F180E3F0D801F9EB77E0D800FFEB7FC0D93FC090C7FC90380FFFFC010015C0EC00
3C81ED1F01168316FF178081A217006F5A6F5AED00F82A357CA833>I<B612E015FE6F7E
3A03FC003FE0ED0FF06F7E6F7E150182A65E4B5A1507ED0FE0ED3FC090B500FEC7FCA290
39FC00FF80ED3FE06F7E150F821507A8170EA2ED03FC171EB539F001FE3C9238007FF8EE
0FE02F297EA832>I<9038FF80600003EBF0E0000F13F8381F80FD383F001F003E130748
1303A200FC1301A214007EA26C140013C0EA7FFCEBFFE06C13F86C13FE80000714806C14
C0C6FC010F13E0EB007FEC1FF0140F140700E01303A46C14E0A26C13076C14C0B4EB0F80
EBE03F39E3FFFE0000E15B38C01FF01C297CA825>I<007FB71280A39039807F807FD87C
00140F00781507A20070150300F016C0A2481501A5C791C7FCB3A490B612C0A32A287EA7
2F>I<B500F0EBFFFEA3D803FCC7EA0380B3A916076C6C1500A200005D6D141E6D6C5B6D
6C5B90390FF003F06DB55A01001480DA1FFCC7FC2F297EA834>I<B500F0EB7FFFA3D803
FEC7EA01C00001ED0380A26D14076C16006E5B017F140E80013F5CA26E133C011F14386E
1378010F14708001075CA26D6C485AA2ECFE0301015CECFF076D91C7FC1587EC7F8EA215
DEEC3FDC15FC6E5AA26E5AA36E5AA26E5AA230297FA833>I<B53CE07FFFE01FFFC0A328
03FC0003FCC7EA7000A26D6D7E000160A26D6E13016C604B138002801503017F5F4B13C0
D93FC0013F49C7FCA2913AE00E1FE00F011F160E17F09126F01C0F131E010F161C033C13
F8902707F838075BA2037813FC902703FC70035BA2913AFEE001FEF001015E02FF14FF4B
7E6D5EA26E486D5AA36EC76CC8FCA2023E80021E141EA242297FA845>I<EAFFE0A4EAF0
00B3B3B0EAFFE0A40B3C7AAC13>91 D<3803FF80000F13F0381F01FC383F80FE147F8015
80EA1F00C7FCA4EB3FFF3801FC3FEA0FE0EA1F80EA3F00127E5AA4145F007EEBDFC0393F
839FFC381FFE0F3803FC031E1B7E9A21>97 D<EAFFE0A3120FACEBE1FE9038EFFF809038
FE07E09038F803F09038F001F89038E000FCA2157EA2157FA8157EA315FCA29038F001F8
9038F803F090389C0FE090380FFF80390E01FC00202A7EA925>I<EB3FF03801FFFC3803
F03E380FC07FEA1F80EA3F00A248133E007E90C7FCA212FEA7127EA2127F6CEB03801380
001FEB0700380FE00E3803F83C3801FFF838003FC0191B7E9A1E>I<EC7FF0A31407ACEB
3F873801FFF73807F03F380FC00F381F8007EA3F00A2127EA312FEA8127EA27EA2381F80
0F380FC01F3907E07FFF3801FFE738007F87202A7EA925>I<EB3FC03801FFF03807E07C
48487E48487ED83F001380140F5A007E14C012FE1407A2B6FCA248C8FCA4127E127F6CEB
01C01380001F1303390FC007803903F01F003800FFFCEB3FE01A1B7E9A1F>I<EB07F8EB
3FFCEB7E3E3801FC7FEA03F813F01207143E1400A7B512C0A33807F000B3A3387FFF80A3
182A7EA915>I<9038FF80F00003EBE3F8390FC1FE1C391F007C7C48137E003EEB3E1000
7EEB3F00A6003E133E003F137E6C137C380FC1F8380BFFE00018138090C8FC1238A2123C
383FFFF814FF6C14C06C14E06C14F0121F383C0007007CEB01F8481300A4007CEB01F0A2
003FEB07E0390FC01F806CB5120038007FF01E287E9A22>I<EAFFE0A3120FAC147E9038
E1FF809038E30FC001E413E0EBE80701F813F013F0A213E0B039FFFE3FFFA3202A7DA925
>I<1207EA1FC0EA3FE0A5EA1FC0EA0700C7FCA7EAFFE0A3120FB3A3EAFFFEA30F2B7EAA
12>I<EAFFE0A3120FACEC1FFCA3EC07C0EC0F80EC1E00147C5CEBE1F0EBE3E013E713EF
EBFFF080EBFBFC13F1EBE1FEEBC0FFEC7F80143F15C0EC1FE0EC0FF0140739FFFC1FFFA3
202A7FA923>107 D<EAFFE0A3120FB3B2EAFFFEA30F2A7EA912>I<26FFC07FEB1FC0903A
C1FFC07FF0903AC307E0C1F8D80FC49038F101FC9039C803F20001D801FE7F01D05BA201
E05BB03CFFFE3FFF8FFFE0A3331B7D9A38>I<38FFC07E9038C1FF809038C30FC0D80FC4
13E0EBC80701D813F013D0A213E0B039FFFE3FFFA3201B7D9A25>I<EB3FE03801FFFC38
03F07E390FC01F80391F800FC0393F0007E0A2007EEB03F0A300FE14F8A8007E14F0A26C
EB07E0A2391F800FC0390FC01F803907F07F003801FFFC38003FE01D1B7E9A22>I<38FF
E1FE9038EFFF809038FE0FE0390FF803F09038F001F801E013FC140015FEA2157FA8157E
15FEA215FC140101F013F89038F807F09038FC0FE09038EFFF809038E1FC0001E0C7FCA9
EAFFFEA320277E9A25>I<38FFC1F0EBC7FCEBC63E380FCC7F13D813D0A2EBF03EEBE000
B0B5FCA3181B7F9A1B>114 D<3803FE30380FFFF0EA3E03EA7800127000F01370A27E00
FE1300EAFFE06CB4FC14C06C13E06C13F0000713F8C6FCEB07FC130000E0137C143C7E14
387E6C137038FF01E038E7FFC000C11300161B7E9A1B>I<13E0A41201A31203A2120712
0F381FFFE0B5FCA2380FE000AD1470A73807F0E0000313C03801FF8038007F0014267FA5
1A>I<39FFE07FF0A3000F1307B2140FA2000713173903F067FF3801FFC738007F87201B
7D9A25>I<39FFFC03FFA3390FF000F0000714E07F0003EB01C0A2EBFC0300011480EBFE
070000140013FFEB7F0EA2149EEB3F9C14FC6D5AA26D5AA36D5AA26D5AA2201B7F9A23>
I<3BFFFC7FFC1FFCA33B0FE00FE001C02607F007EB0380A201F8EBF00700031600EC0FF8
01FC5C0001150EEC1FFC2600FE1C5B15FE9039FF387E3C017F1438EC787F6D486C5A16F0
ECE01F011F5CA26D486C5AA2EC800701075CA22E1B7F9A31>I<39FFFC1FFEA33907F003
803803F8079038FC0F003801FE1E00005BEB7F3814F86D5A6D5A130F806D7E130F497EEB
3CFEEB38FFEB787F9038F03F803901E01FC0D803C013E0EB800F39FFF03FFFA3201B7F9A
23>I<39FFFC03FFA3390FF000F0000714E07F0003EB01C0A2EBFC0300011480EBFE0700
00140013FFEB7F0EA2149EEB3F9C14FC6D5AA26D5AA36D5AA26D5AA25CA21307003890C7
FCEA7C0FEAFE0E131E131C5BEA74F0EA3FE0EA0F8020277F9A23>I
E /Ft 91 127 df<127012F8B012701200A5127012F8A31270051C779B18>33
D<EA4010EAE038EAF078EAE038AAEA60300D0E7B9C18>I<EA3803387C0780130F12FE00
EE13005BA2131E133E12FEEA7C3C137C1238EA007813F8A25B1201A25B1203A25B1207EB
C380EB87C0120FEB8FE0130E121FA2121EEA3E0FEB07C0123C3818038013247E9F18>37
D<EA03C0487E487EEA1E78EA1C38A4EB7BF813F3EA1EE3000F13C0EBC38013831307001F
1300EA3F87EA7BCFEA71CEEAF1FEEAE0FCA2EB7870EAF07CEA71FE387FFFF0383FCFE038
1F03C0151C7F9B18>I<1238127C127EA2123E120EA3121E123C127812F812F012C0070E
789B18>I<137013F01201EA03C0EA0780EA0F00121E121C123C123812781270A212F05A
A87E1270A212781238123C121C121E7EEA0780EA03C0EA01F0120013700C24799F18>I<
126012F012787E7E7EEA0780120313C0120113E01200A213F01370A813F013E0A2120113
C0120313801207EA0F00121E5A5A5A12600C247C9F18>I<EA01C0A4EA41C138F1C780EA
FDDF387FFF00EA1FFCEA07F0A2EA1FFCEA7FFF38FDDF80EAF1C73841C100EA01C0A41114
7D9718>I<136013F0A7387FFFC0B512E0A26C13C03800F000A7136013147E9718>I<123C
127E127FA3123F120F120E121E127C12F81270080C788518>I<387FFFC0B512E0A26C13
C013047E8F18>I<127812FCA412780606778518>I<1303EB0780130FA214005BA2133EA2
133C137CA25BA25B1201A2485AA2485AA25B120FA248C7FCA2121E123EA25AA2127812F8
A25A126011247D9F18>I<EA01F0EA07FC487EEA1F1FEA1C0738380380007813C0EA7001
A238E000E0A9EAF001007013C0A2EA780300381380381C0700EA1F1FEA0FFE6C5AEA01F0
131C7E9B18>I<EA018012031207A2120F123F12FF12FB12631203B0EA7FFCEAFFFEEA7F
FC0F1C7B9B18>I<EA07F8EA1FFE487E387C0F80387003C038F001E01300A3C7FCA21301
14C01303EB0780EB0F00131E5B5B5BEA03E0485A485A381E00E05AEA7FFFB5FC7E131C7E
9B18>I<EA07F8EA1FFE487E387C0F80387803C01301123012001303EB0780131F3803FF
005B7F38000F80EB03C0130114E01300A212F0130114C01303387C0F80383FFF006C5AEA
07F8131C7E9B18>I<131F5B1377A213E7120113C7EA038712071307120E121E123C1238
127812F0B512F8A338000700A6EB7FF0A3151C7F9B18>I<383FFF80A30038C7FCA8EA3B
FCEA3FFE7F383E0780383803C0380001E01300A2126012F0130100E013C0EAF003387C0F
80383FFF006C5AEA07F8131C7E9B18>I<137E48B4FC00071380380FC3C0EA1F03123C38
3801800078C7FC1270A2EAF3F8EAEFFEB5FC38FE0F8038F803C0EAF00114E01300A31270
1301007813C0EA3C03381E0F80380FFF006C5AEA03F8131C7E9B18>I<12E0B512E0A338
E00380130738000F00131E5B13381378137013F05B12015BA212035BA3120790C7FCA713
1D7E9C18>I<EA03F8EA0FFE487E383E0F80EA3803387001C0A438380380EA3C07381FFF
00EA07FC487EEA1F1F383C0780387001C000F013E0EAE000A4387001C0EA7803383E0F80
381FFF006C5AEA03F8131C7E9B18>I<EA03F8EA0FFC487EEA3E0F3878078038F003C0EA
E001A214E0A312F0EA7803EA3E0FEA1FFFEA0FFEEA03F8EA000114C0A2130300301380EA
7807EB0F00133EEA3FFC6C5AEA0FE0131C7E9B18>I<127812FCA412781200A8127812FC
A412780614779318>I<123C127EA4123C1200A81238127C127EA3123E120E121E123C12
7812F01260071A789318>I<14C0EB03E01307EB1FC0EB3F80EBFE00485AEA07F0485AEA
3F8048C7FC12FCA2127F6C7EEA0FE06C7EEA01FC6C7EEB3F80EB1FC0EB07E01303EB00C0
13187E9918>I<387FFFC0B512E0A3C8FCA4B512E0A36C13C0130C7E9318>I<126012F87E
127F6C7EEA0FE06C7EEA01FC6C7EEB3F80EB1FC0EB07E0A2EB1FC0EB3F80EBFE00485AEA
07F0485AEA3F8048C7FC12FC5A126013187E9918>I<EA0FF8EA3FFE487E38F80F80EAF0
03A2130738001F00133E13FCEA01F05B485AA55BC8FCA5EA0380487EA36C5A111C7D9B18
>I<13FCEA03FE487E380F8780381E03C0EA3C3FEA387F3878FFE0EA71E313C112F3EAE3
80A6EAF3C1007113C013E33878FF8038387F00EA3C3E381E00E0EA0F83EA07FF6C138038
00FE00131C7E9B18>I<137013F8A213D8A2EA01DCA3138CEA038EA4EA0707A5380FFF80
A3EA0E03381C01C0A3387F07F000FF13F8007F13F0151C7F9B18>I<EA7FFCB5FC6C1380
381C03C01301EB00E0A4130114C01307381FFF80140014C0EA1C03EB00E014F01470A414
F014E01303387FFFC0B51280387FFE00141C7F9B18>I<3801FCE0EA03FEEA07FFEA0F07
EA1E03EA3C01EA78001270A200F013005AA87E007013E0A21278EA3C01001E13C0EA0F07
3807FF806C1300EA01FC131C7E9B18>I<EA7FF8EAFFFE6C7E381C0F80EB03C0A2EB01E0
1300A214F01470A814F014E0A2130114C01303EB0F80387FFF00485AEA7FF8141C7F9B18
>I<B512F0A3381C0070A41400A2130EA3EA1FFEA3EA1C0EA390C7FCA21438A5B512F8A3
151C7F9B18>I<B512F8A3381C0038A41400A21307A3EA1FFFA3EA1C07A390C7FCA7EAFF
C0A3151C7F9B18>I<3801F9C0EA07FF5AEA1F0FEA1C03123CEA78011270A200F0C7FC5A
A5EB0FF0131F130F38F001C0127013031278123CEA1C07EA1F0FEA0FFFEA07FDEA01F914
1C7E9B18>I<387F07F038FF8FF8387F07F0381C01C0A9EA1FFFA3EA1C01AA387F07F038
FF8FF8387F07F0151C7F9B18>I<EA7FFFB512806C1300EA01C0B3A4EA7FFFB512806C13
00111C7D9B18>I<3801FFC0A338000E00B2126012F0131E5BEA7FFC6C5AEA1FE0121C7D
9B18>I<387F07F038FF87F8387F07F0381C03C0EB078014005B131E5B133813785B121D
7F121F13BC131CEA1E1E130EEA1C0F7F1480130314C01301387F03F038FF87F8387F03F0
151C7F9B18>I<EAFFC0A3001CC7FCB114E0A5B5FCA3131C7E9B18>I<38FC01F8EAFE03A2
383B06E0A4138EA2EA398CA213DCA3EA38D8A213F81370A21300A638FE03F8A3151C7F9B
18>I<387E07F038FF0FF8387F07F0381D81C0A313C1121CA213E1A313611371A2133113
39A31319A2131D130DA3EA7F07EAFF87EA7F03151C7F9B18>I<EA0FFE383FFF804813C0
EA7803EA700100F013E0EAE000B0EAF001007013C0EA7C07EA7FFF6C1380380FFE00131C
7E9B18>I<EAFFFEEBFF8014C0EA1C03EB01E013001470A514E01301EB03C0EA1FFF1480
EBFE00001CC7FCA8B47EA3141C7F9B18>I<EA0FFE383FFF804813C0EA7803EA700100F0
13E0EAE000AE1370A2EAF079387039C0EA783FEA7FFF6C1380380FFE00EA000FEB0780A2
EB03C01301A213227E9B18>I<EA7FF8EAFFFE6C7E381C0F80130314C01301A313031480
130F381FFF005BA2EA1C0FEB07801303A5149CA3007F13FC38FF81F8387F00F0161C7F9B
18>I<3807F9C0EA1FFF5AEA7C0FEA7003EAF00112E0A290C7FC7E1278123FEA1FF0EA0F
FEEA01FF38001F80EB03C0EB01E01300A2126012E0130100F013C0EAFC07B512801400EA
E7FC131C7E9B18>I<387FFFF8B5FCA238E07038A400001300B2EA07FFA3151C7F9B18>I<
38FF83FEA3381C0070B2001E13F0000E13E0EA0F013807C7C03803FF806C1300EA007C17
1C809B18>I<38FE03F8EAFF07EAFE03383C01E0001C13C0A3EA1E03000E1380A4380707
00A4EA038EA4EA018C13DCA3EA00D813F8A21370151C7F9B18>I<38FE03F8A338700070
A36C13E0A513F8EA39FC13DCA2001913C0A3138CA2EA1D8DA31305000D1380EA0F07A2EA
0E03151C7F9B18>I<387F0FE0139F130F380E0700120FEA070E138EEA039C13DCEA01F8
A212005B137013F07F487E13DCEA039E138EEA070F7F000E13801303001E13C0387F07F0
00FF13F8007F13F0151C7F9B18>I<38FE03F8EAFF07EAFE03381C01C0EA1E03000E1380
EA0F0700071300A2EA038EA2EA01DCA3EA00F8A21370A9EA01FC487E6C5A151C7F9B18>
I<383FFFE05AA2387001C01303EB07801400C65A131E131C133C5B137013F0485A5B1203
485A90C7FC5A001E13E0121C123C5A1270B5FCA3131C7E9B18>I<EAFFF8A3EAE000B3AC
EAFFF8A30D24779F18>I<126012F07EA21278127CA27EA2121E121FA26C7EA212077FA2
6C7EA26C7EA212007FA2137CA2133C133EA27FA27F1480A21307EB030011247D9F18>I<
EAFFF8A3EA0038B3ACEAFFF8A30D247F9F18>I<387FFFC0B512E0A26C13C013047E7F18>
95 D<1206121E123E123C127812F012E0A312F812FCA2127C1238070E789E18>I<EA0FF0
EA1FFC487EEA3C1F38180780EA0003A213FF120F5AEA7F83EA780312F012E0A2EAF007EA
7C1F383FFFF8EA1FFDEA07F015147E9318>I<127E12FE127E120EA5133EEBFF80000F13
C0EBE3E0EB80F0EB00701478000E1338A5120F14781470EB80F0EBC3E0EBFFC0000E1380
38067E00151C809B18>I<EA01FEEA07FF001F1380EA3F07383C030048C7FC127012F05A
A47E1270387801C0123CEA3F07381FFF8000071300EA01FC12147D9318>I<EB1F80133F
131F1303A5EA03F3EA0FFBEA1FFFEA3E1FEA780FEA700712F0EAE003A5130712F01270EA
780FEA3E3F381FFFF0380FFBF83803E3F0151C7E9B18>I<EA03F0EA0FFC487EEA3E1F38
780780EA700300F013C0EAE001A2B5FCA300F0C7FC1270387801C0123CEA3F07381FFF80
00071300EA01FC12147D9318>I<EB1FC0EB7FE013FFEA01F1EBC0C01400A3387FFFC0B5
FCA23801C000AEEA7FFFA3131C7F9B18>I<3803F1F03807FFF85A381E1F30383C0F00EA
3807A5EA3C0FEA1E1EEA1FFC485AEA3BF00038C7FC123CEA1FFF14C04813E0387801F038
F00078481338A36C1378007813F0EA7E03383FFFE0000F13803803FE00151F7F9318>I<
127E12FE127E120EA5133FEBFF80000F13C0EBE1E013801300A2120EAA387FC7FC38FFE7
FE387FC7FC171C809B18>I<EA0380EA07C0A3EA0380C7FCA4EA7FC012FF127F1201AEB5
FCA3101D7C9C18>I<1338137CA313381300A4EA0FFCA3EA001CB3A3133CEA6038EAF078
EAFFF0EA7FE0EA3FC00E277E9C18>I<127E12FE127E120EA5EB3FF0A3EB0780EB0F0013
1E5B5B5BEA0FF87F139C131EEA0E0FEB0780130314C0387FC7F812FF127F151C7F9B18>
I<EAFFC0A31201B3A4B51280A3111C7D9B18>I<38FBE3E038FFF7F0EBFFF8383E3E38EA
3C3CA2EA3838AB38FE3E3EEB7E7EEB3E3E1714809318>I<EA7E3F38FEFF80007F13C038
0FE1E013801300A2120EAA387FC7FC38FFE7FE387FC7FC1714809318>I<EA01F0EA0FFE
487E383E0F80EA3803387001C0A238E000E0A5EAF001007013C0EA7803383C0780EA3E0F
381FFF006C5AEA01F013147E9318>I<EA7E3E38FEFF80007F13C0380FE3E0EB80F0EB00
701478000E1338A5120F14781470EB80F0EBC3E0EBFFC0000E1380EB7E0090C7FCA7EA7F
C0487E6C5A151E809318>I<3803F380EA0FFBEA1FFFEA3E1FEA780FEA700712F0EAE003
A6EAF0071270EA780FEA3E1FEA1FFFEA0FFBEA03F3EA0003A7EB1FF0EB3FF8EB1FF0151E
7E9318>I<38FF0FC0EB3FF0137FEA07F8EBE060EBC0005BA390C7FCA8EAFFFC7F5B1414
7E9318>I<EA0FF7EA3FFF5AEAF81FEAE007A212F0007CC7FCEA7FF0EA1FFCEA07FEEA00
1F38600780EAE00312F0130738FC0F00B5FC5BEAE7F811147D9318>I<487E1203A4387F
FFC0B5FCA238038000A9144014E0A21381EBC3C0EA01FF6C1380EB7E0013197F9818>I<
387E07E0EAFE0FEA7E07EA0E00AC1301EA0F073807FFFC6C13FE3801FCFC1714809318>
I<387F8FF000FF13F8007F13F0381C01C0380E0380A338070700A3138FEA038EA3EA01DC
A3EA00F8A2137015147F9318>I<38FF07F8138F1307383800E0A4381C01C0137113F9A2
13D9EA1DDD000D1380A3138DEA0F8FA23807070015147F9318>I<387F8FF0139F138F38
0F0700EA078EEA039EEA01DC13F81200137013F07FEA01DCEA039E138EEA0707000E1380
387F8FF000FF13F8007F13F015147F9318>I<387F8FF000FF13F8007F13F0380E01C0EB
0380A21207EB0700A2EA0387A2138EEA01CEA213CC120013DC1378A31370A313F05B1279
EA7BC0EA7F806CC7FC121E151E7F9318>I<383FFFF05AA2387001E0EB03C0EB07803800
0F00131E137C5B485A485AEA0780380F0070121E5A5AB512F0A314147F9318>I<EB07E0
133F137FEBFC0013E0AB1201EA7FC0485AA26C7EEA01E01200AB13FCEB7FE0133F130713
247E9F18>I<126012F0B3B012600424769F18>I<127CB47E7FEA07E01200AB7FEB7FC0EB
3FE0A2EB7FC0EBF0005BAB1207B45A5B007CC7FC13247E9F18>I<EA0E0CEA1F1EEA3FBE
EAFBF8EAF1F0EA60E00F067C9B18>I E /Fu 85 125 df<90381F83E09038F06E303901
C07878380380F8903800F03048EB7000A7B612803907007000B2383FE3FF1D20809F1B>
11 D<133FEBE0C0EA01C0380381E0EA0701A290C7FCA6B512E0EA0700B2383FC3FC1620
809F19>I<EB3FE013E0EA01C1EA0381EA0700A8B5FCEA0700B2383FE7FC1620809F19>I<
90381F81F89038F04F043901C07C06390380F80FEB00F05A0270C7FCA6B7FC3907007007
B23A3FE3FE3FE02320809F26>I<90381F81FF9038F06F073901C07C0F380380F849487E
481370A7B7FC3907007007B23A3FE3FE3FE02320809F26>I<127012F8A71270AA1220A5
1200A5127012F8A3127005217CA00D>33 D<EA7038EAF87CEAFC7EA2EA743AEA0402A3EA
0804A2EA1008A2EA2010EA40200F0E7F9F17>I<137813841201EA03021207A45BA25BA2
EA03909038A00FFC9038C001E0EC00C000011480EC0100EA02E000041302EA0870381878
0438303808EA703CEB1C10EAF00EEB0F20EB07C09038038004387001C0397802E0083938
047018391C183C303907E00FC01E227EA023>38 D<127012F812FCA212741204A31208A2
1210A212201240060E7C9F0D>I<13401380EA01005A12061204120C5AA212381230A212
701260A412E0AC1260A412701230A212381218A27E120412067E7EEA008013400A2E7BA1
12>I<7E12407E12307E1208120C7EA212077EA213801201A413C0AC1380A412031300A2
5A1206A25A120812185A12205A5A0A2E7EA112>I<127012F012F8A212781208A31210A3
1220A21240050E7C840D>44 D<EAFFF0A20C02808A0F>I<127012F8A3127005057C840D>
I<14C0A213011480A2130314005B1306A2130E130CA2131C131813381330A213701360A2
13E05B12015BA2120390C7FCA25A1206120E120CA2121C1218A21238123012701260A212
E05AA2122D7EA117>I<EA03F0EA0E1C487EEA1806EA380738700380A400F013C0AD0070
1380A3EA780700381300EA1806EA1C0E6C5AEA03F0121F7E9D17>I<13801203120F12F3
1203B3A6EA07C0EAFFFE0F1E7C9D17>I<EA03F0EA0C1CEA100E487E00401380128000F0
13C0EAF803A3EA200712001480A2EB0F00130E5B5B5B13605B485A48C7FC000613405A5A
00101380EA3FFF5AB5FC121E7E9D17>I<EA03F0EA0C1CEA100EEA200F007813801307A2
EA380F12001400A2131E131C1370EA07F0EA003C130E130FEB0780A214C0122012F8A300
F013801240EB0F00EA200EEA183CEA07F0121F7E9D17>I<1306A2130EA2131E132EA213
4E138EA2EA010E1202A212041208A212101220A2124012C0B512F038000E00A7EBFFE014
1E7F9D17>I<EA1803EA1FFE5B5B13E00010C7FCA6EA11F0EA161CEA180EEA10071480EA
0003A214C0A3127012F0A200E013801240EB0700EA20066C5AEA0838EA07E0121F7E9D17
>I<137CEA0182EA0701380E0380EA0C0712183838030090C7FC12781270A2EAF1F0EAF2
1CEAF406EAF807EB0380A200F013C0A51270A214801238EB07001218EA0C0E6C5AEA01F0
121F7E9D17>I<1240387FFFE014C0A23840008038800100A21302485AA25B5BA25BA213
60A213E05B1201A41203A76C5A131F7E9D17>I<EA03F0EA0C0CEA1006EA300338200180
1260A3127038780300123EEA3F06EA1FC8EA0FF0EA03F8487EEA0C7EEA103F38300F80EA
6007EB01C012C01300A31480EA600100201300EA1002EA0C0CEA03F0121F7E9D17>I<EA
03F0EA0E18487E487E13071270EB038012F0A214C0A5EA7007A21238EA180BEA0E13EA03
E338000380A3EB07001230EA7806130EEA700CEA2018EA1070EA0FC0121F7E9D17>I<12
7012F8A312701200AA127012F8A3127005147C930D>I<127012F8A312701200AA127012
F012F8A212781208A31210A31220A21240051D7C930D>I<007FB512F8B612FCC9FCA8B6
12FC6C14F81E0C7E9023>61 D<EA0FE0EA103CEA601EEA400EEAE00F12F0A21260EA001E
131C13381370136013C01380A2EA0100A6C7FCA5EA0380EA07C0A3EA038010207E9F15>
63 D<EB1FE0EB6018380180063802000148EB008048144039100F80203920386010EB70
103940E00808EBC0071241D8818013041283A61281EA41C012409038E00F083820701790
3838631039100F81E06CC8FC7E6C141C6C6C13F03900600F8090381FF8001E207E9F23>
I<5B497EA3497EA3EB09E0A3EB10F0A3EB2078A3497EA2EBC03EEB801EA248B5FCEB000F
A20002EB0780A348EB03C0A2120C001E14E039FF801FFE1F207F9F22>I<B512E0380F00
78141EA2801580A515005C141E147CEBFFF0EB007C141FEC0F80EC07C0140315E0A515C0
14071580EC0F00143EB512F01B1F7E9E20>I<90380FE0109038381C309038E002703803
C00139078000F048C71270121E15305A1510127C127800F81400A91278007C1410123CA2
6C1420A27E6C6C13406C6C13803900E00300EB380CEB0FF01C217E9F21>I<B512F83807
801EEC0780EC03C0EC01E0EC00F015701578A2153CA3153EA8153CA2157C1578A215F0EC
01E0EC03C0EC0780EC1E00B512F81F1F7F9E23>I<B61280380F000F14031401140015C0
1540A314401500A214C0130113FF130113001440A3EC0020A31540A315C01401EC038014
0FB6FC1B1F7E9E1F>I<B61280380780071401A2140015C01540A4EC2000A3146014E013
FF138014601420A391C7FCA87FEAFFFE1A1F7F9E1E>I<90380FE0109038381C309038E0
02703803C00139078000F048C71270121E15305A1510127C127800F81400A7EC3FFEEC01
F000781300127C123CA27EA27E6C7E3903C001703900E002309038380C1090380FF0001F
217E9F24>I<39FFF07FF8390F000780AD90B5FCEB0007AF39FFF07FF81D1F7E9E22>I<EA
FFF0EA0F00B3ABEAFFF00C1F7E9E10>I<3807FFC038003E00131EB3A3122012F8A3EAF0
1CEA403CEA6038EA1070EA0FC012207F9E17>I<39FFF007FC390F0003E0EC0180150014
025C5C5C5C5C5C49C7FC5B497E130FEB13C0EB21E01341EB80F0EB0078A28080A280EC07
80A2EC03C015E015F039FFF01FFE1F1F7E9E23>I<EAFFF8EA0F8090C7FCB21402A41406
1404A2140C141C147CB512FC171F7E9E1C>I<B46CEB07FE000715C0A2D805C0130BA2D8
04E01313A301701323A26D1343A36D1383A290380E0103A3EB0702A3EB0384A2EB01C8A3
EB00F0A21460121FD8FFE0EB7FFE271F7F9E2A>I<B4EB0FF8390F8003E0EC0080EA0BC0
EA09E0A2EA08F01378A27F7FA27FEB0780A2EB03C0EB01E0A2EB00F01478A2143C141EA2
140F1407A214031401123E38FF80001D1F7E9E22>I<EB1FE0EB70383801C00E48487E39
070003804814C0001EEB01E048EB00F0A2007C14F8A20078147800F8147CA90078147800
7C14F8A2003C14F0003E1301001E14E06CEB03C06C148039038007003801E01E38007038
EB1FE01E217E9F23>I<B512E0380F007C141E80EC0780A215C0A41580A2EC0F00141E14
7CEBFFE090C8FCAEEAFFF01A1F7E9E1F>I<B57E380F00F0143C8080A21580A41500A214
1E5C14F0EBFF80EB01C0EB0070A280143CA3143EA31504143F141FEC0F0839FFF00788C7
EA01F01E207E9E21>82 D<3803F040380C0CC0EA1803EA3001EA6000A212E01440A36C13
007E127CEA7F80EA3FF86CB4FC00071380C613C0EB1FE013031301EB00F014707EA46C13
6014E06C13C038F8018038C60300EA81FC14217E9F19>I<007FB512E038780F010060EB
006000401420A200C0143000801410A400001400B3497E3803FFFC1C1F7E9E21>I<39FF
F00FF8390F0003E0EC0080B3A46CEB01001380120314026C6C5A6C6C5AEB3830EB0FC01D
207E9E22>I<39FFF003FE391F8000F86CC7126015206C6C1340A36C6C1380A2EBE00100
011400A23800F002A213F8EB7804A26D5AA36D5AA2131F6D5AA2EB07C0A36D5AA36DC7FC
1F207F9E22>I<3BFFF07FF81FF03B1F000FC007C06C903907800180170015C001805C00
071502EC09E013C000035DEC19F01410D801E05CA2EC2078D800F05CA2EC403C01785CA2
EC801E017C1460013C144090383D000F133F6D5CA2011E1307010E91C7FCA2010C7F0104
13022C207F9E2F>I<397FF81FF8390FE007C03907C0030000031302EBE0063801F00400
005BEBF818EB78106D5AEB3E60EB1E406D5AA213076D7E497E1305EB08F0EB18F8EB1078
EB207CEB603EEB401EEB801F3901000F801407000214C000061303001FEB07E039FFC01F
FE1F1F7F9E22>I<39FFF001FF391F800078000F146012076D1340000314807F3901F001
001200EBF802EB7C06EB3C04EB3E08131EEB1F10EB0FB0EB07A014E06D5AACEB3FFC201F
7F9E22>I<12FFA212C0B3B3A512FFA2082D7CA10D>91 D<EA0804EA1008EA2010A2EA40
20A2EA8040A3EAB85CEAFC7EA2EA7C3EEA381C0F0E7A9F17>I<12FFA21203B3B3A512FF
A2082D80A10D>I<120812101220A21240A21280A312B812FCA2127C1238060E7D9F0D>
96 D<EA1FE0EA3030EA7818131CEA300E1200A313FEEA078EEA1E0E1238127800F01310
A3131E127838386720380F83C014147E9317>I<121C12FC121CAA137CEA1D87381E0180
EB00C0001C13E01470A21478A6147014F014E0001E13C0381A018038198700EA107C1520
7E9F19>I<EA01FCEA0706EA1C0F123813060078C7FC127012F0A61270127800381380A2
381C0100EA0706EA01F811147F9314>I<EB01C0130F1301AAEA01F1EA070DEA0C03EA18
0112381278127012F0A61270A21238EA1803120CEA070D3801F1F815207F9F19>I<EA03
F0EA0E1C487E487EA21270EB038012F0A2B5FC00F0C7FCA31270A26C1380A2381C0100EA
0706EA01F811147F9314>I<137CEA01C6EA030F1207EA0E061300A7EAFFF0EA0E00B2EA
7FE01020809F0E>I<14E03803E330EA0E3CEA1C1C38380E00EA780FA5EA380E6C5AEA1E
38EA33E00020C7FCA21230A2EA3FFE381FFF8014C0383001E038600070481330A4006013
606C13C0381C03803803FC00141F7F9417>I<121C12FC121CAA137C1386EA1D03001E13
80A2121CAE38FF8FF014207E9F19>I<1238127CA31238C7FCA6121C12FC121CB1EAFF80
091F7F9E0C>I<13E0EA01F0A3EA00E01300A61370EA07F012001370B3A31260EAF06013
C0EA6180EA3F000C28829E0E>I<121C12FC121CAAEB1FE0EB0780EB060013045B5B5B13
6013E0EA1DF0EA1E70EA1C38133C131C7F130F7F148014C038FF9FF014207E9F18>I<12
1C12FC121CB3ABEAFF8009207F9F0C>I<391C3E03E039FCC30C30391D039038391E01E0
1CA2001C13C0AE3AFF8FF8FF8021147E9326>I<EA1C7CEAFC86EA1D03001E1380A2121C
AE38FF8FF014147E9319>I<EA01F8EA070E381C0380383801C0A2387000E0A200F013F0
A6007013E0A2383801C0A2381C038038070E00EA01F814147F9317>I<EA1C7CEAFD8738
1E018014C0381C00E014F014701478A6147014F014E0381E01C0EB0380381D8700EA1C7C
90C7FCA8B47E151D7E9319>I<3801F04038070CC0EA0E02EA1C03EA38011278127012F0
A6127012781238EA1C03EA0C05EA0709EA01F1EA0001A8EB0FF8151D7F9318>I<EA1CF0
EAFD18EA1E3CA21318EA1C00AEEAFFC00E147E9312>I<EA0FC8EA3038EA6018EAC008A3
EAE000127CEA3FE0EA1FF0EA07F8EA003CEA800E130612C0A21304EAE00CEAD818EA87E0
0F147F9312>I<1202A31206A2120EA2123EEAFFF8EA0E00AB1304A5EA07081203EA01F0
0E1C7F9B12>I<381C0380EAFC1FEA1C03AE1307120CEA061B3803E3F014147E9319>I<38
FF83F8383E00E0001C13C06C1380A338070100A21383EA0382A2EA01C4A213E4EA00E8A2
1370A3132015147F9318>I<39FF9FE1FC393C078070391C030060EC8020000E1440A214
C0D80704138014E0A239038861001471A23801D032143A143E3800E01CA2EB6018EB4008
1E147F9321>I<38FF87F8381E03C0380E0180EB0300EA0702EA0384EA01C813D8EA00F0
1370137813F8139CEA010E1202EA060738040380000C13C0003C13E038FE07FC16147F93
18>I<38FF83F8383E00E0001C13C06C1380A338070100A21383EA0382A2EA01C4A213E4
EA00E8A21370A31320A25BA3EAF080A200F1C7FC1262123C151D7F9318>I<EA7FFFEA70
0E1260EA401C133813781370EA00E0120113C0EA038012071301120E121EEA1C03EA3802
EA7006130EEAFFFE10147F9314>I<B812F02C01808C2D>124 D E
/Fv 7 116 df<B600F80107B512E0A426007FF0C83807E000725AB3B3A21807013F5F80
A2011F160F6E93C7FC010F5E6D6C153E606D6C5D6D01C013036D01F0EB0FF0DA3FFEEBFF
C06EB65A02074AC8FC020014F8030F1380433C7DBA4A>85 D<EE3F80ED3FFFA4150181B0
ECFF80010F13F0013F13FC9038FFC03F48EB000FD807FC7F48487F497F001F80485AA212
7F5BA212FFAA127FA27F123FA26C6C5BA26C6C5B6C6C130F6C6C4913C02700FF807E13FE
90387FFFF8010F13E0010113002F3C7DBB36>100 D<161FD907FEEBFFC090383FFFC390
B538F7CFE03A03FE07FF0F3907F801FE390FF000FFEE07C0484890387F8380EE8000003F
81A7001F5DA26C6C49C7FCA26C6C485A3903FE07FC48B512F0013F13C0260E07FEC8FC90
CAFCA2120F5A7F6C7E90B512F8EDFF8016E06C15F8826C81A2000F81393FC0000F484801
01138090C8127F12FE163FA46C157F6C16006D5C6C6C495AD81FF0EB07FCD807FEEB3FF0
0001B612C06C6C91C7FC010713F02B397DA630>103 D<EA03F0487E487E487EA66C5A6C
5A6C5AC8FCAB13FE127FA412071203B3AAB512F0A4143D7DBC1A>105
D<13FE12FFA412071203B3B3AEB512F8A4153C7DBB1A>108 D<D801FCEBFF8000FF0103
13F0020F13FC91383E07FEEC78030007496C7E000313E09026FDC0001380EBFF80A291C7
FCA25BB3A4B5D8F83F13FEA42F267CA536>110 D<90383FF0383903FFFE78000FEBFFF8
381FC00F383F0003007E1301007C130012FC1578A27E6C140013C013FC387FFFF014FE6C
EBFF806C14C06C14F0000314F8C6FC011F13FCEB007FEC07FE00F0130114007E157EA27E
6C147C15FC6C14F8EB80019038F00FF000F9B512C0D8F07F130038E01FF81F267DA526>
115 D E end
%%EndProlog
%%BeginSetup
%%Feature: *Resolution 300dpi
TeXDict begin
%%PaperSize: a4
%%EndSetup
%%Page: 1 1
1 0 bop 75 901 a Fv(Using)34 b(ld)p 75 951 1800 17 v
1551 999 a Fu(The)16 b(GNU)f(link)o(er)1635 1107 y Ft(ld)g
Fu(v)o(ersion)g(2)1609 1161 y(Jan)o(uary)g(1994)75 2675
y Fs(Stev)n(e)23 b(Cham)n(b)r(erlain)75 2741 y(Cygn)n(us)f(Supp)r(ort)p
75 2778 1800 9 v eop
%%Page: 2 2
2 1 bop 1553 446 a Fu(Cygn)o(us)15 b(Supp)q(ort)1153
500 y(stev)o(e@cygn)o(us.com,)g(do)q(c@cygn)o(us.com)1346
555 y Fr(Using)g(LD,)h(the)h(GNU)f(linker)978 610 y Fu(Edited)g(b)o(y)f
(Je\013rey)g(Osier)h(\(je\013rey@cygn)o(us.com\))75 2448
y(Cop)o(yrigh)o(t)301 2447 y(c)289 2448 y Fq(\015)f Fu(1991,)f(92,)g
(93,)g(94,)h(95,)f(96,)g(97,)g(1998)g(F)l(ree)i(Soft)o(w)o(are)d(F)l
(oundation,)i(Inc.)75 2515 y(P)o(ermission)i(is)f(gran)o(ted)g(to)f
(mak)o(e)h(and)g(distribute)i(v)o(erbatim)d(copies)i(of)f(this)h(man)o
(ual)f(pro)o(vided)h(the)75 2570 y(cop)o(yrigh)o(t)e(notice)h(and)f
(this)h(p)q(ermission)g(notice)g(are)f(preserv)o(ed)h(on)f(all)h
(copies.)75 2637 y(P)o(ermission)k(is)f(gran)o(ted)g(to)f(cop)o(y)h
(and)g(distribute)i(mo)q(di\014ed)f(v)o(ersions)g(of)e(this)i(man)o
(ual)f(under)h(the)75 2692 y(conditions)i(for)f(v)o(erbatim)f(cop)o
(ying,)j(pro)o(vided)f(also)f(that)f(the)h(en)o(tire)g(resulting)h
(deriv)o(ed)g(w)o(ork)e(is)75 2747 y(distributed)d(under)f(the)f(terms)
g(of)f(a)h(p)q(ermission)i(notice)f(iden)o(tical)h(to)d(this)i(one.)75
2814 y(P)o(ermission)h(is)g(gran)o(ted)f(to)g(cop)o(y)h(and)f
(distribute)i(translations)f(of)f(this)h(man)o(ual)g(in)o(to)f(another)
g(lan-)75 2869 y(guage,)e(under)i(the)g(ab)q(o)o(v)o(e)e(conditions)j
(for)d(mo)q(di\014ed)j(v)o(ersions.)p eop
%%Page: 1 3
1 2 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(1:)k(Ov)o(erview)1360
b(1)75 391 y Fp(1)41 b(Ov)n(erview)75 508 y Ft(ld)16
b Fu(com)o(bines)i(a)e(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)h(of)f(ob)s(ject)g(and)h(arc)o
(hiv)o(e)g(\014les,)h(relo)q(cates)f(their)g(data)f(and)g(ties)h(up)h
(sym)o(b)q(ol)75 563 y(references.)j(Usually)16 b(the)f(last)g(step)h
(in)g(compiling)h(a)d(program)h(is)g(to)g(run)g Ft(ld)p
Fu(.)75 630 y Ft(ld)i Fu(accepts)h(Link)o(er)g(Command)f(Language)h
(\014les)g(written)g(in)g(a)f(sup)q(erset)h(of)f(A)l(T&T's)g(Link)i
(Editor)75 685 y(Command)c(Language)g(syn)o(tax,)f(to)h(pro)o(vide)g
(explicit)j(and)d(total)g(con)o(trol)f(o)o(v)o(er)h(the)g(linking)i
(pro)q(cess.)75 752 y(This)g(v)o(ersion)g(of)f Ft(ld)g
Fu(uses)h(the)f(general)h(purp)q(ose)g(BFD)f(libraries)i(to)e(op)q
(erate)g(on)h(ob)s(ject)f(\014les.)24 b(This)75 807 y(allo)o(ws)16
b Ft(ld)g Fu(to)f(read,)h(com)o(bine,)h(and)f(write)g(ob)s(ject)f
(\014les)i(in)g(man)o(y)f(di\013eren)o(t)g(formats|for)e(example,)75
862 y(COFF)f(or)g Ft(a.out)p Fu(.)19 b(Di\013eren)o(t)14
b(formats)e(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)h(link)o(ed)i(together)d(to)g(pro)q(duce)i
(an)o(y)e(a)o(v)m(ailable)j(kind)e(of)75 916 y(ob)s(ject)h(\014le.)21
b(See)15 b(Chapter)g(5)g([BFD],)f(page)h(47,)f(for)h(more)f
(information.)75 984 y(Aside)21 b(from)f(its)g(\015exibilit)o(y)l(,)k
(the)c Fo(gnu)g Fu(link)o(er)h(is)g(more)f(helpful)i(than)e(other)g
(link)o(ers)h(in)g(pro)o(viding)75 1038 y(diagnostic)e(information.)30
b(Man)o(y)18 b(link)o(ers)i(abandon)f(execution)h(immediately)g(up)q
(on)f(encoun)o(tering)75 1093 y(an)f(error;)g(whenev)o(er)g(p)q
(ossible,)i Ft(ld)d Fu(con)o(tin)o(ues)h(executing,)h(allo)o(wing)g(y)o
(ou)e(to)g(iden)o(tify)i(other)f(errors)75 1148 y(\(or,)c(in)i(some)f
(cases,)g(to)f(get)h(an)g(output)g(\014le)h(in)g(spite)g(of)f(the)g
(error\).)p eop
%%Page: 2 4
2 3 bop 75 149 a Fu(2)1250 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)p
eop
%%Page: 3 5
3 4 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(2:)k(In)o(v)o(o)q(cation)1337
b(3)75 391 y Fp(2)41 b(In)n(v)n(o)r(cation)75 498 y Fu(The)17
b Fo(gnu)f Fu(link)o(er)h Ft(ld)f Fu(is)h(mean)o(t)f(to)g(co)o(v)o(er)f
(a)h(broad)g(range)g(of)g(situations,)h(and)f(to)g(b)q(e)h(as)f
(compatible)75 553 y(as)f(p)q(ossible)i(with)e(other)g(link)o(ers.)21
b(As)15 b(a)g(result,)g(y)o(ou)g(ha)o(v)o(e)g(man)o(y)g(c)o(hoices)h
(to)e(con)o(trol)h(its)h(b)q(eha)o(vior.)75 675 y Fs(2.1)33
b(Command)22 b(Line)h(Options)75 770 y Fu(The)14 b(link)o(er)h(supp)q
(orts)f(a)f(plethora)h(of)g(command-line)h(options,)f(but)g(in)h
(actual)f(practice)g(few)g(of)f(them)75 824 y(are)j(used)h(in)g(an)o(y)
f(particular)i(con)o(text.)46 b(F)l(or)16 b(instance,)h(a)g(frequen)o
(t)f(use)h(of)f Ft(ld)g Fu(is)h(to)f(link)h(standard)75
879 y(Unix)h(ob)s(ject)f(\014les)i(on)e(a)g(standard,)h(supp)q(orted)g
(Unix)g(system.)27 b(On)18 b(suc)o(h)f(a)h(system,)f(to)g(link)i(a)e
(\014le)75 934 y Ft(hello.o)p Fu(:)195 996 y Ft(ld)24
b(-o)f Fn(output)i Ft(/lib/crt0.o)d(hello.o)h(-lc)75
1061 y Fu(This)18 b(tells)h Ft(ld)f Fu(to)f(pro)q(duce)i(a)e(\014le)i
(called)g Fn(output)g Fu(as)e(the)h(result)h(of)e(linking)j(the)e
(\014le)h Ft(/lib/crt0.o)75 1116 y Fu(with)13 b Ft(hello.o)e
Fu(and)i(the)g(library)g Ft(libc.a)p Fu(,)f(whic)o(h)h(will)h(come)f
(from)e(the)i(standard)f(searc)o(h)g(directories.)75
1171 y(\(See)j(the)h(discussion)h(of)d(the)i(`)p Ft(-l)p
Fu(')e(option)h(b)q(elo)o(w.\))75 1236 y(The)k(command-line)h(options)e
(to)g Ft(ld)f Fu(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(in)g(an)o(y)d
(order,)i(and)f(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)h(rep)q(eated)g(at)75
1291 y(will.)i(Rep)q(eating)15 b(most)d(options)i(with)f(a)h
(di\013eren)o(t)f(argumen)o(t)g(will)i(either)f(ha)o(v)o(e)f(no)g
(further)g(e\013ect,)g(or)75 1346 y(o)o(v)o(erride)k(prior)g(o)q
(ccurrences)i(\(those)d(further)h(to)g(the)g(left)g(on)g(the)h(command)
f(line\))h(of)f(that)f(option.)75 1401 y(Options)f(whic)o(h)h(ma)o(y)e
(b)q(e)h(meaningfully)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(more)d(than)h(once)g(are)f
(noted)g(in)i(the)f(descriptions)75 1455 y(b)q(elo)o(w.)75
1521 y(Non-option)i(argumen)o(ts)e(are)i(ob)s(jects)e(\014les)j(whic)o
(h)f(are)f(to)g(b)q(e)h(link)o(ed)h(together.)23 b(They)16
b(ma)o(y)g(follo)o(w,)75 1576 y(precede,)k(or)e(b)q(e)h(mixed)h(in)f
(with)g(command-line)i(options,)e(except)g(that)f(an)g(ob)s(ject)g
(\014le)i(argumen)o(t)75 1630 y(ma)o(y)14 b(not)h(b)q(e)h(placed)h(b)q
(et)o(w)o(een)e(an)g(option)h(and)f(its)g(argumen)o(t.)75
1696 y(Usually)i(the)g(link)o(er)g(is)g(in)o(v)o(ok)o(ed)f(with)g(at)g
(least)g(one)h(ob)s(ject)e(\014le,)i(but)f(y)o(ou)g(can)h(sp)q(ecify)g
(other)f(forms)75 1750 y(of)f(binary)h(input)h(\014les)f(using)g(`)p
Ft(-l)p Fu(',)f(`)p Ft(-R)p Fu(',)f(and)h(the)h(script)g(command)f
(language.)21 b(If)16 b Fn(no)i Fu(binary)e(input)75
1805 y(\014les)f(at)e(all)i(are)f(sp)q(eci\014ed,)i(the)e(link)o(er)h
(do)q(es)f(not)g(pro)q(duce)h(an)o(y)e(output,)h(and)g(issues)h(the)f
(message)g(`)p Ft(No)75 1860 y(input)g(files)p Fu('.)75
1925 y(If)h(the)g(link)o(er)i(can)e(not)f(recognize)i(the)g(format)d
(of)i(an)g(ob)s(ject)f(\014le,)i(it)f(will)i(assume)e(that)f(it)h(is)h
(a)f(link)o(er)75 1980 y(script.)36 b(A)20 b(script)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)i
(in)e(this)g(w)o(a)o(y)e(augmen)o(ts)h(the)g(main)h(link)o(er)h(script)
e(used)h(for)f(the)h(link)75 2035 y(\(either)e(the)g(default)g(link)o
(er)h(script)f(or)f(the)h(one)g(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(b)o(y)d(using)i(`)p
Ft(-T)p Fu('\).)29 b(This)19 b(feature)f(p)q(ermits)75
2090 y(the)f(link)o(er)i(to)e(link)i(against)e(a)g(\014le)h(whic)o(h)g
(app)q(ears)g(to)f(b)q(e)h(an)f(ob)s(ject)g(or)g(an)g(arc)o(hiv)o(e,)h
(but)f(actually)75 2144 y(merely)d(de\014nes)g(some)e(sym)o(b)q(ol)i(v)
m(alues,)g(or)f(uses)g Ft(INPUT)f Fu(or)h Ft(GROUP)f
Fu(to)g(load)i(other)e(ob)s(jects.)19 b(Note)13 b(that)75
2199 y(sp)q(ecifying)20 b(a)f(script)g(in)g(this)g(w)o(a)o(y)f(should)h
(only)g(b)q(e)h(used)f(to)f(augmen)o(t)g(the)g(main)h(link)o(er)h
(script;)g(if)75 2254 y(y)o(ou)14 b(w)o(an)o(t)g(to)g(use)i(some)e
(command)h(that)f(logically)i(can)f(only)h(app)q(ear)f(once,)g(suc)o(h)
g(as)f(the)h Ft(SECTIONS)75 2309 y Fu(or)h Ft(MEMORY)f
Fu(command,)i(y)o(ou)f(m)o(ust)f(replace)j(the)e(default)h(link)o(er)h
(script)f(using)g(the)f(`)p Ft(-T)p Fu(')g(option.)23
b(See)75 2364 y(Chapter)15 b(3)g([Commands],)e(page)i(19.)75
2429 y(F)l(or)i(options)h(whose)f(names)h(are)f(a)g(single)i(letter,)f
(option)g(argumen)o(ts)f(m)o(ust)g(either)h(follo)o(w)g(the)g(op-)75
2484 y(tion)d(letter)h(without)f(in)o(terv)o(ening)h(whitespace,)g(or)f
(b)q(e)h(giv)o(en)f(as)g(separate)g(argumen)o(ts)f(immediately)75
2538 y(follo)o(wing)i(the)f(option)h(that)e(requires)i(them.)75
2604 y(F)l(or)c(options)i(whose)e(names)h(are)g(m)o(ultiple)i(letters,)
e(either)h(one)f(dash)g(or)g(t)o(w)o(o)e(can)j(precede)g(the)f(option)
75 2658 y(name;)19 b(for)e(example,)h(`)p Ft(--oformat)p
Fu(')e(and)i(`)p Ft(--oformat)p Fu(')d(are)j(equiv)m(alen)o(t.)29
b(Argumen)o(ts)17 b(to)g(m)o(ultiple-)75 2713 y(letter)d(options)f(m)o
(ust)g(either)h(b)q(e)g(separated)f(from)g(the)g(option)h(name)f(b)o(y)
g(an)h(equals)g(sign,)g(or)e(b)q(e)i(giv)o(en)75 2768
y(as)i(separate)f(argumen)o(ts)h(immediately)h(follo)o(wing)g(the)g
(option)f(that)f(requires)i(them.)23 b(F)l(or)15 b(example,)75
2823 y(`)p Ft(--oformat)f(srec)p Fu(')c(and)i(`)p Ft(--oformat=srec)p
Fu(')d(are)i(equiv)m(alen)o(t.)20 b(Unique)13 b(abbreviations)f(of)f
(the)h(names)75 2878 y(of)j(m)o(ultiple-letter)i(options)e(are)g
(accepted.)p eop
%%Page: 4 6
4 5 bop 75 149 a Fu(4)1250 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)75
391 y Ft(-a)p Fn(k)o(eyw)o(ord)315 446 y Fu(This)21 b(option)g(is)g
(supp)q(orted)h(for)e(HP/UX)g(compatibilit)o(y)l(.)38
b(The)21 b Fn(k)o(eyw)o(ord)h Fu(argumen)o(t)315 500
y(m)o(ust)c(b)q(e)h(one)f(of)g(the)h(strings)f(`)p Ft(archive)p
Fu(',)f(`)p Ft(shared)p Fu(',)g(or)h(`)p Ft(default)p
Fu('.)27 b(`)p Ft(-aarchive)p Fu(')16 b(is)315 555 y(functionally)22
b(equiv)m(alen)o(t)g(to)d(`)p Ft(-Bstatic)p Fu(',)g(and)i(the)f(other)f
(t)o(w)o(o)g(k)o(eyw)o(ords)g(are)h(func-)315 610 y(tionally)g(equiv)m
(alen)o(t)h(to)e(`)p Ft(-Bdynamic)p Fu('.)30 b(This)20
b(option)f(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)h(used)g(an)o(y)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(of)315
665 y(times.)75 785 y Ft(-A)p Fn(arc)o(hitecture)75 840
y Ft(--architecture=)p Fn(arc)o(hitecture)315 895 y Fu(In)f(the)e
(curren)o(t)h(release)h(of)e Ft(ld)p Fu(,)h(this)g(option)g(is)h
(useful)g(only)f(for)f(the)h(In)o(tel)h(960)e(family)315
949 y(of)f(arc)o(hitectures.)21 b(In)16 b(that)f Ft(ld)g
Fu(con\014guration,)h(the)f Fn(arc)o(hitecture)k Fu(argumen)o(t)14
b(iden)o(ti\014es)315 1004 y(the)22 b(particular)g(arc)o(hitecture)g
(in)h(the)f(960)f(family)l(,)j(enabling)f(some)f(safeguards)f(and)315
1059 y(mo)q(difying)14 b(the)f(arc)o(hiv)o(e-library)h(searc)o(h)f
(path.)19 b(See)13 b(Section)h(4.2)e([)p Ft(ld)g Fu(and)h(the)g(In)o
(tel)h(960)315 1114 y(family],)h(page)g(45,)f(for)h(details.)315
1201 y(F)l(uture)j(releases)g(of)g Ft(ld)f Fu(ma)o(y)g(supp)q(ort)h
(similar)h(functionalit)o(y)g(for)e(other)h(arc)o(hitecture)315
1256 y(families.)75 1377 y Ft(-b)d Fn(input-format)75
1431 y Ft(--format=)p Fn(input-format)315 1486 y Ft(ld)e
Fu(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)h(con\014gured)h(to)e(supp)q(ort)h(more)g(than)f(one)
h(kind)h(of)f(ob)s(ject)f(\014le.)20 b(If)13 b(y)o(our)g
Ft(ld)f Fu(is)315 1541 y(con\014gured)h(this)g(w)o(a)o(y)l(,)f(y)o(ou)h
(can)g(use)g(the)g(`)p Ft(-b)p Fu(')e(option)i(to)f(sp)q(ecify)i(the)f
(binary)g(format)f(for)315 1596 y(input)17 b(ob)s(ject)f(\014les)h
(that)f(follo)o(w)h(this)f(option)h(on)f(the)h(command)f(line.)25
b(Ev)o(en)16 b(when)h Ft(ld)315 1651 y Fu(is)h(con\014gured)f(to)g
(supp)q(ort)g(alternativ)o(e)g(ob)s(ject)f(formats,)g(y)o(ou)h(don't)f
(usually)j(need)f(to)315 1705 y(sp)q(ecify)d(this,)g(as)f
Ft(ld)f Fu(should)j(b)q(e)e(con\014gured)h(to)f(exp)q(ect)h(as)e(a)h
(default)h(input)g(format)e(the)315 1760 y(most)h(usual)h(format)f(on)g
(eac)o(h)h(mac)o(hine.)21 b Fn(input-format)15 b Fu(is)h(a)e(text)g
(string,)h(the)g(name)f(of)315 1815 y(a)g(particular)g(format)f(supp)q
(orted)h(b)o(y)g(the)g(BFD)f(libraries.)21 b(\(Y)l(ou)14
b(can)g(list)g(the)g(a)o(v)m(ailable)315 1870 y(binary)i(formats)e
(with)h(`)p Ft(objdump)f(-i)p Fu('.\))19 b(See)d(Chapter)f(5)f([BFD],)g
(page)h(47.)315 1957 y(Y)l(ou)f(ma)o(y)g(w)o(an)o(t)f(to)h(use)g(this)h
(option)f(if)h(y)o(ou)f(are)g(linking)i(\014les)f(with)g(an)f(un)o
(usual)h(binary)315 2012 y(format.)j(Y)l(ou)d(can)g(also)f(use)h(`)p
Ft(-b)p Fu(')e(to)h(switc)o(h)h(formats)e(explicitly)k(\(when)e
(linking)i(ob)s(ject)315 2067 y(\014les)h(of)f(di\013eren)o(t)g
(formats\),)e(b)o(y)i(including)j(`)p Ft(-b)15 b Fn(input-format)q
Fu(')h(b)q(efore)h(eac)o(h)h(group)e(of)315 2122 y(ob)s(ject)f(\014les)
h(in)g(a)f(particular)h(format.)315 2209 y(The)21 b(default)g(format)e
(is)j(tak)o(en)e(from)g(the)g(en)o(vironmen)o(t)h(v)m(ariable)h
Ft(GNUTARGET)p Fu(.)35 b(See)315 2264 y(Section)24 b(2.2)e([En)o
(vironmen)o(t],)h(page)g(17.)42 b(Y)l(ou)24 b(can)f(also)f(de\014ne)i
(the)f(input)h(format)315 2319 y(from)13 b(a)f(script,)i(using)g(the)g
(command)f Ft(TARGET)p Fu(;)f(see)i(Section)g(3.8)f([Option)g
(Commands],)315 2374 y(page)i(40.)75 2494 y Ft(-c)g Fn
(MRI-command\014le)75 2549 y Ft(--mri-script=)p Fn(MRI-command\014le)
315 2604 y Fu(F)l(or)e(compatibilit)o(y)j(with)f(link)o(ers)g(pro)q
(duced)g(b)o(y)f(MRI,)g Ft(ld)g Fu(accepts)g(script)h(\014les)g
(written)315 2658 y(in)i(an)f(alternate,)g(restricted)h(command)f
(language,)h(describ)q(ed)h(in)f(App)q(endix)h(A)f([MRI)315
2713 y(Compatible)h(Script)g(Files],)f(page)g(55.)25
b(In)o(tro)q(duce)18 b(MRI)g(script)f(\014les)h(with)g(the)f(option)315
2768 y(`)p Ft(-c)p Fu(';)k(use)f(the)g(`)p Ft(-T)p Fu(')f(option)i(to)e
(run)h(link)o(er)h(scripts)g(written)f(in)h(the)f(general-purp)q(ose)
315 2823 y Ft(ld)g Fu(scripting)h(language.)36 b(If)20
b Fn(MRI-cmd\014le)25 b Fu(do)q(es)c(not)f(exist,)h Ft(ld)f
Fu(lo)q(oks)h(for)e(it)i(in)g(the)315 2878 y(directories)16
b(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(b)o(y)d(an)o(y)g(`)p Ft(-L)p Fu(')f(options.)p
eop
%%Page: 5 7
5 6 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(2:)k(In)o(v)o(o)q(cation)1337
b(5)75 391 y Ft(-d)75 446 y(-dc)75 500 y(-dp)168 b Fu(These)18
b(three)f(options)h(are)f(equiv)m(alen)o(t;)j(m)o(ultiple)g(forms)c
(are)h(supp)q(orted)i(for)d(compat-)315 555 y(ibilit)o(y)24
b(with)e(other)f(link)o(ers.)41 b(They)22 b(assign)g(space)g(to)f
(common)h(sym)o(b)q(ols)g(ev)o(en)g(if)g(a)315 610 y(relo)q(catable)f
(output)g(\014le)g(is)g(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(\(with)d(`)p
Ft(-r)p Fu('\).)34 b(The)21 b(script)g(command)f Ft(FORCE_)315
665 y(COMMON_ALLOCATION)13 b Fu(has)i(the)g(same)g(e\013ect.)20
b(See)c(Section)g(3.8)f([Option)g(Commands],)315 720
y(page)g(40.)75 796 y Ft(-e)g Fn(en)o(try)75 851 y Ft(--entry=)p
Fn(en)o(try)315 906 y Fu(Use)c Fn(en)o(try)j Fu(as)c(the)h(explicit)i
(sym)o(b)q(ol)e(for)f(b)q(eginning)j(execution)f(of)e(y)o(our)g
(program,)h(rather)315 961 y(than)21 b(the)g(default)h(en)o(try)f(p)q
(oin)o(t.)39 b(See)21 b(Section)i(3.6)d([En)o(try)g(P)o(oin)o(t],)i
(page)f(37,)h(for)e(a)315 1015 y(discussion)d(of)e(defaults)g(and)h
(other)f(w)o(a)o(ys)f(of)g(sp)q(ecifying)k(the)d(en)o(try)g(p)q(oin)o
(t.)75 1092 y Ft(-E)75 1147 y(--export-dynamic)315 1201
y Fu(When)d(creating)g(a)g(dynamically)h(link)o(ed)h(executable,)f(add)
f(all)h(sym)o(b)q(ols)f(to)f(the)h(dynamic)315 1256 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)i
(table.)19 b(The)14 b(dynamic)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(table)f(is)h(the)f(set)g
(of)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)h(whic)o(h)g(are)f(visible)315 1311
y(from)h(dynamic)j(ob)s(jects)d(at)h(run)g(time.)315
1377 y(If)h(y)o(ou)g(do)g(not)g(use)g(this)g(option,)h(the)f(dynamic)h
(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(table)g(will)i(normally)f(con)o(tain)315
1432 y(only)e(those)f(sym)o(b)q(ols)g(whic)o(h)h(are)f(referenced)h(b)o
(y)g(some)e(dynamic)j(ob)s(ject)d(men)o(tioned)i(in)315
1486 y(the)g(link.)315 1552 y(If)j(y)o(ou)g(use)g Ft(dlopen)f
Fu(to)g(load)h(a)g(dynamic)g(ob)s(ject)g(whic)o(h)g(needs)h(to)e(refer)
h(bac)o(k)g(to)f(the)315 1607 y(sym)o(b)q(ols)e(de\014ned)h(b)o(y)f
(the)g(program,)f(rather)g(than)h(some)f(other)h(dynamic)h(ob)s(ject,)e
(then)315 1662 y(y)o(ou)h(will)i(probably)f(need)g(to)e(use)i(this)f
(option)h(when)f(linking)j(the)d(program)f(itself.)75
1738 y Ft(-f)75 1793 y(--auxiliary)g Fn(name)315 1848
y Fu(When)19 b(creating)f(an)g(ELF)g(shared)h(ob)s(ject,)f(set)g(the)g
(in)o(ternal)h(DT)p 1500 1848 14 2 v 16 w(A)o(UXILIAR)l(Y)i(\014eld)315
1903 y(to)c(the)g(sp)q(eci\014ed)j(name.)27 b(This)18
b(tells)g(the)g(dynamic)g(link)o(er)g(that)f(the)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)g
(table)f(of)315 1957 y(the)g(shared)g(ob)s(ject)g(should)h(b)q(e)f
(used)h(as)f(an)g(auxiliary)h(\014lter)f(on)g(the)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)f
(table)g(of)315 2012 y(the)e(shared)h(ob)s(ject)e Fn(name)p
Fu(.)315 2078 y(If)k(y)o(ou)g(later)g(link)i(a)d(program)g(against)h
(this)g(\014lter)h(ob)s(ject,)f(then,)g(when)h(y)o(ou)f(run)g(the)315
2133 y(program,)12 b(the)g(dynamic)i(link)o(er)f(will)h(see)f(the)g(DT)
p 1188 2133 V 16 w(A)o(UXILIAR)l(Y)h(\014eld.)21 b(If)12
b(the)h(dynamic)315 2187 y(link)o(er)f(resolv)o(es)e(an)o(y)g(sym)o(b)q
(ols)h(from)f(the)g(\014lter)h(ob)s(ject,)g(it)f(will)i(\014rst)f(c)o
(hec)o(k)f(whether)h(there)315 2242 y(is)g(a)g(de\014nition)h(in)g(the)
f(shared)g(ob)s(ject)f Fn(name)p Fu(.)18 b(If)11 b(there)g(is)g(one,)h
(it)f(will)h(b)q(e)g(used)f(instead)g(of)315 2297 y(the)i(de\014nition)
i(in)e(the)g(\014lter)h(ob)s(ject.)k(The)13 b(shared)g(ob)s(ject)g
Fn(name)i Fu(need)f(not)f(exist.)19 b(Th)o(us)315 2352
y(the)c(shared)g(ob)s(ject)f Fn(name)j Fu(ma)o(y)d(b)q(e)h(used)h(to)e
(pro)o(vide)h(an)g(alternativ)o(e)g(implemen)o(tation)315
2407 y(of)d(certain)h(functions,)g(p)q(erhaps)g(for)e(debugging)j(or)d
(for)h(mac)o(hine)h(sp)q(eci\014c)h(p)q(erformance.)315
2472 y(This)20 b(option)f(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)i(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(more)e
(than)g(once.)32 b(The)19 b(DT)p 1452 2472 V 16 w(A)o(UXILIAR)l(Y)j(en)
o(tries)315 2527 y(will)17 b(b)q(e)f(created)f(in)h(the)f(order)g(in)h
(whic)o(h)g(they)g(app)q(ear)f(on)g(the)g(command)g(line.)75
2604 y Ft(-F)g Fn(name)75 2658 y Ft(--filter)f Fn(name)315
2713 y Fu(When)22 b(creating)f(an)g(ELF)g(shared)h(ob)s(ject,)g(set)f
(the)g(in)o(ternal)h(DT)p 1528 2713 V 16 w(FIL)l(TER)g(\014eld)h(to)315
2768 y(the)16 b(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(name.)k(This)17 b(tells)g(the)f
(dynamic)g(link)o(er)i(that)d(the)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(table)g(of)g(the)315
2823 y(shared)h(ob)s(ject)g(whic)o(h)h(is)f(b)q(eing)i(created)e
(should)h(b)q(e)g(used)f(as)g(a)g(\014lter)g(on)g(the)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)
315 2878 y(table)e(of)e(the)i(shared)f(ob)s(ject)g Fn(name)p
Fu(.)p eop
%%Page: 6 8
6 7 bop 75 149 a Fu(6)1250 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)315
391 y(If)j(y)o(ou)g(later)g(link)i(a)d(program)g(against)h(this)g
(\014lter)h(ob)s(ject,)f(then,)g(when)h(y)o(ou)f(run)g(the)315
446 y(program,)11 b(the)h(dynamic)i(link)o(er)f(will)h(see)e(the)g(DT)p
1185 446 14 2 v 16 w(FIL)l(TER)h(\014eld.)20 b(The)13
b(dynamic)g(link)o(er)315 500 y(will)j(resolv)o(e)f(sym)o(b)q(ols)h
(according)f(to)f(the)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(table)g(of)g(the)g(\014lter)g
(ob)s(ject)f(as)h(usual,)315 555 y(but)21 b(it)f(will)j(actually)e
(link)h(to)e(the)h(de\014nitions)h(found)f(in)g(the)g(shared)f(ob)s
(ject)g Fn(name)p Fu(.)315 610 y(Th)o(us)14 b(the)f(\014lter)h(ob)s
(ject)f(can)h(b)q(e)g(used)h(to)d(select)j(a)e(subset)h(of)f(the)h(sym)
o(b)q(ols)g(pro)o(vided)g(b)o(y)315 665 y(the)h(ob)s(ject)g
Fn(name)p Fu(.)315 736 y(Some)i(older)h(link)o(ers)g(used)f(the)h
Ft(-F)e Fu(option)h(throughout)g(a)f(compilation)j(to)q(olc)o(hain)f
(for)315 790 y(sp)q(ecifying)h(ob)s(ject-\014le)g(format)d(for)h(b)q
(oth)g(input)i(and)e(output)h(ob)s(ject)f(\014les.)27
b(The)18 b Fo(gnu)315 845 y Fu(link)o(er)h(uses)g(other)e(mec)o
(hanisms)i(for)e(this)i(purp)q(ose:)26 b(the)18 b Ft(-b)p
Fu(,)g Ft(--format)p Fu(,)f Ft(--oformat)315 900 y Fu(options,)12
b(the)g Ft(TARGET)e Fu(command)i(in)g(link)o(er)h(scripts,)f(and)g(the)
f Ft(GNUTARGET)g Fu(en)o(vironmen)o(t)315 955 y(v)m(ariable.)25
b(The)17 b Fo(gnu)g Fu(link)o(er)h(will)g(ignore)f(the)f
Ft(-F)h Fu(option)f(when)h(not)g(creating)f(an)h(ELF)315
1010 y(shared)e(ob)s(ject.)75 1096 y Ft(--force-exe-suffix)315
1151 y Fu(Mak)o(e)f(sure)i(that)e(an)h(output)g(\014le)i(has)e(a)g
(.exe)g(su\016x.)315 1222 y(If)d(a)f(successfully)i(built)g(fully)g
(link)o(ed)g(output)f(\014le)g(do)q(es)g(not)f(ha)o(v)o(e)g(a)g
Ft(.exe)g Fu(or)g Ft(.dll)g Fu(su\016x,)315 1277 y(this)19
b(option)f(forces)g(the)h(link)o(er)g(to)f(cop)o(y)g(the)g(output)g
(\014le)i(to)d(one)i(of)f(the)g(same)g(name)315 1332
y(with)c(a)g Ft(.exe)f Fu(su\016x.)19 b(This)c(option)f(is)g(useful)h
(when)f(using)h(unmo)q(di\014ed)h(Unix)e(mak)o(e\014les)315
1386 y(on)19 b(a)f(Microsoft)g(Windo)o(ws)h(host,)g(since)h(some)f(v)o
(ersions)g(of)f(Windo)o(ws)h(w)o(on't)f(run)h(an)315
1441 y(image)c(unless)i(it)e(ends)h(in)g(a)f Ft(.exe)f
Fu(su\016x.)75 1528 y Ft(-g)192 b Fu(Ignored.)20 b(Pro)o(vided)c(for)e
(compatibilit)o(y)j(with)f(other)f(to)q(ols.)75 1615
y Ft(-G)p Fn(v)m(alue)75 1670 y Ft(--gpsize=)p Fn(v)m(alue)315
1724 y Fu(Set)g(the)f(maxim)o(um)h(size)g(of)f(ob)s(jects)g(to)g(b)q(e)
h(optimized)h(using)f(the)g(GP)f(register)h(to)e Fn(size)p
Fu(.)315 1779 y(This)20 b(is)h(only)f(meaningful)h(for)e(ob)s(ject)g
(\014le)i(formats)e(suc)o(h)h(as)f(MIPS)h(ECOFF)f(whic)o(h)315
1834 y(supp)q(orts)14 b(putting)g(large)f(and)h(small)g(ob)s(jects)f
(in)o(to)h(di\013eren)o(t)f(sections.)20 b(This)14 b(is)g(ignored)315
1889 y(for)h(other)f(ob)s(ject)h(\014le)h(formats.)75
1976 y Ft(-h)p Fn(name)75 2030 y Ft(-soname=)p Fn(name)315
2085 y Fu(When)c(creating)g(an)f(ELF)g(shared)h(ob)s(ject,)f(set)h(the)
f(in)o(ternal)h(DT)p 1439 2085 V 16 w(SONAME)g(\014eld)h(to)e(the)315
2140 y(sp)q(eci\014ed)19 b(name.)24 b(When)17 b(an)f(executable)i(is)f
(link)o(ed)i(with)e(a)f(shared)h(ob)s(ject)f(whic)o(h)h(has)315
2195 y(a)e(DT)p 424 2195 V 16 w(SONAME)g(\014eld,)h(then)g(when)f(the)g
(executable)i(is)e(run)h(the)f(dynamic)h(link)o(er)g(will)315
2250 y(attempt)h(to)g(load)g(the)h(shared)g(ob)s(ject)f(sp)q(eci\014ed)
j(b)o(y)d(the)h(DT)p 1421 2250 V 16 w(SONAME)g(\014eld)h(rather)315
2304 y(than)c(the)g(using)h(the)g(\014le)g(name)f(giv)o(en)h(to)e(the)i
(link)o(er.)75 2391 y Ft(-i)192 b Fu(P)o(erform)14 b(an)h(incremen)o
(tal)i(link)f(\(same)f(as)g(option)g(`)p Ft(-r)p Fu('\).)75
2478 y Ft(-l)p Fn(arc)o(hiv)o(e)75 2533 y Ft(--library=)p
Fn(arc)o(hiv)o(e)315 2588 y Fu(Add)f(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g(\014le)h
Fn(arc)o(hiv)o(e)i Fu(to)c(the)h(list)g(of)f(\014les)i(to)e(link.)21
b(This)15 b(option)e(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)g(used)g(an)o(y)315
2642 y(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)f(of)g(times.)20 b Ft(ld)12 b
Fu(will)j(searc)o(h)e(its)h(path-list)g(for)e(o)q(ccurrences)i(of)f
Ft(lib)p Fn(arc)o(hiv)o(e)p Ft(.a)g Fu(for)315 2697 y(ev)o(ery)i
Fn(arc)o(hiv)o(e)j Fu(sp)q(eci\014ed.)315 2768 y(On)k(systems)e(whic)o
(h)i(supp)q(ort)f(shared)g(libraries,)j Ft(ld)d Fu(ma)o(y)f(also)h
(searc)o(h)g(for)f(libraries)315 2823 y(with)f(extensions)h(other)e
(than)h Ft(.a)p Fu(.)31 b(Sp)q(eci\014cally)l(,)22 b(on)d(ELF)g(and)g
(SunOS)h(systems,)f Ft(ld)315 2878 y Fu(will)g(searc)o(h)d(a)h
(directory)g(for)g(a)f(library)i(with)f(an)g(extension)h(of)f
Ft(.so)f Fu(b)q(efore)i(searc)o(hing)p eop
%%Page: 7 9
7 8 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(2:)k(In)o(v)o(o)q(cation)1337
b(7)315 391 y(for)18 b(one)h(with)h(an)f(extension)h(of)e
Ft(.a)p Fu(.)31 b(By)19 b(con)o(v)o(en)o(tion,)h(a)e
Ft(.so)h Fu(extension)h(indicates)g(a)315 446 y(shared)15
b(library)l(.)315 512 y(The)f(link)o(er)i(will)f(searc)o(h)f(an)g(arc)o
(hiv)o(e)g(only)h(once,)f(at)g(the)g(lo)q(cation)h(where)f(it)g(is)h
(sp)q(eci\014ed)315 567 y(on)i(the)g(command)f(line.)27
b(If)17 b(the)f(arc)o(hiv)o(e)h(de\014nes)h(a)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(whic)o
(h)h(w)o(as)d(unde\014ned)k(in)315 622 y(some)13 b(ob)s(ject)f(whic)o
(h)i(app)q(eared)g(b)q(efore)g(the)f(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g(on)g(the)h
(command)f(line,)i(the)e(link)o(er)315 677 y(will)22
b(include)g(the)e(appropriate)g(\014le\(s\))g(from)f(the)h(arc)o(hiv)o
(e.)34 b(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)20 b(an)g(unde\014ned)315
732 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(in)h(an)f(ob)s(ject)f(app)q(earing)i(later)f(on)f
(the)h(command)g(line)i(will)f(not)f(cause)g(the)315
786 y(link)o(er)d(to)f(searc)o(h)g(the)g(arc)o(hiv)o(e)h(again.)315
853 y(See)d(the)g Ft(-\()g Fu(option)f(for)h(a)f(w)o(a)o(y)g(to)g
(force)g(the)h(link)o(er)h(to)e(searc)o(h)h(arc)o(hiv)o(es)g(m)o
(ultiple)h(times.)315 920 y(Y)l(ou)h(ma)o(y)g(list)h(the)f(same)g(arc)o
(hiv)o(e)h(m)o(ultiple)h(times)e(on)g(the)g(command)h(line.)315
987 y(This)f(t)o(yp)q(e)f(of)f(arc)o(hiv)o(e)i(searc)o(hing)f(is)h
(standard)e(for)h(Unix)h(link)o(ers.)20 b(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)13
b(if)i(y)o(ou)e(are)315 1042 y(using)i Ft(ld)e Fu(on)h(AIX,)h(note)e
(that)h(it)g(is)g(di\013eren)o(t)h(from)e(the)h(b)q(eha)o(viour)h(of)e
(the)i(AIX)f(link)o(er.)75 1120 y Ft(-L)p Fn(searc)o(hdir)75
1175 y Ft(--library-path=)p Fn(searc)o(hdir)315 1230
y Fu(Add)i(path)f Fn(searc)o(hdir)k Fu(to)c(the)g(list)h(of)f(paths)g
(that)g Ft(ld)g Fu(will)i(searc)o(h)e(for)g(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g(libraries)
315 1285 y(and)20 b Ft(ld)f Fu(con)o(trol)g(scripts.)33
b(Y)l(ou)20 b(ma)o(y)e(use)i(this)g(option)g(an)o(y)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)h
(of)f(times.)33 b(The)315 1340 y(directories)13 b(are)e(searc)o(hed)h
(in)g(the)g(order)f(in)h(whic)o(h)h(they)e(are)g(sp)q(eci\014ed)j(on)d
(the)h(command)315 1394 y(line.)21 b(Directories)16 b(sp)q(eci\014ed)h
(on)e(the)g(command)g(line)h(are)f(searc)o(hed)g(b)q(efore)g(the)g
(default)315 1449 y(directories.)31 b(All)19 b Ft(-L)g
Fu(options)f(apply)h(to)f(all)i Ft(-l)e Fu(options,)h(regardless)f(of)g
(the)h(order)f(in)315 1504 y(whic)o(h)e(the)f(options)h(app)q(ear.)315
1571 y(The)h(default)h(set)f(of)g(paths)f(searc)o(hed)i(\(without)f(b)q
(eing)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(with)f(`)p Ft(-L)p Fu('\))d(dep)q(ends)315
1626 y(on)k(whic)o(h)h(em)o(ulation)f(mo)q(de)h Ft(ld)e
Fu(is)i(using,)g(and)f(in)h(some)e(cases)h(also)g(on)g(ho)o(w)g(it)g(w)
o(as)315 1680 y(con\014gured.)i(See)15 b(Section)h(2.2)f([En)o
(vironmen)o(t],)f(page)h(17.)315 1747 y(The)f(paths)f(can)g(also)g(b)q
(e)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(in)e(a)f(link)i(script)e(with)h(the)g
Ft(SEARCH_DIR)d Fu(command.)315 1802 y(Directories)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)i
(this)e(w)o(a)o(y)f(are)g(searc)o(hed)h(at)g(the)f(p)q(oin)o(t)i(in)f
(whic)o(h)h(the)f(link)o(er)h(script)315 1857 y(app)q(ears)i(in)h(the)g
(command)f(line.)75 1936 y Ft(-m)p Fn(em)o(ulation)315
1990 y Fu(Em)o(ulate)j(the)f Fn(em)o(ulation)i Fu(link)o(er.)28
b(Y)l(ou)18 b(can)g(list)g(the)g(a)o(v)m(ailable)i(em)o(ulations)e
(with)g(the)315 2045 y(`)p Ft(--verbose)p Fu(')13 b(or)i(`)p
Ft(-V)p Fu(')f(options.)315 2112 y(If)20 b(the)f(`)p
Ft(-m)p Fu(')g(option)g(is)h(not)g(used,)g(the)g(em)o(ulation)g(is)g
(tak)o(en)f(from)g(the)h Ft(LDEMULATION)315 2167 y Fu(en)o(vironmen)o
(t)15 b(v)m(ariable,)i(if)e(that)g(is)h(de\014ned.)315
2234 y(Otherwise,)f(the)g(default)g(em)o(ulation)h(dep)q(ends)g(up)q
(on)g(ho)o(w)e(the)h(link)o(er)h(w)o(as)e(con\014gured.)75
2312 y Ft(-M)75 2367 y(--print-map)315 2422 y Fu(Prin)o(t)20
b(a)g(link)i(map)e(to)g(the)h(standard)e(output.)36 b(A)20
b(link)i(map)e(pro)o(vides)h(information)315 2477 y(ab)q(out)15
b(the)g(link,)i(including)h(the)d(follo)o(wing:)352 2544
y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(Where)15 b(ob)s(ject)g(\014les)h(and)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)
f(are)g(mapp)q(ed)h(in)o(to)f(memory)l(.)352 2610 y Fq(\017)30
b Fu(Ho)o(w)15 b(common)f(sym)o(b)q(ols)i(are)f(allo)q(cated.)352
2677 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(All)20 b(arc)o(hiv)o(e)f(mem)o(b)q(ers)g
(included)j(in)d(the)g(link,)i(with)e(a)g(men)o(tion)g(of)g(the)g(sym)o
(b)q(ol)405 2732 y(whic)o(h)d(caused)g(the)f(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g(mem)o(b)q
(er)h(to)e(b)q(e)i(brough)o(t)f(in.)75 2823 y Ft(-n)75
2878 y(--nmagic)48 b Fu(Set)12 b(the)g(text)f(segmen)o(t)g(to)g(b)q(e)i
(read)e(only)l(,)i(and)f(mark)f(the)h(output)f(as)h Ft(NMAGIC)e
Fu(if)j(p)q(ossible.)p eop
%%Page: 8 10
8 9 bop 75 149 a Fu(8)1250 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)75
391 y Ft(-N)75 446 y(--omagic)48 b Fu(Set)15 b(the)h(text)e(and)i(data)
e(sections)i(to)e(b)q(e)i(readable)g(and)f(writable.)21
b(Also,)15 b(do)g(not)g(page-)315 500 y(align)i(the)g(data)e(segmen)o
(t.)23 b(If)17 b(the)f(output)g(format)f(supp)q(orts)i(Unix)g(st)o(yle)
f(magic)h(n)o(um-)315 555 y(b)q(ers,)e(mark)g(the)g(output)g(as)g
Ft(OMAGIC)p Fu(.)75 633 y Ft(-o)g Fn(output)75 688 y
Ft(--output=)p Fn(output)315 743 y Fu(Use)h Fn(output)i
Fu(as)e(the)g(name)g(for)g(the)g(program)g(pro)q(duced)h(b)o(y)f
Ft(ld)p Fu(;)g(if)h(this)g(option)g(is)f(not)315 798
y(sp)q(eci\014ed,)22 b(the)d(name)g(`)p Ft(a.out)p Fu(')f(is)h(used)h
(b)o(y)f(default.)32 b(The)19 b(script)h(command)f Ft(OUTPUT)315
852 y Fu(can)c(also)g(sp)q(ecify)i(the)e(output)g(\014le)i(name.)75
930 y Ft(-r)75 985 y(--relocateable)315 1040 y Fu(Generate)12
b(relo)q(catable)h(output|i.e.,)g(generate)e(an)h(output)g(\014le)i
(that)d(can)h(in)h(turn)f(serv)o(e)315 1095 y(as)18 b(input)h(to)f
Ft(ld)p Fu(.)29 b(This)19 b(is)g(often)f(called)i Fn(partial)f(linking)
p Fu(.)31 b(As)19 b(a)f(side)h(e\013ect,)g(in)g(en)o(vi-)315
1149 y(ronmen)o(ts)14 b(that)g(supp)q(ort)g(standard)h(Unix)g(magic)g
(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers,)f(this)h(option)g(also)g(sets)f(the)315
1204 y(output)i(\014le's)h(magic)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(to)g
Ft(OMAGIC)p Fu(.)21 b(If)c(this)f(option)h(is)f(not)g(sp)q(eci\014ed,)i
(an)e(abso-)315 1259 y(lute)h(\014le)g(is)f(pro)q(duced.)24
b(When)16 b(linking)i(C)p Ft(++)d Fu(programs,)g(this)h(option)h
Fn(will)g(not)g Fu(resolv)o(e)315 1314 y(references)f(to)e
(constructors;)g(to)h(do)g(that,)f(use)i(`)p Ft(-Ur)p
Fu('.)315 1380 y(This)g(option)f(do)q(es)h(the)f(same)g(thing)h(as)e(`)
p Ft(-i)p Fu('.)75 1458 y Ft(-R)h Fn(\014lename)75 1513
y Ft(--just-symbols=)p Fn(\014lename)315 1568 y Fu(Read)j(sym)o(b)q(ol)
f(names)g(and)h(their)f(addresses)g(from)g Fn(\014lename)p
Fu(,)h(but)f(do)g(not)g(relo)q(cate)h(it)315 1623 y(or)f(include)j(it)d
(in)i(the)e(output.)27 b(This)18 b(allo)o(ws)f(y)o(our)g(output)g
(\014le)i(to)e(refer)g(sym)o(b)q(olically)315 1677 y(to)f(absolute)g
(lo)q(cations)i(of)e(memory)f(de\014ned)j(in)f(other)f(programs.)23
b(Y)l(ou)16 b(ma)o(y)g(use)h(this)315 1732 y(option)e(more)g(than)g
(once.)315 1799 y(F)l(or)21 b(compatibilit)o(y)i(with)f(other)g(ELF)f
(link)o(ers,)j(if)e(the)g Ft(-R)g Fu(option)f(is)i(follo)o(w)o(ed)f(b)o
(y)f(a)315 1853 y(directory)15 b(name,)g(rather)g(than)g(a)g(\014le)h
(name,)f(it)g(is)h(treated)f(as)g(the)g Ft(-rpath)f Fu(option.)75
1931 y Ft(-s)75 1986 y(--strip-all)315 2041 y Fu(Omit)i(all)g(sym)o(b)q
(ol)f(information)h(from)e(the)h(output)g(\014le.)75
2119 y Ft(-S)75 2174 y(--strip-debug)315 2228 y Fu(Omit)h(debugger)f
(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(information)f(\(but)g(not)g(all)h(sym)o(b)q(ols\))f
(from)g(the)g(output)g(\014le.)75 2306 y Ft(-t)75 2361
y(--trace)72 b Fu(Prin)o(t)15 b(the)g(names)h(of)e(the)i(input)g
(\014les)g(as)f Ft(ld)g Fu(pro)q(cesses)g(them.)75 2439
y Ft(-T)g Fn(command\014le)75 2494 y Ft(--script=)p Fn(command\014le)
315 2549 y Fu(Read)h(link)g(commands)f(from)f(the)h(\014le)h
Fn(command\014le)p Fu(.)21 b(These)15 b(commands)g(replace)h
Ft(ld)p Fu('s)315 2604 y(default)23 b(link)g(script)g(\(rather)e(than)h
(adding)h(to)f(it\),)i(so)d Fn(command\014le)26 b Fu(m)o(ust)c(sp)q
(ecify)315 2658 y(ev)o(erything)14 b(necessary)g(to)f(describ)q(e)j
(the)e(target)f(format.)18 b(Y)l(ou)c(m)o(ust)f(use)h(this)g(option)g
(if)315 2713 y(y)o(ou)f(w)o(an)o(t)f(to)h(use)h(a)f(command)g(whic)o(h)
h(can)g(only)g(app)q(ear)f(once)h(in)g(a)f(link)o(er)i(script,)f(suc)o
(h)315 2768 y(as)g(the)h Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(or)g Ft(MEMORY)g
Fu(command.)20 b(See)15 b(Chapter)f(3)h([Commands],)e(page)i(19.)k(If)
315 2823 y Fn(command\014le)i Fu(do)q(es)c(not)g(exist,)g
Ft(ld)g Fu(lo)q(oks)h(for)e(it)i(in)g(the)f(directories)h(sp)q
(eci\014ed)h(b)o(y)e(an)o(y)315 2878 y(preceding)g(`)p
Ft(-L)p Fu(')d(options.)20 b(Multiple)d(`)p Ft(-T)p Fu(')d(options)h
(accum)o(ulate.)p eop
%%Page: 9 11
9 10 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(2:)k(In)o(v)o(o)q(cation)1337
b(9)75 391 y Ft(-u)15 b Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)75 446 y Ft(--undefined=)p
Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)315 500 y Fu(F)l(orce)20 b Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)j
Fu(to)c(b)q(e)i(en)o(tered)g(in)g(the)g(output)f(\014le)h(as)f(an)g
(unde\014ned)j(sym)o(b)q(ol.)35 b(Do-)315 555 y(ing)16
b(this)g(ma)o(y)l(,)f(for)g(example,)h(trigger)f(linking)j(of)d
(additional)i(mo)q(dules)g(from)d(standard)315 610 y(libraries.)25
b(`)p Ft(-u)p Fu(')15 b(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)h(rep)q(eated)g(with)g
(di\013eren)o(t)g(option)f(argumen)o(ts)g(to)g(en)o(ter)g(addi-)315
665 y(tional)g(unde\014ned)h(sym)o(b)q(ols.)75 739 y
Ft(-v)75 794 y(--version)75 849 y(-V)192 b Fu(Displa)o(y)22
b(the)g(v)o(ersion)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)h(for)f Ft(ld)p
Fu(.)38 b(The)22 b Ft(-V)f Fu(option)h(also)g(lists)g(the)f(supp)q
(orted)315 903 y(em)o(ulations.)75 978 y Ft(-x)75 1033
y(--discard-all)315 1087 y Fu(Delete)16 b(all)g(lo)q(cal)g(sym)o(b)q
(ols.)75 1162 y Ft(-X)75 1216 y(--discard-locals)315
1271 y Fu(Delete)h(all)g(temp)q(orary)e(lo)q(cal)j(sym)o(b)q(ols.)23
b(F)l(or)16 b(most)f(targets,)g(this)h(is)h(all)g(lo)q(cal)h(sym)o(b)q
(ols)315 1326 y(whose)d(names)g(b)q(egin)i(with)e(`)p
Ft(L)p Fu('.)75 1400 y Ft(-y)g Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)75 1455
y Ft(--trace-symbol=)p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)315 1510 y Fu(Prin)o(t)i(the)g
(name)g(of)f(eac)o(h)h(link)o(ed)i(\014le)f(in)g(whic)o(h)g
Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)h Fu(app)q(ears.)25 b(This)18 b(option)f(ma)o(y)315
1565 y(b)q(e)f(giv)o(en)f(an)o(y)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(of)g(times.)20
b(On)15 b(man)o(y)g(systems)f(it)i(is)f(necessary)g(to)g(prep)q(end)h
(an)315 1620 y(underscore.)315 1684 y(This)e(option)f(is)h(useful)g
(when)f(y)o(ou)g(ha)o(v)o(e)g(an)g(unde\014ned)i(sym)o(b)q(ol)e(in)h(y)
o(our)f(link)h(but)f(don't)315 1739 y(kno)o(w)i(where)g(the)g
(reference)h(is)g(coming)g(from.)75 1813 y Ft(-Y)f Fn(path)86
b Fu(Add)22 b Fn(path)f Fu(to)g(the)g(default)h(library)g(searc)o(h)f
(path.)38 b(This)22 b(option)g(exists)g(for)e(Solaris)315
1868 y(compatibilit)o(y)l(.)75 1942 y Ft(-z)15 b Fn(k)o(eyw)o(ord)315
1997 y Fu(This)h(option)f(is)h(ignored)g(for)e(Solaris)i(compatibilit)o
(y)l(.)75 2071 y Ft(-\()f Fn(arc)o(hiv)o(es)i Ft(-\))75
2126 y(--start-group)c Fn(arc)o(hiv)o(es)18 b Ft(--end-group)315
2181 y Fu(The)f Fn(arc)o(hiv)o(es)i Fu(should)g(b)q(e)e(a)g(list)h(of)f
(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g(\014les.)26 b(They)18 b(ma)o(y)e(b)q(e)i(either)g
(explicit)h(\014le)315 2236 y(names,)c(or)f(`)p Ft(-l)p
Fu(')h(options.)315 2300 y(The)d(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(arc)o(hiv)o(es)f(are)
f(searc)o(hed)h(rep)q(eatedly)h(un)o(til)g(no)e(new)h(unde\014ned)h
(references)315 2355 y(are)j(created.)24 b(Normally)l(,)18
b(an)e(arc)o(hiv)o(e)h(is)g(searc)o(hed)g(only)g(once)g(in)h(the)e
(order)h(that)f(it)g(is)315 2410 y(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(on)d(the)h(command)
f(line.)22 b(If)15 b(a)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(in)g(that)f(arc)o(hiv)o(e)h(is)
g(needed)h(to)e(resolv)o(e)315 2465 y(an)i(unde\014ned)j(sym)o(b)q(ol)e
(referred)f(to)g(b)o(y)h(an)f(ob)s(ject)g(in)h(an)g(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g
(that)e(app)q(ears)i(later)315 2520 y(on)i(the)f(command)h(line,)i(the)
d(link)o(er)i(w)o(ould)f(not)f(b)q(e)i(able)f(to)f(resolv)o(e)h(that)f
(reference.)315 2574 y(By)k(grouping)g(the)g(arc)o(hiv)o(es,)i(they)e
(all)g(b)q(e)h(searc)o(hed)f(rep)q(eatedly)h(un)o(til)g(all)g(p)q
(ossible)315 2629 y(references)16 b(are)f(resolv)o(ed.)315
2694 y(Using)j(this)g(option)g(has)g(a)f(signi\014can)o(t)h(p)q
(erformance)g(cost.)27 b(It)18 b(is)g(b)q(est)g(to)f(use)h(it)f(only)
315 2748 y(when)f(there)f(are)g(una)o(v)o(oidable)h(circular)h
(references)e(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)h(t)o(w)o(o)e(or)g(more)h(arc)o(hiv)o
(es.)75 2823 y Ft(-assert)f Fn(k)o(eyw)o(ord)315 2878
y Fu(This)i(option)f(is)h(ignored)g(for)e(SunOS)j(compatibilit)o(y)l(.)
p eop
%%Page: 10 12
10 11 bop 75 149 a Fu(10)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Ft(-Bdynamic)75 446 y(-dy)75 500 y(-call_shared)315
555 y Fu(Link)g(against)f(dynamic)h(libraries.)21 b(This)15
b(is)f(only)h(meaningful)g(on)f(platforms)g(for)f(whic)o(h)315
610 y(shared)21 b(libraries)h(are)e(supp)q(orted.)37
b(This)21 b(option)g(is)g(normally)g(the)g(default)g(on)g(suc)o(h)315
665 y(platforms.)e(The)c(di\013eren)o(t)g(v)m(arian)o(ts)g(of)f(this)h
(option)g(are)g(for)f(compatibilit)o(y)i(with)f(v)m(ari-)315
720 y(ous)h(systems.)21 b(Y)l(ou)16 b(ma)o(y)f(use)h(this)h(option)f(m)
o(ultiple)h(times)f(on)g(the)g(command)g(line:)23 b(it)315
774 y(a\013ects)14 b(library)i(searc)o(hing)g(for)f Ft(-l)f
Fu(options)i(whic)o(h)g(follo)o(w)f(it.)75 849 y Ft(-Bstatic)75
904 y(-dn)75 959 y(-non_shared)75 1014 y(-static)72 b
Fu(Do)16 b(not)g(link)i(against)e(shared)h(libraries.)26
b(This)17 b(is)g(only)g(meaningful)h(on)f(platforms)f(for)315
1068 y(whic)o(h)h(shared)g(libraries)h(are)e(supp)q(orted.)24
b(The)17 b(di\013eren)o(t)f(v)m(arian)o(ts)h(of)f(this)h(option)f(are)
315 1123 y(for)d(compatibilit)o(y)i(with)f(v)m(arious)g(systems.)k(Y)l
(ou)c(ma)o(y)f(use)h(this)g(option)f(m)o(ultiple)j(times)315
1178 y(on)d(the)h(command)g(line:)20 b(it)14 b(a\013ects)f(library)h
(searc)o(hing)g(for)f Ft(-l)g Fu(options)h(whic)o(h)g(follo)o(w)g(it.)
75 1253 y Ft(-Bsymbolic)315 1308 y Fu(When)j(creating)g(a)f(shared)h
(library)l(,)h(bind)g(references)g(to)e(global)h(sym)o(b)q(ols)g(to)f
(the)h(de\014-)315 1362 y(nition)h(within)g(the)e(shared)h(library)l(,)
g(if)g(an)o(y)l(.)24 b(Normally)l(,)18 b(it)e(is)i(p)q(ossible)g(for)e
(a)g(program)315 1417 y(link)o(ed)j(against)e(a)g(shared)g(library)i
(to)d(o)o(v)o(erride)i(the)f(de\014nition)i(within)g(the)e(shared)h
(li-)315 1472 y(brary)l(.)i(This)c(option)f(is)h(only)g(meaningful)g
(on)f(ELF)h(platforms)e(whic)o(h)i(supp)q(ort)g(shared)315
1527 y(libraries.)75 1602 y Ft(--cref)96 b Fu(Output)22
b(a)e(cross)h(reference)h(table.)38 b(If)22 b(a)f(link)o(er)h(map)f
(\014le)h(is)g(b)q(eing)h(generated,)f(the)315 1657 y(cross)15
b(reference)i(table)f(is)h(prin)o(ted)f(to)g(the)g(map)f(\014le.)23
b(Otherwise,)17 b(it)f(is)g(prin)o(ted)h(on)f(the)315
1711 y(standard)f(output.)315 1776 y(The)c(format)e(of)h(the)h(table)g
(is)g(in)o(ten)o(tionally)i(simple,)f(so)f(that)e(it)i(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)i
(easily)f(pro)q(cessed)315 1831 y(b)o(y)i(a)g(script)g(if)h(necessary)l
(.)19 b(The)14 b(sym)o(b)q(ols)f(are)g(prin)o(ted)h(out,)f(sorted)f(b)o
(y)h(name.)19 b(F)l(or)13 b(eac)o(h)315 1886 y(sym)o(b)q(ol,)h(a)g
(list)h(of)f(\014le)i(names)e(is)g(giv)o(en.)21 b(If)14
b(the)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(is)g(de\014ned,)g(the)g(\014rst)e(\014le)j
(listed)315 1941 y(is)i(the)f(lo)q(cation)h(of)f(the)g(de\014nition.)28
b(The)18 b(remaining)g(\014les)g(con)o(tain)f(references)h(to)f(the)315
1995 y(sym)o(b)q(ol.)75 2070 y Ft(--defsym)d Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r
Ft(=)p Fn(expression)315 2125 y Fu(Create)f(a)f(global)i(sym)o(b)q(ol)g
(in)f(the)h(output)f(\014le,)h(con)o(taining)g(the)f(absolute)g
(address)g(giv)o(en)315 2180 y(b)o(y)k Fn(expression)p
Fu(.)27 b(Y)l(ou)17 b(ma)o(y)g(use)g(this)h(option)f(as)g(man)o(y)g
(times)g(as)g(necessary)g(to)g(de\014ne)315 2235 y(m)o(ultiple)k(sym)o
(b)q(ols)e(in)h(the)g(command)f(line.)33 b(A)19 b(limited)i(form)d(of)h
(arithmetic)h(is)f(sup-)315 2289 y(p)q(orted)14 b(for)f(the)h
Fn(expression)h Fu(in)f(this)h(con)o(text:)j(y)o(ou)c(ma)o(y)f(giv)o(e)
h(a)f(hexadecimal)j(constan)o(t)315 2344 y(or)f(the)g(name)g(of)g(an)g
(existing)i(sym)o(b)q(ol,)e(or)f(use)i Ft(+)f Fu(and)h
Ft(-)f Fu(to)f(add)i(or)e(subtract)h(hexadec-)315 2399
y(imal)20 b(constan)o(ts)e(or)h(sym)o(b)q(ols.)32 b(If)20
b(y)o(ou)f(need)h(more)f(elab)q(orate)g(expressions,)i(consider)315
2454 y(using)g(the)e(link)o(er)i(command)f(language)g(from)f(a)h
(script)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.2.6)f([Assign-)315 2509
y(men)o(t:)28 b(Sym)o(b)q(ol)20 b(De\014nitions],)h(page)e(22\).)32
b Fn(Note:)c Fu(there)20 b(should)g(b)q(e)g(no)g(white)g(space)315
2563 y(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)c Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)p Fu(,)f(the)g(equals)h(sign)
g(\(\\)1010 2561 y Fm(h)p 1021 2535 28 2 v 1021 2563
a Fl(=)p 1021 2571 V 1046 2561 a Fm(i)1061 2563 y Fu("\),)e(and)i
Fn(expression)p Fu(.)75 2638 y Ft(--dynamic-linker)d
Fn(\014le)315 2693 y Fu(Set)j(the)h(name)f(of)g(the)h(dynamic)g(link)o
(er.)24 b(This)17 b(is)g(only)g(meaningful)h(when)f(generating)315
2748 y(dynamically)j(link)o(ed)f(ELF)f(executables.)30
b(The)18 b(default)h(dynamic)g(link)o(er)g(is)f(normally)315
2803 y(correct;)c(don't)h(use)h(this)f(unless)i(y)o(ou)d(kno)o(w)h
(what)g(y)o(ou)g(are)g(doing.)75 2878 y Ft(-EB)168 b
Fu(Link)16 b(big-endian)i(ob)s(jects.)h(This)d(a\013ects)e(the)h
(default)h(output)f(format.)p eop
%%Page: 11 13
11 12 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(2:)k(In)o(v)o(o)q(cation)1315
b(11)75 391 y Ft(-EL)168 b Fu(Link)16 b(little-endian)i(ob)s(jects.)i
(This)c(a\013ects)e(the)h(default)h(output)f(format.)75
475 y Ft(--embedded-relocs)315 530 y Fu(This)j(option)g(is)g(only)g
(meaningful)h(when)f(linking)i(MIPS)e(em)o(b)q(edded)h(PIC)e(co)q(de,)i
(gen-)315 585 y(erated)f(b)o(y)f(the)h(-mem)o(b)q(edded-pic)i(option)e
(to)f(the)h Fo(gnu)g Fu(compiler)g(and)g(assem)o(bler.)28
b(It)315 639 y(causes)19 b(the)f(link)o(er)h(to)f(create)g(a)g(table)h
(whic)o(h)g(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)h(used)g(at)e(run)o(time)i(to)f(relo)q(cate)
315 694 y(an)o(y)j(data)f(whic)o(h)i(w)o(as)e(statically)i(initialized)
i(to)c(p)q(oin)o(ter)i(v)m(alues.)38 b(See)22 b(the)f(co)q(de)g(in)315
749 y(testsuite/ld-empic)c(for)e(details.)75 833 y Ft(--help)96
b Fu(Prin)o(t)12 b(a)h(summary)f(of)g(the)g(command-line)i(options)f
(on)f(the)h(standard)f(output)g(and)h(exit.)75 918 y
Ft(-Map)i Fn(map\014le)315 972 y Fu(Prin)o(t)20 b(a)g(link)i(map)e(to)f
(the)i(\014le)g Fn(map\014le)p Fu(.)36 b(See)21 b(the)f(description)i
(of)e(the)g(`)p Ft(-M)p Fu(')f(option,)315 1027 y(ab)q(o)o(v)o(e.)75
1112 y Ft(--no-keep-memory)315 1166 y(ld)i Fu(normally)h(optimizes)g
(for)f(sp)q(eed)h(o)o(v)o(er)f(memory)g(usage)g(b)o(y)g(cac)o(hing)h
(the)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)315 1221 y(tables)e(of)f(input)i(\014les)f(in)h
(memory)l(.)33 b(This)20 b(option)g(tells)g Ft(ld)g Fu(to)f(instead)h
(optimize)h(for)315 1276 y(memory)h(usage,)i(b)o(y)f(rereading)g(the)g
(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(tables)g(as)f(necessary)l(.)43 b(This)23
b(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)315 1331 y(required)16 b(if)g Ft(ld)f
Fu(runs)g(out)g(of)g(memory)f(space)i(while)h(linking)g(a)e(large)g
(executable.)75 1415 y Ft(--no-warn-mismatch)315 1470
y Fu(Normally)k Ft(ld)f Fu(will)h(giv)o(e)g(an)f(error)g(if)g(y)o(ou)g
(try)g(to)f(link)j(together)d(input)j(\014les)f(that)e(are)315
1525 y(mismatc)o(hed)22 b(for)g(some)g(reason,)h(p)q(erhaps)g(b)q
(ecause)g(they)f(ha)o(v)o(e)g(b)q(een)h(compiled)h(for)315
1579 y(di\013eren)o(t)19 b(pro)q(cessors)f(or)g(for)g(di\013eren)o(t)g
(endiannesses.)32 b(This)19 b(option)f(tells)i Ft(ld)e
Fu(that)g(it)315 1634 y(should)i(silen)o(tly)h(p)q(ermit)f(suc)o(h)f(p)
q(ossible)i(errors.)31 b(This)19 b(option)h(should)g(only)g(b)q(e)f
(used)315 1689 y(with)d(care,)g(in)g(cases)g(when)g(y)o(ou)g(ha)o(v)o
(e)f(tak)o(en)g(some)h(sp)q(ecial)h(action)f(that)f(ensures)i(that)315
1744 y(the)e(link)o(er)i(errors)d(are)h(inappropriate.)75
1828 y Ft(--no-whole-archive)315 1883 y Fu(T)l(urn)g(o\013)f(the)g
(e\013ect)h(of)f(the)h Ft(--whole-archive)d Fu(option)j(for)f
(subsequen)o(t)h(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g(\014les.)75 1967 y Ft
(--noinhibit-exec)315 2022 y Fu(Retain)d(the)f(executable)i(output)e
(\014le)h(whenev)o(er)f(it)h(is)f(still)i(usable.)19
b(Normally)l(,)13 b(the)e(link)o(er)315 2077 y(will)19
b(not)d(pro)q(duce)i(an)f(output)g(\014le)h(if)g(it)f(encoun)o(ters)g
(errors)g(during)g(the)h(link)g(pro)q(cess;)315 2132
y(it)d(exits)h(without)f(writing)h(an)f(output)g(\014le)h(when)g(it)f
(issues)h(an)o(y)f(error)g(whatso)q(ev)o(er.)75 2216
y Ft(--oformat)f Fn(output-format)315 2271 y Ft(ld)19
b Fu(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)g(con\014gured)g(to)g(supp)q(ort)f(more)h(than)f
(one)h(kind)h(of)f(ob)s(ject)f(\014le.)34 b(If)20 b(y)o(our)315
2325 y Ft(ld)f Fu(is)g(con\014gured)h(this)f(w)o(a)o(y)l(,)g(y)o(ou)g
(can)g(use)g(the)g(`)p Ft(--oformat)p Fu(')e(option)i(to)g(sp)q(ecify)h
(the)315 2380 y(binary)14 b(format)d(for)i(the)g(output)g(ob)s(ject)f
(\014le.)21 b(Ev)o(en)13 b(when)g Ft(ld)g Fu(is)h(con\014gured)f(to)g
(supp)q(ort)315 2435 y(alternativ)o(e)i(ob)s(ject)f(formats,)f(y)o(ou)i
(don't)f(usually)i(need)g(to)e(sp)q(ecify)i(this,)f(as)f
Ft(ld)h Fu(should)315 2490 y(b)q(e)h(con\014gured)g(to)f(pro)q(duce)h
(as)f(a)g(default)h(output)f(format)f(the)h(most)g(usual)h(format)e(on)
315 2545 y(eac)o(h)i(mac)o(hine.)23 b Fn(output-format)16
b Fu(is)h(a)e(text)h(string,)g(the)g(name)g(of)g(a)g(particular)g
(format)315 2599 y(supp)q(orted)21 b(b)o(y)g(the)g(BFD)f(libraries.)38
b(\(Y)l(ou)21 b(can)f(list)i(the)f(a)o(v)m(ailable)h(binary)f(formats)
315 2654 y(with)16 b(`)p Ft(objdump)e(-i)p Fu('.\))22
b(The)16 b(script)h(command)f Ft(OUTPUT_FORMAT)e Fu(can)i(also)g(sp)q
(ecify)i(the)315 2709 y(output)d(format,)e(but)j(this)f(option)h(o)o(v)
o(errides)f(it.)20 b(See)c(Chapter)f(5)g([BFD],)e(page)i(47.)75
2793 y Ft(-qmagic)72 b Fu(This)16 b(option)f(is)h(ignored)g(for)e(Lin)o
(ux)j(compatibilit)o(y)l(.)75 2878 y Ft(-Qy)168 b Fu(This)16
b(option)f(is)h(ignored)g(for)e(SVR4)i(compatibilit)o(y)l(.)p
eop
%%Page: 12 14
12 13 bop 75 149 a Fu(12)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Ft(--relax)72 b Fu(An)15 b(option)g(with)h(mac)o(hine)f(dep)q
(enden)o(t)i(e\013ects.)i(This)d(option)f(is)g(only)h(supp)q(orted)f
(on)g(a)315 446 y(few)g(targets.)20 b(See)c(Section)h(4.1)d([)p
Ft(ld)h Fu(and)h(the)g(H8/300],)d(page)j(45.)k(See)d(Section)f(4.2)f([)
p Ft(ld)315 500 y Fu(and)g(the)h(In)o(tel)g(960)e(family],)h(page)g
(45.)315 565 y(On)20 b(some)f(platforms,)g(the)g(`)p
Ft(--relax)p Fu(')f(option)h(p)q(erforms)g(global)h(optimizations)g
(that)315 619 y(b)q(ecome)g(p)q(ossible)h(when)e(the)g(link)o(er)i
(resolv)o(es)e(addressing)g(in)h(the)f(program,)g(suc)o(h)g(as)315
674 y(relaxing)d(address)f(mo)q(des)g(and)g(syn)o(thesizing)h(new)f
(instructions)g(in)h(the)f(output)g(ob)s(ject)315 729
y(\014le.)315 793 y(On)h(platforms)e(where)i(this)f(is)h(not)f(supp)q
(orted,)g(`)p Ft(--relax)p Fu(')f(is)i(accepted,)f(but)g(ignored.)75
866 y Ft(--retain-symbols-file)d Fn(\014lename)315 921
y Fu(Retain)18 b Fn(only)k Fu(the)c(sym)o(b)q(ols)f(listed)i(in)f(the)g
(\014le)g Fn(\014lename)p Fu(,)h(discarding)f(all)h(others.)26
b Fn(\014le-)315 976 y(name)18 b Fu(is)e(simply)g(a)f(\015at)g(\014le,)
h(with)g(one)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(name)h(p)q(er)g(line.)22
b(This)16 b(option)f(is)h(esp)q(e-)315 1031 y(cially)k(useful)f(in)g
(en)o(vironmen)o(ts)f(\(suc)o(h)g(as)f(VxW)l(orks\))g(where)h(a)g
(large)g(global)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)315 1086 y(table)d(is)f(accum)o(ulated)h
(gradually)l(,)g(to)f(conserv)o(e)g(run-time)h(memory)l(.)315
1150 y(`)p Ft(--retain-symbols-file)p Fu(')21 b(do)q(es)k
Fn(not)h Fu(discard)f(unde\014ned)i(sym)o(b)q(ols,)g(or)e(sym)o(b)q
(ols)315 1205 y(needed)17 b(for)d(relo)q(cations.)315
1269 y(Y)l(ou)h(ma)o(y)f(only)i(sp)q(ecify)g(`)p Ft
(--retain-symbols-file)p Fu(')11 b(once)k(in)h(the)f(command)f(line.)22
b(It)315 1323 y(o)o(v)o(errides)15 b(`)p Ft(-s)p Fu(')f(and)i(`)p
Ft(-S)p Fu('.)75 1397 y Ft(-rpath)e Fn(dir)315 1452 y
Fu(Add)e(a)e(directory)i(to)e(the)h(run)o(time)h(library)f(searc)o(h)g
(path.)19 b(This)11 b(is)h(used)f(when)h(linking)h(an)315
1507 y(ELF)k(executable)h(with)g(shared)f(ob)s(jects.)25
b(All)19 b Ft(-rpath)d Fu(argumen)o(ts)g(are)h(concatenated)315
1561 y(and)f(passed)h(to)e(the)h(run)o(time)h(link)o(er,)g(whic)o(h)g
(uses)g(them)f(to)f(lo)q(cate)i(shared)f(ob)s(jects)g(at)315
1616 y(run)o(time.)28 b(The)17 b Ft(-rpath)g Fu(option)h(is)g(also)g
(used)g(when)g(lo)q(cating)g(shared)g(ob)s(jects)f(whic)o(h)315
1671 y(are)d(needed)h(b)o(y)f(shared)h(ob)s(jects)e(explicitly)k
(included)g(in)e(the)f(link;)i(see)e(the)g(description)315
1726 y(of)k(the)g Ft(-rpath-link)e Fu(option.)29 b(If)18
b Ft(-rpath)g Fu(is)g(not)g(used)h(when)f(linking)i(an)e(ELF)g(exe-)315
1780 y(cutable,)f(the)g(con)o(ten)o(ts)e(of)h(the)h(en)o(vironmen)o(t)f
(v)m(ariable)i Ft(LD_RUN_PATH)d Fu(will)j(b)q(e)f(used)f(if)315
1835 y(it)f(is)h(de\014ned.)315 1899 y(The)k Ft(-rpath)e
Fu(option)i(ma)o(y)f(also)g(b)q(e)i(used)f(on)f(SunOS.)i(By)e(default,)
i(on)e(SunOS,)i(the)315 1954 y(link)o(er)15 b(will)g(form)e(a)h(run)o
(time)g(searc)o(h)g(patc)o(h)f(out)h(of)f(all)i(the)f
Ft(-L)f Fu(options)h(it)g(is)g(giv)o(en.)20 b(If)14 b(a)315
2009 y Ft(-rpath)e Fu(option)h(is)h(used,)f(the)g(run)o(time)h(searc)o
(h)e(path)h(will)i(b)q(e)e(formed)g(exclusiv)o(ely)i(using)315
2064 y(the)k Ft(-rpath)f Fu(options,)i(ignoring)g(the)f
Ft(-L)g Fu(options.)31 b(This)20 b(can)f(b)q(e)h(useful)g(when)f(using)
315 2119 y(gcc,)c(whic)o(h)h(adds)f(man)o(y)g Ft(-L)g
Fu(options)g(whic)o(h)h(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)h(on)f(NFS)g(moun)o(ted)g
(\014lesystems.)315 2183 y(F)l(or)21 b(compatibilit)o(y)i(with)f(other)
g(ELF)f(link)o(ers,)j(if)e(the)g Ft(-R)g Fu(option)f(is)i(follo)o(w)o
(ed)f(b)o(y)f(a)315 2238 y(directory)15 b(name,)g(rather)g(than)g(a)g
(\014le)h(name,)f(it)g(is)h(treated)f(as)g(the)g Ft(-rpath)f
Fu(option.)75 2311 y Ft(-rpath-link)g Fn(DIR)315 2366
y Fu(When)22 b(using)g(ELF)g(or)f(SunOS,)i(one)f(shared)g(library)g(ma)
o(y)f(require)h(another.)39 b(This)315 2421 y(happ)q(ens)15
b(when)g(an)f Ft(ld)h(-shared)e Fu(link)i(includes)i(a)c(shared)h
(library)h(as)f(one)g(of)g(the)g(input)315 2475 y(\014les.)315
2539 y(When)h(the)g(link)o(er)h(encoun)o(ters)f(suc)o(h)g(a)f(dep)q
(endency)j(when)e(doing)g(a)g(non-shared,)g(non-)315
2594 y(relo)q(cateable)h(link,)f(it)g(will)h(automatically)f(try)f(to)g
(lo)q(cate)h(the)f(required)i(shared)e(library)315 2649
y(and)19 b(include)h(it)f(in)h(the)e(link,)i(if)f(it)g(is)g(not)f
(included)j(explicitly)l(.)33 b(In)19 b(suc)o(h)g(a)f(case,)h(the)315
2704 y Ft(-rpath-link)12 b Fu(option)h(sp)q(eci\014es)i(the)e(\014rst)g
(set)f(of)h(directories)h(to)f(searc)o(h.)19 b(The)13
b Ft(-rpath-)315 2759 y(link)j Fu(option)i(ma)o(y)e(sp)q(ecify)j(a)d
(sequence)j(of)d(directory)h(names)g(either)h(b)o(y)f(sp)q(ecifying)i
(a)315 2813 y(list)d(of)f(names)g(separated)g(b)o(y)g(colons,)g(or)g(b)
o(y)g(app)q(earing)h(m)o(ultiple)h(times.)315 2878 y(The)e(link)o(er)i
(uses)e(the)h(follo)o(wing)f(searc)o(h)g(paths)g(to)g(lo)q(cate)h
(required)g(shared)f(libraries.)p eop
%%Page: 13 15
13 14 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(2:)k(In)o(v)o(o)q(cation)1315
b(13)340 391 y(1.)29 b(An)o(y)15 b(directories)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(b)o
(y)d Ft(-rpath-link)f Fu(options.)340 458 y(2.)29 b(An)o(y)22
b(directories)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(b)o(y)e Ft(-rpath)f
Fu(options.)40 b(The)23 b(di\013erence)g(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)f
Ft(-)405 513 y(rpath)12 b Fu(and)i Ft(-rpath-link)e Fu(is)h(that)g
(directories)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(b)o(y)f Ft(-rpath)e Fu(options)h(are)
405 568 y(included)k(in)e(the)f(executable)h(and)g(used)f(at)g(run)o
(time,)g(whereas)g(the)h Ft(-rpath-link)405 623 y Fu(option)g(is)h
(only)g(e\013ectiv)o(e)f(at)g(link)i(time.)340 690 y(3.)29
b(On)15 b(an)g(ELF)g(system,)f(if)i(the)f Ft(-rpath)f
Fu(and)h Ft(rpath-link)e Fu(options)j(w)o(ere)e(not)h(used,)405
745 y(searc)o(h)g(the)g(con)o(ten)o(ts)g(of)g(the)g(en)o(vironmen)o(t)g
(v)m(ariable)i Ft(LD_RUN_PATH)p Fu(.)340 812 y(4.)29
b(On)14 b(SunOS,)h(if)f(the)g Ft(-rpath)e Fu(option)i(w)o(as)f(not)g
(used,)i(searc)o(h)e(an)o(y)g(directories)i(sp)q(ec-)405
867 y(i\014ed)h(using)g Ft(-L)f Fu(options.)340 935 y(5.)29
b(F)l(or)14 b(a)g(nativ)o(e)h(link)o(er,)g(the)g(con)o(ten)o(ts)e(of)h
(the)h(en)o(vironmen)o(t)g(v)m(ariable)h Ft(LD_LIBRARY_)405
989 y(PATH)p Fu(.)340 1057 y(6.)29 b(The)15 b(default)h(directories,)g
(normally)g(`)p Ft(/lib)p Fu(')e(and)h(`)p Ft(/usr/lib)p
Fu('.)315 1137 y(If)i(the)f(required)h(shared)g(library)g(is)f(not)g
(found,)h(the)f(link)o(er)i(will)f(issue)h(a)e(w)o(arning)g(and)315
1192 y(con)o(tin)o(ue)g(with)f(the)h(link.)75 1272 y
Ft(-shared)75 1326 y(-Bshareable)315 1381 y Fu(Create)k(a)g(shared)h
(library)l(.)38 b(This)21 b(is)g(curren)o(tly)g(only)g(supp)q(orted)h
(on)e(ELF,)h(X)o(COFF)315 1436 y(and)14 b(SunOS)g(platforms.)19
b(On)14 b(SunOS,)g(the)f(link)o(er)i(will)g(automatically)f(create)f(a)
g(shared)315 1491 y(library)i(if)f(the)g Ft(-e)f Fu(option)h(is)g(not)f
(used)i(and)f(there)f(are)h(unde\014ned)h(sym)o(b)q(ols)g(in)f(the)g
(link.)75 1571 y Ft(--sort-common)315 1626 y Fu(This)k(option)f(tells)h
Ft(ld)f Fu(to)f(sort)h(the)g(common)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)g(b)o(y)g(size)h
(when)g(it)f(places)h(them)315 1681 y(in)f(the)g(appropriate)g(output)f
(sections.)25 b(First)16 b(come)g(all)i(the)f(one)f(b)o(yte)h(sym)o(b)q
(ols,)g(then)315 1735 y(all)g(the)g(t)o(w)o(o)e(b)o(ytes,)h(then)h(all)
g(the)f(four)g(b)o(ytes,)g(and)h(then)g(ev)o(erything)f(else.)25
b(This)17 b(is)g(to)315 1790 y(prev)o(en)o(t)e(gaps)g(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)
g(sym)o(b)q(ols)h(due)g(to)e(alignmen)o(t)i(constrain)o(ts.)75
1870 y Ft(--split-by-file)315 1925 y Fu(Similar)h(to)e
Ft(--split-by-reloc)f Fu(but)i(creates)f(a)g(new)h(output)g(section)g
(for)f(eac)o(h)h(input)315 1980 y(\014le.)75 2060 y Ft
(--split-by-reloc)d Fn(coun)o(t)315 2115 y Fu(T)l(rys)g(to)g(creates)h
(extra)f(sections)h(in)g(the)g(output)g(\014le)g(so)f(that)g(no)h
(single)h(output)e(section)315 2169 y(in)h(the)g(\014le)g(con)o(tains)f
(more)g(than)h Fn(coun)o(t)g Fu(relo)q(cations.)20 b(This)14
b(is)g(useful)g(when)g(generating)315 2224 y(h)o(uge)g(relo)q(catable)i
(for)e(do)o(wnloading)h(in)o(to)f(certain)h(real)g(time)f(k)o(ernels)h
(with)g(the)f(COFF)315 2279 y(ob)s(ject)e(\014le)i(format;)e(since)i
(COFF)e(cannot)h(represen)o(t)f(more)h(than)f(65535)g(relo)q(cations)h
(in)315 2334 y(a)i(single)i(section.)k(Note)15 b(that)g(this)h(will)h
(fail)f(to)f(w)o(ork)g(with)h(ob)s(ject)f(\014le)h(formats)e(whic)o(h)
315 2389 y(do)h(not)f(supp)q(ort)h(arbitrary)f(sections.)20
b(The)15 b(link)o(er)h(will)g(not)e(split)i(up)f(individual)j(input)315
2443 y(sections)c(for)f(redistribution,)i(so)e(if)h(a)f(single)i(input)
f(section)g(con)o(tains)g(more)f(than)g Fn(coun)o(t)315
2498 y Fu(relo)q(cations)j(one)f(output)g(section)h(will)h(con)o(tain)e
(that)g(man)o(y)f(relo)q(cations.)75 2578 y Ft(--stats)72
b Fu(Compute)16 b(and)g(displa)o(y)h(statistics)g(ab)q(out)f(the)g(op)q
(eration)g(of)g(the)g(link)o(er,)h(suc)o(h)g(as)e(exe-)315
2633 y(cution)h(time)f(and)h(memory)e(usage.)75 2713
y Ft(--traditional-format)315 2768 y Fu(F)l(or)j(some)h(targets,)e(the)
i(output)g(of)f Ft(ld)g Fu(is)i(di\013eren)o(t)f(in)g(some)g(w)o(a)o
(ys)e(from)h(the)h(output)315 2823 y(of)f(some)g(existing)h(link)o(er.)
27 b(This)18 b(switc)o(h)g(requests)f Ft(ld)g Fu(to)f(use)i(the)f
(traditional)h(format)315 2878 y(instead.)p eop
%%Page: 14 16
14 15 bop 75 149 a Fu(14)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
315 391 y(F)l(or)20 b(example,)i(on)e(SunOS,)h Ft(ld)g
Fu(com)o(bines)g(duplicate)h(en)o(tries)f(in)g(the)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)h
(string)315 446 y(table.)e(This)13 b(can)g(reduce)g(the)f(size)i(of)d
(an)i(output)f(\014le)h(with)g(full)h(debugging)f(information)315
500 y(b)o(y)k(o)o(v)o(er)g(30)f(p)q(ercen)o(t.)27 b(Unfortunately)l(,)
18 b(the)f(SunOS)h Ft(dbx)f Fu(program)f(can)i(not)f(read)g(the)315
555 y(resulting)h(program)d(\()p Ft(gdb)h Fu(has)g(no)h(trouble\).)24
b(The)17 b(`)p Ft(--traditional-format)p Fu(')c(switc)o(h)315
610 y(tells)j Ft(ld)f Fu(to)g(not)f(com)o(bine)i(duplicate)h(en)o
(tries.)75 691 y Ft(-Tbss)d Fn(org)75 746 y Ft(-Tdata)g
Fn(org)75 801 y Ft(-Ttext)g Fn(org)315 856 y Fu(Use)j
Fn(org)i Fu(as)e(the)f(starting)g(address)h(for|resp)q(ectiv)o(ely|the)
i Ft(bss)p Fu(,)d Ft(data)p Fu(,)g(or)g(the)h Ft(text)315
910 y Fu(segmen)o(t)e(of)g(the)h(output)f(\014le.)22
b Fn(org)d Fu(m)o(ust)c(b)q(e)h(a)f(single)i(hexadecimal)h(in)o(teger;)
d(for)g(com-)315 965 y(patibilit)o(y)j(with)f(other)f(link)o(ers,)h(y)o
(ou)f(ma)o(y)g(omit)g(the)h(leading)h(`)p Ft(0x)p Fu(')d(usually)j
(asso)q(ciated)315 1020 y(with)e(hexadecimal)g(v)m(alues.)75
1101 y Ft(-Ur)168 b Fu(F)l(or)12 b(an)o(ything)i(other)e(than)h(C)p
Ft(++)g Fu(programs,)f(this)h(option)h(is)f(equiv)m(alen)o(t)i(to)e(`)p
Ft(-r)p Fu(':)k(it)d(gen-)315 1156 y(erates)f(relo)q(catable)i
(output|i.e.,)e(an)h(output)f(\014le)i(that)e(can)h(in)g(turn)f(serv)o
(e)h(as)f(input)i(to)315 1211 y Ft(ld)p Fu(.)20 b(When)c(linking)h(C)p
Ft(++)e Fu(programs,)f(`)p Ft(-Ur)p Fu(')g Fn(do)q(es)k
Fu(resolv)o(e)d(references)h(to)f(constructors,)315 1266
y(unlik)o(e)j(`)p Ft(-r)p Fu('.)24 b(It)17 b(do)q(es)g(not)g(w)o(ork)f
(to)g(use)h(`)p Ft(-Ur)p Fu(')f(on)g(\014les)i(that)e(w)o(ere)h
(themselv)o(es)g(link)o(ed)315 1320 y(with)i(`)p Ft(-Ur)p
Fu(';)f(once)h(the)f(constructor)g(table)g(has)h(b)q(een)g(built,)h(it)
f(cannot)f(b)q(e)h(added)g(to.)315 1375 y(Use)c(`)p Ft(-Ur)p
Fu(')f(only)i(for)f(the)g(last)g(partial)h(link,)g(and)f(`)p
Ft(-r)p Fu(')f(for)h(the)g(others.)75 1457 y Ft(--verbose)315
1511 y Fu(Displa)o(y)21 b(the)f(v)o(ersion)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(for)e
Ft(ld)h Fu(and)h(list)g(the)f(link)o(er)i(em)o(ulations)f(supp)q
(orted.)315 1566 y(Displa)o(y)c(whic)o(h)g(input)h(\014les)f(can)g(and)
g(cannot)f(b)q(e)h(op)q(ened.)25 b(Displa)o(y)17 b(the)g(link)o(er)h
(script)315 1621 y(if)e(using)g(a)e(default)i(builtin)i(script.)75
1689 y Ft(--version-script=)p Fn(v)o(ersion-script\014le)315
1744 y Fu(Sp)q(ecify)g(the)e(name)g(of)f(a)h(v)o(ersion)g(script)g(to)f
(the)h(link)o(er.)24 b(This)16 b(is)h(t)o(ypically)g(used)f(when)315
1799 y(creating)21 b(shared)g(libraries)i(to)d(sp)q(ecify)i(additional)
h(information)e(ab)q(out)g(the)g(v)o(ersion)315 1853
y(heirarc)o(h)o(y)i(for)f(the)g(library)h(b)q(eing)h(created.)42
b(This)23 b(option)f(is)h(only)g(meaningful)h(on)315
1908 y(ELF)14 b(platforms)f(whic)o(h)h(supp)q(ort)g(shared)g
(libraries.)21 b(See)14 b(Section)g(3.7)f([V)l(ersion)h(Script],)315
1963 y(page)h(38.)75 2044 y Ft(--warn-common)315 2099
y Fu(W)l(arn)k(when)h(a)f(common)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(is)h(com)o(bined)g
(with)g(another)f(common)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(or)315 2154
y(with)h(a)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(de\014nition.)36 b(Unix)21
b(link)o(ers)g(allo)o(w)f(this)h(somewhat)e(slopp)o(y)i(practice,)315
2209 y(but)15 b(link)o(ers)h(on)f(some)f(other)h(op)q(erating)g
(systems)f(do)h(not.)k(This)d(option)f(allo)o(ws)g(y)o(ou)g(to)315
2263 y(\014nd)k(p)q(oten)o(tial)g(problems)f(from)g(com)o(bining)h
(global)g(sym)o(b)q(ols.)28 b(Unfortunately)l(,)19 b(some)315
2318 y(C)e(libraries)h(use)g(this)f(practice,)h(so)e(y)o(ou)h(ma)o(y)f
(get)h(some)f(w)o(arnings)h(ab)q(out)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)g(in)315
2373 y(the)e(libraries)i(as)e(w)o(ell)h(as)f(in)h(y)o(our)f(programs.)
315 2441 y(There)g(are)g(three)h(kinds)g(of)f(global)g(sym)o(b)q(ols,)h
(illustrated)g(here)g(b)o(y)f(C)g(examples:)315 2522
y(`)p Ft(int)f(i)h(=)g(1;)p Fu(')555 2577 y(A)d(de\014nition,)i(whic)o
(h)f(go)q(es)f(in)h(the)f(initialized)j(data)d(section)g(of)g(the)g
(output)555 2632 y(\014le.)315 2713 y(`)p Ft(extern)i(int)h(i;)p
Fu(')555 2768 y(An)f(unde\014ned)h(reference,)f(whic)o(h)g(do)q(es)g
(not)f(allo)q(cate)h(space.)20 b(There)14 b(m)o(ust)555
2823 y(b)q(e)k(either)h(a)e(de\014nition)i(or)e(a)g(common)h(sym)o(b)q
(ol)g(for)f(the)g(v)m(ariable)i(some-)555 2878 y(where.)p
eop
%%Page: 15 17
15 16 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(2:)k(In)o(v)o(o)q(cation)1315
b(15)315 391 y(`)p Ft(int)14 b(i;)p Fu(')80 b(A)10 b(common)g(sym)o(b)q
(ol.)19 b(If)11 b(there)f(are)g(only)h(\(one)f(or)g(more\))g(common)g
(sym)o(b)q(ols)555 446 y(for)g(a)g(v)m(ariable,)j(it)d(go)q(es)h(in)g
(the)g(uninitialize)q(d)i(data)d(area)g(of)g(the)h(output)f(\014le.)555
500 y(The)15 b(link)o(er)h(merges)f(m)o(ultiple)i(common)d(sym)o(b)q
(ols)i(for)e(the)h(same)g(v)m(ariable)555 555 y(in)o(to)c(a)g(single)h
(sym)o(b)q(ol.)19 b(If)11 b(they)g(are)g(of)g(di\013eren)o(t)g(sizes,)h
(it)f(pic)o(ks)h(the)f(largest)555 610 y(size.)20 b(The)14
b(link)o(er)g(turns)g(a)f(common)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(in)o(to)h(a)f
(declaration,)h(if)g(there)555 665 y(is)i(a)f(de\014nition)i(of)d(the)i
(same)f(v)m(ariable.)315 747 y(The)f(`)p Ft(--warn-common)p
Fu(')c(option)k(can)g(pro)q(duce)g(\014v)o(e)f(kinds)i(of)e(w)o
(arnings.)19 b(Eac)o(h)13 b(w)o(arning)315 801 y(consists)j(of)f(a)g
(pair)i(of)e(lines:)22 b(the)16 b(\014rst)f(describ)q(es)i(the)f(sym)o
(b)q(ol)g(just)g(encoun)o(tered,)g(and)315 856 y(the)21
b(second)h(describ)q(es)g(the)f(previous)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(encoun)o
(tered)h(with)g(the)f(same)f(name.)315 911 y(One)c(or)f(b)q(oth)g(of)g
(the)g(t)o(w)o(o)f(sym)o(b)q(ols)h(will)i(b)q(e)f(a)f(common)g(sym)o(b)
q(ol.)340 979 y(1.)29 b(T)l(urning)23 b(a)e(common)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(in)
o(to)g(a)f(reference,)j(b)q(ecause)f(there)f(is)g(already)g(a)405
1034 y(de\014nition)17 b(for)e(the)g(sym)o(b)q(ol.)525
1099 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p Fn(section)p Ft(\):)25 b(warning:)d(common)i
(of)f(`)p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r Ft(')597 1151 y(overridden)f(by)i
(definition)525 1203 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p Fn(section)p
Ft(\):)h(warning:)d(defined)h(here)340 1271 y Fu(2.)29
b(T)l(urning)18 b(a)e(common)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(in)o(to)g(a)g(reference,)
g(b)q(ecause)h(a)f(later)g(de\014nition)i(for)405 1326
y(the)e(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(is)h(encoun)o(tered.)26 b(This)18
b(is)f(the)g(same)g(as)g(the)g(previous)g(case,)g(except)405
1381 y(that)d(the)i(sym)o(b)q(ols)f(are)g(encoun)o(tered)h(in)g(a)f
(di\013eren)o(t)g(order.)525 1446 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p
Fn(section)p Ft(\):)25 b(warning:)d(definition)h(of)h(`)p
Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r Ft(')597 1498 y(overriding)e(common)525
1550 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p Fn(section)p Ft(\):)j(warning:)d(common)i
(is)f(here)340 1618 y Fu(3.)29 b(Merging)15 b(a)g(common)g(sym)o(b)q
(ol)g(with)h(a)f(previous)h(same-sized)g(common)f(sym)o(b)q(ol.)525
1684 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p Fn(section)p Ft(\):)25 b(warning:)d
(multiple)h(common)597 1736 y(of)g(`)p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r
Ft(')525 1787 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p Fn(section)p Ft(\):)i(warning:)d
(previous)h(common)g(is)h(here)340 1856 y Fu(4.)29 b(Merging)15
b(a)g(common)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(with)h(a)f(previous)h(larger)f(common)g
(sym)o(b)q(ol.)525 1921 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p Fn(section)p
Ft(\):)25 b(warning:)d(common)i(of)f(`)p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r
Ft(')597 1973 y(overridden)f(by)i(larger)f(common)525
2025 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p Fn(section)p Ft(\):)i(warning:)d(larger)i
(common)f(is)g(here)340 2093 y Fu(5.)29 b(Merging)14
b(a)h(common)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(with)g(a)f(previous)h(smaller)g(common)f
(sym)o(b)q(ol.)20 b(This)405 2148 y(is)c(the)f(same)g(as)g(the)g
(previous)h(case,)f(except)h(that)e(the)i(sym)o(b)q(ols)f(are)g(encoun)
o(tered)405 2203 y(in)h(a)f(di\013eren)o(t)g(order.)525
2268 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p Fn(section)p Ft(\):)25 b(warning:)d(common)i
(of)f(`)p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r Ft(')597 2320 y(overriding)f(smaller)h
(common)525 2372 y Fn(\014le)s Ft(\()p Fn(section)p Ft(\):)i(warning:)d
(smaller)h(common)g(is)h(here)75 2467 y(--warn-constructors)315
2522 y Fu(W)l(arn)17 b(if)g(an)o(y)g(global)g(constructors)f(are)h
(used.)25 b(This)18 b(is)f(only)h(useful)g(for)e(a)h(few)g(ob)s(ject)
315 2577 y(\014le)g(formats.)j(F)l(or)c(formats)e(lik)o(e)j(COFF)e(or)h
(ELF,)f(the)h(link)o(er)h(can)f(not)g(detect)g(the)g(use)315
2631 y(of)f(global)h(constructors.)75 2713 y Ft(--warn-multiple-gp)315
2768 y Fu(W)l(arn)h(if)h(m)o(ultiple)h(global)f(p)q(oin)o(ter)f(v)m
(alues)i(are)e(required)h(in)g(the)f(output)h(\014le.)27
b(This)17 b(is)315 2823 y(only)i(meaningful)h(for)e(certain)h(pro)q
(cessors,)g(suc)o(h)f(as)h(the)f(Alpha.)31 b(Sp)q(eci\014cally)l(,)22
b(some)315 2878 y(pro)q(cessors)d(put)h(large-v)m(alued)h(constan)o(ts)
e(in)h(a)f(sp)q(ecial)j(section.)33 b(A)20 b(sp)q(ecial)h(register)p
eop
%%Page: 16 18
16 17 bop 75 149 a Fu(16)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
315 391 y(\(the)k(global)i(p)q(oin)o(ter\))f(p)q(oin)o(ts)g(in)o(to)f
(the)h(middle)h(of)f(this)g(section,)h(so)e(that)g(constan)o(ts)315
446 y(can)14 b(b)q(e)g(loaded)g(e\016cien)o(tly)h(via)f(a)g
(base-register)g(relativ)o(e)g(addressing)g(mo)q(de.)20
b(Since)15 b(the)315 500 y(o\013set)f(in)i(base-register)g(relativ)o(e)
f(mo)q(de)h(is)f(\014xed)h(and)g(relativ)o(ely)g(small)g(\(e.g.,)e(16)g
(bits\),)315 555 y(this)19 b(limits)h(the)e(maxim)o(um)h(size)g(of)f
(the)h(constan)o(t)e(p)q(o)q(ol.)31 b(Th)o(us,)19 b(in)g(large)g
(programs,)315 610 y(it)g(is)f(often)h(necessary)f(to)g(use)h(m)o
(ultiple)h(global)f(p)q(oin)o(ter)g(v)m(alues)g(in)g(order)f(to)g(b)q
(e)h(able)315 665 y(to)g(address)g(all)h(p)q(ossible)h(constan)o(ts.)31
b(This)20 b(option)g(causes)f(a)g(w)o(arning)g(to)g(b)q(e)h(issued)315
720 y(whenev)o(er)c(this)f(case)g(o)q(ccurs.)75 797 y
Ft(--warn-once)315 852 y Fu(Only)g(w)o(arn)e(once)h(for)f(eac)o(h)h
(unde\014ned)i(sym)o(b)q(ol,)e(rather)f(than)h(once)g(p)q(er)g(mo)q
(dule)h(whic)o(h)315 907 y(refers)g(to)g(it.)75 984 y
Ft(--warn-section-align)315 1039 y Fu(W)l(arn)22 b(if)h(the)g(address)g
(of)f(an)g(output)h(section)g(is)g(c)o(hanged)g(b)q(ecause)h(of)e
(alignmen)o(t.)315 1094 y(T)o(ypically)l(,)17 b(the)e(alignmen)o(t)h
(will)g(b)q(e)g(set)f(b)o(y)g(an)g(input)i(section.)j(The)15
b(address)h(will)g(only)315 1149 y(b)q(e)23 b(c)o(hanged)f(if)h(it)f
(not)f(explicitly)k(sp)q(eci\014ed;)i(that)22 b(is,)i(if)e(the)g
Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(command)315 1203 y(do)q(es)c(not)g(sp)q(ecify)i(a)d
(start)g(address)h(for)g(the)g(section)h(\(see)f(Section)h(3.4)e
([SECTIONS],)315 1258 y(page)f(26\).)75 1336 y Ft(--whole-archive)315
1391 y Fu(F)l(or)i(eac)o(h)g(arc)o(hiv)o(e)h(men)o(tioned)g(on)f(the)h
(command)f(line)i(after)e(the)g Ft(--whole-archive)315
1445 y Fu(option,)c(include)j(ev)o(ery)c(ob)s(ject)h(\014le)h(in)g(the)
f(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g(in)h(the)f(link,)h(rather)f(than)g(searc)o(hing)315
1500 y(the)e(arc)o(hiv)o(e)h(for)f(the)g(required)i(ob)s(ject)e
(\014les.)19 b(This)12 b(is)g(normally)g(used)g(to)f(turn)g(an)h(arc)o
(hiv)o(e)315 1555 y(\014le)20 b(in)o(to)e(a)g(shared)h(library)l(,)h
(forcing)f(ev)o(ery)f(ob)s(ject)g(to)g(b)q(e)i(included)h(in)e(the)g
(resulting)315 1610 y(shared)c(library)l(.)21 b(This)16
b(option)f(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)h(used)g(more)e(than)h(once.)75
1687 y Ft(--wrap)f Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)315 1742 y Fu(Use)h(a)f(wrapp)q(er)h
(function)h(for)e Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)p Fu(.)20 b(An)o(y)15
b(unde\014ned)h(reference)g(to)e Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)j Fu(will)f(b)q(e)315
1797 y(resolv)o(ed)d(to)f Ft(__wrap_)p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r
Fu(.)19 b(An)o(y)12 b(unde\014ned)j(reference)f(to)e
Ft(__real_)p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)i Fu(will)g(b)q(e)315 1852
y(resolv)o(ed)i(to)e Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)p Fu(.)315 1918
y(This)e(can)f(b)q(e)h(used)g(to)f(pro)o(vide)h(a)f(wrapp)q(er)g(for)g
(a)g(system)g(function.)19 b(The)12 b(wrapp)q(er)f(func-)315
1973 y(tion)16 b(should)i(b)q(e)e(called)i Ft(__wrap_)p
Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r Fu(.)k(If)16 b(it)h(wishes)g(to)e(call)j(the)e
(system)f(function,)315 2028 y(it)g(should)i(call)f Ft(__real_)p
Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r Fu(.)315 2094 y(Here)f(is)h(a)f(trivial)h(example:)
435 2157 y Ft(void)23 b(*)435 2209 y(__wrap_malloc)f(\(int)h(c\))435
2261 y({)483 2313 y(printf)g(\("malloc)g(called)g(with)g(\045ld\\n",)g
(c\);)483 2365 y(return)g(__real_malloc)f(\(c\);)435
2416 y(})315 2483 y Fu(If)11 b(y)o(ou)f(link)i(other)e(co)q(de)h(with)g
(this)g(\014le)g(using)h Ft(--wrap)i(malloc)p Fu(,)c(then)h(all)g
(calls)h(to)e Ft(malloc)315 2537 y Fu(will)20 b(call)g(the)e(function)i
Ft(__wrap_malloc)c Fu(instead.)30 b(The)19 b(call)h(to)d
Ft(__real_malloc)g Fu(in)315 2592 y Ft(__wrap_malloc)c
Fu(will)k(call)g(the)e(real)g Ft(malloc)g Fu(function.)315
2658 y(Y)l(ou)f(ma)o(y)f(wish)h(to)f(pro)o(vide)h(a)f
Ft(__real_malloc)f Fu(function)j(as)e(w)o(ell,)h(so)g(that)e(links)j
(with-)315 2713 y(out)20 b(the)g Ft(--wrap)f Fu(option)i(will)g
(succeed.)36 b(If)21 b(y)o(ou)e(do)i(this,)g(y)o(ou)f(should)h(not)f
(put)g(the)315 2768 y(de\014nition)d(of)e Ft(__real_malloc)f
Fu(in)i(the)f(same)g(\014le)i(as)e Ft(__wrap_malloc)p
Fu(;)e(if)j(y)o(ou)f(do,)g(the)315 2823 y(assem)o(bler)21
b(ma)o(y)g(resolv)o(e)g(the)g(call)h(b)q(efore)f(the)g(link)o(er)h(has)
f(a)g(c)o(hance)g(to)g(wrap)f(it)i(to)315 2878 y Ft(malloc)p
Fu(.)p eop
%%Page: 17 19
17 18 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(2:)k(In)o(v)o(o)q(cation)1315
b(17)75 391 y Fs(2.2)33 b(En)n(vironmen)n(t)25 b(V)-6
b(ariables)75 487 y Fu(Y)l(ou)29 b(can)f(c)o(hange)h(the)f(b)q(eha)o
(vior)h(of)f Ft(ld)h Fu(with)f(the)h(en)o(vironmen)o(t)g(v)m(ariables)h
Ft(GNUTARGET)d Fu(and)75 542 y Ft(LDEMULATION)p Fu(.)75
609 y Ft(GNUTARGET)18 b Fu(determines)j(the)e(input-\014le)j(ob)s(ject)
d(format)f(if)i(y)o(ou)f(don't)h(use)f(`)p Ft(-b)p Fu(')g(\(or)g(its)g
(synon)o(ym)75 664 y(`)p Ft(--format)p Fu('\).)e(Its)e(v)m(alue)g
(should)g(b)q(e)g(one)g(of)f(the)g(BFD)g(names)g(for)g(an)g(input)h
(format)e(\(see)h(Chapter)g(5)75 719 y([BFD],)g(page)i(47\).)21
b(If)c(there)f(is)g(no)g Ft(GNUTARGET)f Fu(in)h(the)g(en)o(vironmen)o
(t,)g Ft(ld)g Fu(uses)g(the)g(natural)g(format)75 774
y(of)j(the)g(target.)31 b(If)19 b Ft(GNUTARGET)f Fu(is)i(set)f(to)f
Ft(default)g Fu(then)i(BFD)f(attempts)f(to)g(disco)o(v)o(er)i(the)f
(input)75 828 y(format)13 b(b)o(y)h(examining)h(binary)g(input)g
(\014les;)g(this)g(metho)q(d)f(often)g(succeeds,)h(but)f(there)g(are)g
(p)q(oten)o(tial)75 883 y(am)o(biguities,)20 b(since)f(there)f(is)h(no)
f(metho)q(d)g(of)g(ensuring)h(that)f(the)g(magic)g(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g
(used)h(to)f(sp)q(ecify)75 938 y(ob)s(ject-\014le)13
b(formats)e(is)i(unique.)21 b(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)11 b(the)i
(con\014guration)f(pro)q(cedure)i(for)e(BFD)g(on)g(eac)o(h)g(system)75
993 y(places)20 b(the)f(con)o(v)o(en)o(tional)g(format)f(for)g(that)g
(system)g(\014rst)h(in)h(the)e(searc)o(h-list,)j(so)d(am)o(biguities)i
(are)75 1048 y(resolv)o(ed)c(in)g(fa)o(v)o(or)d(of)i(con)o(v)o(en)o
(tion.)75 1115 y Ft(LDEMULATION)d Fu(determines)i(the)f(default)g(em)o
(ulation)h(if)g(y)o(ou)f(don't)f(use)i(the)f(`)p Ft(-m)p
Fu(')f(option.)19 b(The)13 b(em)o(ula-)75 1170 y(tion)f(can)g(a\013ect)
f(v)m(arious)h(asp)q(ects)g(of)f(link)o(er)i(b)q(eha)o(viour,)g
(particularly)g(the)f(default)h(link)o(er)g(script.)19
b(Y)l(ou)75 1224 y(can)d(list)g(the)g(a)o(v)m(ailable)h(em)o(ulations)f
(with)g(the)f(`)p Ft(--verbose)p Fu(')f(or)h(`)p Ft(-V)p
Fu(')f(options.)21 b(If)16 b(the)f(`)p Ft(-m)p Fu(')g(option)g(is)75
1279 y(not)g(used,)h(and)g(the)f Ft(LDEMULATION)f Fu(en)o(vironmen)o(t)
i(v)m(ariable)h(is)f(not)f(de\014ned,)i(the)e(default)h(em)o(ulation)75
1334 y(dep)q(ends)h(up)q(on)f(ho)o(w)e(the)i(link)o(er)g(w)o(as)e
(con\014gured.)p eop
%%Page: 18 20
18 19 bop 75 149 a Fu(18)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
p eop
%%Page: 19 21
19 20 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(19)75 391 y Fp(3)41 b(Command)28 b(Language)75 510
y Fu(The)18 b(command)f(language)h(pro)o(vides)g(explicit)h(con)o(trol)
f(o)o(v)o(er)e(the)i(link)h(pro)q(cess,)f(allo)o(wing)g(complete)75
564 y(sp)q(eci\014cation)f(of)e(the)g(mapping)h(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)g(the)
f(link)o(er's)h(input)g(\014les)g(and)g(its)f(output.)20
b(It)15 b(con)o(trols:)112 632 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(input)16
b(\014les)112 700 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(\014le)16 b(formats)112
767 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(output)15 b(\014le)h(la)o(y)o(out)112
835 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(addresses)15 b(of)g(sections)112
903 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(placemen)o(t)16 b(of)f(common)f(blo)q(c)o(ks)75
983 y(Y)l(ou)f(ma)o(y)e(supply)j(a)e(command)h(\014le)g(\(also)f(kno)o
(wn)g(as)h(a)f(link)o(er)h(script\))g(to)f(the)g(link)o(er)i(either)f
(explicitly)75 1038 y(through)i(the)g(`)p Ft(-T)p Fu(')e(option,)i(or)g
(implicitly)j(as)c(an)h(ordinary)g(\014le.)21 b(Normally)15
b(y)o(ou)g(should)h(use)f(the)g(`)p Ft(-T)p Fu(')75 1093
y(option.)29 b(An)18 b(implicit)i(link)o(er)g(script)e(should)h(only)g
(b)q(e)g(used)f(when)h(y)o(ou)e(w)o(an)o(t)g(to)h(augmen)o(t,)g(rather)
75 1148 y(than)d(replace,)g(the)g(default)g(link)o(er)i(script;)e(t)o
(ypically)h(an)f(implicit)i(link)o(er)f(script)f(w)o(ould)g(consist)g
(only)75 1202 y(of)g Ft(INPUT)f Fu(or)h Ft(GROUP)f Fu(commands.)75
1270 y(If)h(the)f(link)o(er)i(op)q(ens)f(a)f(\014le)h(whic)o(h)h(it)e
(cannot)h(recognize)g(as)f(a)g(supp)q(orted)h(ob)s(ject)f(or)g(arc)o
(hiv)o(e)h(format,)75 1325 y(nor)g(as)g(a)g(link)o(er)h(script,)f(it)h
(rep)q(orts)f(an)g(error.)75 1455 y Fs(3.1)33 b(Link)n(er)24
b(Scripts)75 1552 y Fu(The)16 b Ft(ld)f Fu(command)h(language)f(is)h(a)
g(collection)h(of)e(statemen)o(ts;)g(some)g(are)g(simple)i(k)o(eyw)o
(ords)e(setting)75 1607 y(a)f(particular)i(option,)e(some)h(are)f(used)
i(to)e(select)h(and)g(group)f(input)i(\014les)g(or)e(name)h(output)f
(\014les;)i(and)75 1662 y(t)o(w)o(o)e(statemen)o(t)g(t)o(yp)q(es)h(ha)o
(v)o(e)g(a)g(fundamen)o(tal)g(and)h(p)q(erv)m(asiv)o(e)g(impact)g(on)f
(the)g(linking)i(pro)q(cess.)75 1729 y(The)g(most)e(fundamen)o(tal)i
(command)f(of)g(the)h Ft(ld)f Fu(command)g(language)g(is)h(the)g
Ft(SECTIONS)e Fu(command)75 1784 y(\(see)k(Section)g(3.4)f([SECTIONS],)
h(page)f(26\).)30 b(Ev)o(ery)19 b(meaningful)h(command)e(script)i(m)o
(ust)e(ha)o(v)o(e)g(a)75 1839 y Ft(SECTIONS)d Fu(command:)23
b(it)16 b(sp)q(eci\014es)j(a)d(\\picture")h(of)f(the)g(output)g
(\014le's)i(la)o(y)o(out,)d(in)j(v)m(arying)f(degrees)75
1894 y(of)e(detail.)21 b(No)15 b(other)f(command)i(is)f(required)i(in)f
(all)g(cases.)75 1962 y(The)i Ft(MEMORY)f Fu(command)h(complemen)o(ts)g
Ft(SECTIONS)e Fu(b)o(y)i(describing)i(the)e(a)o(v)m(ailable)h(memory)e
(in)i(the)75 2017 y(target)f(arc)o(hitecture.)32 b(This)20
b(command)f(is)h(optional;)h(if)e(y)o(ou)g(don't)g(use)g(a)g
Ft(MEMORY)g Fu(command,)g Ft(ld)75 2071 y Fu(assumes)14
b(su\016cien)o(t)i(memory)e(is)h(a)o(v)m(ailable)h(in)f(a)g(con)o
(tiguous)f(blo)q(c)o(k)h(for)f(all)i(output.)j(See)c(Section)h(3.3)75
2126 y([MEMOR)l(Y],)e(page)h(25.)75 2194 y(Y)l(ou)h(ma)o(y)e(include)k
(commen)o(ts)d(in)h(link)o(er)h(scripts)f(just)f(as)g(in)h(C:)f
(delimited)j(b)o(y)d(`)p Ft(/*)p Fu(')g(and)g(`)p Ft(*/)p
Fu('.)20 b(As)15 b(in)75 2249 y(C,)g(commen)o(ts)f(are)h(syn)o
(tactically)h(equiv)m(alen)o(t)h(to)e(whitespace.)75
2379 y Fs(3.2)33 b(Expressions)75 2476 y Fu(Man)o(y)17
b(useful)h(commands)f(in)o(v)o(olv)o(e)h(arithmetic)g(expressions.)28
b(The)17 b(syn)o(tax)g(for)f(expressions)j(in)f(the)75
2531 y(command)d(language)g(is)h(iden)o(tical)h(to)e(that)f(of)h(C)g
(expressions,)h(with)f(the)g(follo)o(wing)h(features:)112
2599 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(All)16 b(expressions)g(ev)m(aluated)h(as)e(in)o
(tegers)g(and)g(are)g(of)g(\\long")g(or)g(\\unsigned)h(long")f(t)o(yp)q
(e.)112 2666 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(All)16 b(constan)o(ts)f(are)g(in)o
(tegers.)112 2734 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(All)16 b(of)f(the)h(C)f(arithmetic)
g(op)q(erators)g(are)f(pro)o(vided.)112 2801 y Fq(\017)30
b Fu(Y)l(ou)15 b(ma)o(y)g(reference,)g(de\014ne,)h(and)g(create)f
(global)h(v)m(ariables.)112 2869 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(Y)l(ou)15
b(ma)o(y)g(call)h(sp)q(ecial)h(purp)q(ose)f(built-in)i(functions.)p
eop
%%Page: 20 22
20 21 bop 75 149 a Fu(20)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Fk(3.2.1)30 b(In)n(tegers)75 488 y Fu(An)15
b(o)q(ctal)h(in)o(teger)f(is)h(`)p Ft(0)p Fu(')e(follo)o(w)o(ed)i(b)o
(y)f(zero)g(or)g(more)f(of)h(the)g(o)q(ctal)h(digits)g(\(`)p
Ft(01234567)p Fu('\).)195 552 y Ft(_as_octal)23 b(=)g(0157255;)75
620 y Fu(A)11 b(decimal)h(in)o(teger)e(starts)g(with)g(a)h(non-zero)f
(digit)i(follo)o(w)o(ed)f(b)o(y)f(zero)h(or)f(more)g(digits)h(\(`)p
Ft(0123456789)p Fu('\).)195 685 y Ft(_as_decimal)22 b(=)i(57005;)75
752 y Fu(A)19 b(hexadecimal)j(in)o(teger)d(is)h(`)p Ft(0x)p
Fu(')e(or)h(`)p Ft(0X)p Fu(')g(follo)o(w)o(ed)h(b)o(y)f(one)g(or)g
(more)g(hexadecimal)i(digits)g(c)o(hosen)75 807 y(from)14
b(`)p Ft(0123456789abcdefABCDEF)p Fu('.)195 872 y Ft(_as_hex)23
b(=)h(0xdead;)75 940 y Fu(T)l(o)f(write)h(a)f(negativ)o(e)g(in)o
(teger,)j(use)d(the)h(pre\014x)g(op)q(erator)e(`)p Ft(-)p
Fu(')h(\(see)g(Section)i(3.2.4)c([Op)q(erators],)75 994
y(page)15 b(21\).)195 1059 y Ft(_as_neg)23 b(=)h(-57005;)75
1127 y Fu(Additionally)g(the)e(su\016xes)g Ft(K)g Fu(and)g
Ft(M)g Fu(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)h(used)h(to)e(scale)h(a)g(constan)o(t)f(b)o(y)
65 b(1024)21 b(or)g(1024)1856 1108 y Fj(2)75 1182 y Fu(resp)q(ectiv)o
(ely)l(.)h(F)l(or)14 b(example,)i(the)f(follo)o(wing)h(all)g(refer)f
(to)g(the)g(same)g(quan)o(tit)o(y:)386 1246 y Ft(_fourk_1)23
b(=)g(4K;)386 1298 y(_fourk_2)g(=)g(4096;)386 1350 y(_fourk_3)g(=)g
(0x1000;)75 1463 y Fk(3.2.2)30 b(Sym)n(b)r(ol)21 b(Names)75
1560 y Fu(Unless)15 b(quoted,)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(names)f(start)f(with)h
(a)g(letter,)g(underscore,)h(or)e(p)q(oin)o(t)i(and)f(ma)o(y)g(include)
i(an)o(y)75 1614 y(letters,)d(underscores,)h(digits,)g(p)q(oin)o(ts,)f
(and)g(h)o(yphens.)20 b(Unquoted)14 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(names)g(m)o(ust)f
(not)h(con\015ict)75 1669 y(with)19 b(an)o(y)g(k)o(eyw)o(ords.)30
b(Y)l(ou)20 b(can)f(sp)q(ecify)h(a)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(whic)o(h)h(con)o
(tains)f(o)q(dd)g(c)o(haracters)g(or)f(has)h(the)75 1724
y(same)c(name)g(as)g(a)g(k)o(eyw)o(ord,)f(b)o(y)h(surrounding)h(the)f
(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(name)f(in)h(double)h(quotes:)386 1789
y Ft("SECTION")23 b(=)g(9;)386 1841 y("with)g(a)h(space")f(=)h("also)f
(with)g(a)h(space")f(+)h(10;)75 1908 y Fu(Since)18 b(sym)o(b)q(ols)f
(can)g(con)o(tain)g(man)o(y)f(non-alphab)q(etic)i(c)o(haracters,)e(it)h
(is)g(safest)f(to)g(delimit)j(sym)o(b)q(ols)75 1963 y(with)f(spaces.)27
b(F)l(or)17 b(example,)h(`)p Ft(A-B)p Fu(')f(is)h(one)g(sym)o(b)q(ol,)g
(whereas)f(`)p Ft(A)e(-)g(B)p Fu(')i(is)h(an)f(expression)i(in)o(v)o
(olving)75 2018 y(subtraction.)75 2131 y Fk(3.2.3)30
b(The)20 b(Lo)r(cation)g(Coun)n(ter)75 2228 y Fu(The)11
b(sp)q(ecial)i(link)o(er)f(v)m(ariable)h Fn(dot)f Fu(`)p
Ft(.)p Fu(')e(alw)o(a)o(ys)g(con)o(tains)h(the)g(curren)o(t)g(output)g
(lo)q(cation)h(coun)o(ter.)18 b(Since)75 2282 y(the)12
b Ft(.)g Fu(alw)o(a)o(ys)f(refers)g(to)h(a)f(lo)q(cation)i(in)g(an)e
(output)h(section,)h(it)f(m)o(ust)f(alw)o(a)o(ys)g(app)q(ear)i(in)f(an)
g(expression)75 2337 y(within)i(a)e Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(command.)19
b(The)12 b Ft(.)h Fu(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(ma)o(y)g(app)q(ear)h(an)o(ywhere)f
(that)g(an)g(ordinary)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)75 2392 y(is)i(allo)o(w)o(ed)h(in)
f(an)g(expression,)g(but)g(its)g(assignmen)o(ts)g(ha)o(v)o(e)f(a)h
(side)h(e\013ect.)j(Assigning)d(a)f(v)m(alue)h(to)e(the)75
2447 y Ft(.)i Fu(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(will)i(cause)e(the)f(lo)q(cation)i
(coun)o(ter)e(to)g(b)q(e)h(mo)o(v)o(ed.)48 b(This)18
b(ma)o(y)d(b)q(e)j(used)f(to)f(create)g(holes)75 2501
y(in)g(the)f(output)g(section.)21 b(The)15 b(lo)q(cation)h(coun)o(ter)f
(ma)o(y)g(nev)o(er)g(b)q(e)h(mo)o(v)o(ed)f(bac)o(kw)o(ards.)195
2566 y Ft(SECTIONS)195 2618 y({)243 2670 y(output)23
b(:)243 2722 y({)243 2774 y(file1\(.text\))243 2826 y(.)g(=)h(.)g(+)g
(1000;)243 2878 y(file2\(.text\))p eop
%%Page: 21 23
21 22 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(21)243 391 y Ft(.)23 b(+=)h(1000;)243 443 y(file3\(.text\))243
495 y(})f(=)h(0x1234;)195 546 y(})75 614 y Fu(In)13 b(the)g(previous)h
(example,)g Ft(file1)e Fu(is)h(lo)q(cated)g(at)g(the)f(b)q(eginning)j
(of)e(the)g(output)f(section,)i(then)f(there)75 669 y(is)g(a)f(1000)f
(b)o(yte)h(gap.)19 b(Then)12 b Ft(file2)g Fu(app)q(ears,)g(also)h(with)
f(a)g(1000)f(b)o(yte)h(gap)g(follo)o(wing)h(b)q(efore)g
Ft(file3)e Fu(is)75 723 y(loaded.)21 b(The)15 b(notation)f(`)p
Ft(=)h(0x1234)p Fu(')f(sp)q(eci\014es)i(what)f(data)f(to)g(write)h(in)h
(the)f(gaps)g(\(see)g(Section)h(3.4.4)75 778 y([Section)g(Options],)f
(page)g(32\).)75 1194 y Fk(3.2.4)30 b(Op)r(erators)75
1290 y Fu(The)12 b(link)o(er)h(recognizes)f(the)g(standard)f(C)g(set)h
(of)f(arithmetic)h(op)q(erators,)f(with)h(the)g(standard)f(bindings)75
1345 y(and)k(precedence)i(lev)o(els:)p 195 1427 1136
2 v 195 1435 2 9 v 447 1435 V 751 1435 V 1329 1435 V
195 1490 2 55 v 212 1474 a(Precedence)p 447 1490 V 33
w(Asso)q(ciativit)o(y)p 751 1490 V 221 w(Op)q(erators)p
1329 1490 V 195 1499 2 9 v 447 1499 V 751 1499 V 1329
1499 V 195 1501 1136 2 v 195 1509 2 9 v 447 1509 V 751
1509 V 1329 1509 V 195 1563 2 55 v 251 1547 a(highest)p
447 1563 V 751 1563 V 1329 1563 V 195 1618 V 311 1602
a(1)p 447 1618 V 234 w(left)p 751 1618 V 339 w Ft(-)24
b(~)f(!)96 b Fq(y)p 1329 1618 V 195 1673 V 311 1657 a
Fu(2)p 447 1673 V 234 w(left)p 751 1673 V 349 w Ft(*)24
b(/)g(\045)p 1329 1673 V 195 1728 V 311 1712 a Fu(3)p
447 1728 V 234 w(left)p 751 1728 V 373 w Ft(+)g(-)p 1329
1728 V 195 1782 V 311 1767 a Fu(4)p 447 1782 V 234 w(left)p
751 1782 V 349 w Ft(>>)g(<<)p 1329 1782 V 195 1837 V
311 1821 a Fu(5)p 447 1837 V 234 w(left)p 751 1837 V
230 w Ft(==)f(!=)h(>)g(<)f(<=)h(>=)p 1329 1837 V 195
1892 V 311 1876 a Fu(6)p 447 1892 V 234 w(left)p 751
1892 V 397 w Ft(&)p 1329 1892 V 195 1947 V 311 1931 a
Fu(7)p 447 1947 V 234 w(left)p 751 1947 V 397 w Ft(|)p
1329 1947 V 195 2002 V 311 1986 a Fu(8)p 447 2002 V 234
w(left)p 751 2002 V 385 w Ft(&&)p 1329 2002 V 195 2056
V 311 2040 a Fu(9)p 447 2056 V 234 w(left)p 751 2056
V 385 w Ft(||)p 1329 2056 V 195 2111 V 299 2095 a Fu(10)p
447 2111 V 208 w(righ)o(t)p 751 2111 V 345 w Ft(?)48
b(:)p 1329 2111 V 195 2166 V 299 2150 a Fu(11)p 447 2166
V 208 w(righ)o(t)p 751 2166 V 216 w Ft(&=)23 b(+=)h(-=)f(*=)h(/=)95
b Fq(z)p 1329 2166 V 195 2221 V 261 2205 a Fu(lo)o(w)o(est)p
447 2221 V 751 2221 V 1329 2221 V 195 2229 2 9 v 447
2229 V 751 2229 V 1329 2229 V 195 2231 1136 2 v 75 2286
a Fq(y)46 b Fu(Pre\014x)15 b(op)q(erators.)75 2340 y
Fq(z)46 b Fu(See)15 b(Section)i(3.2.6)c([Assignmen)o(t],)h(page)i(22.)
75 2452 y Fk(3.2.5)30 b(Ev)m(aluation)75 2549 y Fu(The)21
b(link)o(er)h(uses)f(\\lazy)f(ev)m(aluation")i(for)e(expressions;)k(it)
d(only)g(calculates)g(an)g(expression)g(when)75 2604
y(absolutely)f(necessary)l(.)30 b(The)19 b(link)o(er)h(needs)f(the)g(v)
m(alue)g(of)g(the)f(start)g(address,)h(and)g(the)f(lengths)h(of)75
2658 y(memory)f(regions,)i(in)f(order)g(to)f(do)h(an)o(y)f(linking)j
(at)d(all;)k(these)d(v)m(alues)h(are)e(computed)h(as)g(so)q(on)f(as)75
2713 y(p)q(ossible)e(when)f(the)g(link)o(er)h(reads)e(in)h(the)g
(command)f(\014le.)21 b(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)13 b(other)h(v)m(alues)i
(\(suc)o(h)e(as)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)75 2768 y(v)m(alues\))j(are)f(not)g(kno)
o(wn)g(or)g(needed)i(un)o(til)f(after)f(storage)f(allo)q(cation.)27
b(Suc)o(h)18 b(v)m(alues)h(are)e(ev)m(aluated)75 2823
y(later,)g(when)h(other)f(information)h(\(suc)o(h)f(as)g(the)g(sizes)h
(of)f(output)g(sections\))h(is)g(a)o(v)m(ailable)h(for)d(use)i(in)75
2878 y(the)d(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(assignmen)o(t)f(expression.)p
eop
%%Page: 22 24
22 23 bop 75 149 a Fu(22)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Fk(3.2.6)30 b(Assignmen)n(t:)h(De\014ning)21
b(Sym)n(b)r(ols)75 489 y Fu(Y)l(ou)15 b(ma)o(y)f(create)h(global)g(sym)
o(b)q(ols,)g(and)g(assign)g(v)m(alues)h(\(addresses\))e(to)g(global)i
(sym)o(b)q(ols,)f(using)g(an)o(y)75 543 y(of)g(the)g(C)g(assignmen)o(t)
g(op)q(erators:)75 625 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)i Ft(=)e Fn(expression)h
Ft(;)75 680 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)h Ft(&=)e Fn(expression)h
Ft(;)75 735 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)h Ft(+=)e Fn(expression)h
Ft(;)75 790 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)h Ft(-=)e Fn(expression)h
Ft(;)75 844 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)h Ft(*=)e Fn(expression)h
Ft(;)75 899 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)h Ft(/=)e Fn(expression)h
Ft(;)75 968 y Fu(Tw)o(o)e(things)i(distinguish)h(assignmen)o(t)e(from)g
(other)g(op)q(erators)f(in)i Ft(ld)f Fu(expressions.)112
1036 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(Assignmen)o(t)19 b(ma)o(y)f(only)h(b)q(e)g(used)
h(at)e(the)g(ro)q(ot)g(of)h(an)f(expression;)j(`)p Ft(a=b+3;)p
Fu(')c(is)i(allo)o(w)o(ed,)h(but)165 1091 y(`)p Ft(a+b=3;)p
Fu(')14 b(is)h(an)g(error.)112 1159 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(Y)l(ou)15
b(m)o(ust)g(place)h(a)f(trailing)h(semicolon)h(\(\\)933
1157 y Fm(h)p 944 1131 10 2 v 944 1159 a Fl(;)p 944 1167
V 952 1157 a Fm(i)967 1159 y Fu("\))d(at)h(the)g(end)h(of)f(an)g
(assignmen)o(t)g(statemen)o(t.)75 1241 y(Assignmen)o(t)g(statemen)o(ts)
f(ma)o(y)h(app)q(ear:)112 1310 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(as)15
b(commands)g(in)h(their)g(o)o(wn)e(righ)o(t)h(in)h(an)f
Ft(ld)g Fu(script;)h(or)112 1378 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(as)15
b(indep)q(enden)o(t)i(statemen)o(ts)d(within)j(a)e Ft(SECTIONS)f
Fu(command;)g(or)112 1446 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(as)15 b(part)f(of)h(the)g
(con)o(ten)o(ts)g(of)g(a)g(section)g(de\014nition)i(in)f(a)f
Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(command.)75 1527 y(The)21 b(\014rst)f(t)o(w)o(o)f
(cases)i(are)f(equiv)m(alen)o(t)j(in)e(e\013ect|b)q(oth)g(de\014ne)h(a)
e(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(with)g(an)g(absolute)g(ad-)75 1582 y(dress.)i(The)16
b(last)g(case)g(de\014nes)h(a)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(whose)g(address)g(is)h
(relativ)o(e)f(to)g(a)g(particular)g(section)h(\(see)75
1637 y(Section)f(3.4)e([SECTIONS],)h(page)g(26\).)75
1706 y(When)22 b(a)g(link)o(er)h(expression)g(is)g(ev)m(aluated)g(and)f
(assigned)g(to)g(a)f(v)m(ariable,)k(it)d(is)h(giv)o(en)f(either)h(an)75
1760 y(absolute)d(or)f(a)g(relo)q(catable)i(t)o(yp)q(e.)33
b(An)20 b(absolute)f(expression)i(t)o(yp)q(e)e(is)i(one)e(in)i(whic)o
(h)f(the)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)75 1815 y(con)o(tains)d(the)f(v)m(alue)i(that)e
(it)g(will)i(ha)o(v)o(e)e(in)i(the)e(output)h(\014le;)g(a)g(relo)q
(catable)g(expression)g(t)o(yp)q(e)g(is)g(one)75 1870
y(in)f(whic)o(h)g(the)f(v)m(alue)i(is)e(expressed)h(as)f(a)g(\014xed)h
(o\013set)e(from)h(the)g(base)g(of)g(a)g(section.)75
1939 y(The)f(t)o(yp)q(e)g(of)g(the)g(expression)g(is)h(con)o(trolled)g
(b)o(y)e(its)i(p)q(osition)f(in)h(the)f(script)h(\014le.)20
b(A)14 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(assigned)75 1993 y(within)j(a)f(section)h
(de\014nition)g(is)g(created)f(relativ)o(e)g(to)g(the)g(base)g(of)g
(the)g(section;)g(a)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(assigned)75 2048
y(in)e(an)o(y)e(other)g(place)i(is)f(created)g(as)f(an)h(absolute)g
(sym)o(b)q(ol.)20 b(Since)14 b(a)e(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(created)g(within)h(a)
e(section)75 2103 y(de\014nition)h(is)f(relativ)o(e)f(to)g(the)g(base)g
(of)g(the)g(section,)h(it)g(will)h(remain)e(relo)q(catable)h(if)g(relo)
q(catable)g(output)75 2158 y(is)h(requested.)19 b(A)13
b(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)h(created)f(with)h(an)f(absolute)h(v)m
(alue)h(ev)o(en)f(when)g(assigned)g(to)f(within)75 2213
y(a)k(section)h(de\014nition)i(b)o(y)d(using)i(the)e(absolute)h
(assignmen)o(t)g(function)g Ft(ABSOLUTE)p Fu(.)23 b(F)l(or)16
b(example,)i(to)75 2267 y(create)13 b(an)g(absolute)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g
(whose)g(address)g(is)h(the)f(last)f(b)o(yte)h(of)g(an)g(output)f
(section)i(named)f Ft(.data)p Fu(:)195 2333 y Ft(SECTIONS{)23
b Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)243 2385 y Ft(.data)23 b(:)290 2437
y({)338 2489 y(*\(.data\))338 2541 y(_edata)g(=)h(ABSOLUTE\(.\))e(;)290
2593 y(})195 2645 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)22 b Ft(})75 2713
y Fu(The)15 b(link)o(er)i(tries)e(to)g(put)g(o\013)f(the)h(ev)m
(aluation)i(of)d(an)i(assignmen)o(t)f(un)o(til)h(all)g(the)f(terms)g
(in)h(the)f(source)75 2768 y(expression)k(are)f(kno)o(wn)f(\(see)h
(Section)h(3.2.5)d([Ev)m(aluation],)j(page)f(21\).)27
b(F)l(or)17 b(instance,)j(the)e(sizes)g(of)75 2823 y(sections)f(cannot)
g(b)q(e)h(kno)o(wn)e(un)o(til)i(after)e(allo)q(cation,)i(so)f
(assignmen)o(ts)f(dep)q(enden)o(t)j(up)q(on)e(these)g(are)75
2878 y(not)f(p)q(erformed)h(un)o(til)g(after)f(allo)q(cation.)24
b(Some)16 b(expressions,)i(suc)o(h)e(as)g(those)g(dep)q(ending)j(up)q
(on)e(the)p eop
%%Page: 23 25
23 24 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(23)75 391 y(lo)q(cation)15 b(coun)o(ter)f Fn(dot)p
Fu(,)g(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')g(m)o(ust)f(b)q(e)i(ev)m(aluated)h(during)f
(allo)q(cation.)21 b(If)15 b(the)f(result)h(of)f(an)g(expression)75
446 y(is)i(required,)h(but)f(the)g(v)m(alue)h(is)g(not)e(a)o(v)m
(ailable,)j(then)e(an)g(error)f(results.)22 b(F)l(or)15
b(example,)i(a)e(script)i(lik)o(e)75 500 y(the)e(follo)o(wing)195
570 y Ft(SECTIONS)23 b({)g Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)243 622 y Ft(text)23
b(9+this_isnt_constant)e(:)290 674 y({)j Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)290
726 y Ft(})195 778 y Fi(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Ft(})75 850 y
Fu(will)17 b(cause)e(the)h(error)e(message)h(\\)p Ft(Non)f(constant)g
(expression)g(for)h(initial)f(address)p Fu(".)75 923
y(In)k(some)e(cases,)i(it)f(is)h(desirable)g(for)f(a)f(link)o(er)j
(script)e(to)g(de\014ne)h(a)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(only)h(if)f(it)h(is)f
(referenced,)75 978 y(and)h(only)h(if)f(it)h(is)f(not)g(de\014ned)i(b)o
(y)e(an)o(y)f(ob)s(ject)h(included)j(in)d(the)h(link.)30
b(F)l(or)17 b(example,)i(traditional)75 1033 y(link)o(ers)d(de\014ned)h
(the)e(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(`)p Ft(etext)p Fu('.)k(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)13
b(ANSI)j(C)f(requires)h(that)e(the)h(user)h(b)q(e)f(able)h(to)f(use)75
1088 y(`)p Ft(etext)p Fu(')g(as)h(a)g(function)h(name)f(without)g
(encoun)o(tering)i(an)e(error.)22 b(The)17 b Ft(PROVIDE)e
Fu(k)o(eyw)o(ord)h(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)75 1142 y(used)e(to)g(de\014ne)g(a)g
(sym)o(b)q(ol,)g(suc)o(h)g(as)g(`)p Ft(etext)p Fu(',)e(only)i(if)h(it)f
(is)g(referenced)h(but)f(not)f(de\014ned.)21 b(The)13
b(syn)o(tax)75 1197 y(is)j Ft(PROVIDE\()p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)g
Ft(=)f Fn(expression)p Ft(\))p Fu(.)75 1320 y Fk(3.2.7)30
b(Arithmetic)21 b(F)-5 b(unctions)75 1422 y Fu(The)19
b(command)f(language)h(includes)i(a)d(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)h(of)f(built-in)j
(functions)e(for)f(use)g(in)i(link)g(script)f(ex-)75
1477 y(pressions.)75 1580 y Ft(ABSOLUTE\()p Fn(exp)q
Ft(\))315 1635 y Fu(Return)c(the)g(absolute)f(\(non-relo)q(catable,)i
(as)e(opp)q(osed)h(to)f(non-negativ)o(e\))g(v)m(alue)i(of)e(the)315
1689 y(expression)g Fn(exp)p Fu(.)20 b(Primarily)14 b(useful)h(to)d
(assign)i(an)f(absolute)h(v)m(alue)g(to)f(a)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(within)315
1744 y(a)h(section)h(de\014nition,)g(where)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(v)m(alues)i
(are)e(normally)g(section-relativ)o(e.)75 1829 y Ft(ADDR\()p
Fn(section)p Ft(\))315 1884 y Fu(Return)f(the)g(absolute)h(address)f
(of)f(the)h(named)g Fn(section)p Fu(.)20 b(Y)l(our)14
b(script)g(m)o(ust)g(previously)315 1939 y(ha)o(v)o(e)i(de\014ned)i
(the)f(lo)q(cation)g(of)g(that)f(section.)24 b(In)18
b(the)e(follo)o(wing)i(example,)f Ft(symbol_1)315 1994
y Fu(and)e Ft(symbol_2)f Fu(are)h(assigned)h(iden)o(tical)h(v)m(alues:)
435 2061 y Ft(SECTIONS{)23 b Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)483 2113
y Ft(.output1)22 b(:)530 2165 y({)530 2216 y(start_of_output_1)g(=)i
(ABSOLUTE\(.\);)530 2268 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)530 2320 y
Ft(})483 2372 y(.output)23 b(:)530 2424 y({)530 2476
y(symbol_1)g(=)h(ADDR\(.output1\);)530 2528 y(symbol_2)f(=)h
(start_of_output_1;)530 2580 y(})435 2632 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)22
b Ft(})75 2713 y(LOADADDR\()p Fn(section)p Ft(\))315
2768 y Fu(Return)c(the)g(absolute)h(load)f(address)g(of)f(the)h(named)g
Fn(section)p Fu(.)29 b(This)18 b(is)g(normally)h(the)315
2823 y(same)d(as)g Ft(ADDR)p Fu(,)g(but)g(it)h(ma)o(y)e(b)q(e)i
(di\013eren)o(t)g(if)g(the)f Ft(AT)g Fu(k)o(eyw)o(ord)g(is)h(used)g(in)
g(the)f(section)315 2878 y(de\014nition)h(\(see)e(Section)h(3.4.4)e
([Section)i(Options],)f(page)g(32\).)p eop
%%Page: 24 26
24 25 bop 75 149 a Fu(24)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Ft(ALIGN\()p Fn(exp)q Ft(\))315 446 y Fu(Return)k(the)f
(result)h(of)f(the)g(curren)o(t)g(lo)q(cation)h(coun)o(ter)f(\()p
Ft(.)p Fu(\))g(aligned)h(to)f(the)g(next)h Fn(exp)315
500 y Fu(b)q(oundary)l(.)27 b Fn(exp)20 b Fu(m)o(ust)d(b)q(e)h(an)f
(expression)i(whose)e(v)m(alue)i(is)f(a)f(p)q(o)o(w)o(er)g(of)g(t)o(w)o
(o.)25 b(This)18 b(is)315 555 y(equiv)m(alen)o(t)f(to)435
645 y Ft(\(.)24 b(+)f Fn(exp)j Ft(-)e(1\))f(&)h(~\()p
Fn(exp)h Ft(-)f(1\))315 737 y(ALIGN)13 b Fu(do)q(esn't)g(c)o(hange)h
(the)g(v)m(alue)h(of)e(the)g(lo)q(cation)i(coun)o(ter|it)f(just)f(do)q
(es)h(arithmetic)315 792 y(on)e(it.)19 b(As)12 b(an)f(example,)i(to)e
(align)i(the)f(output)g Ft(.data)f Fu(section)h(to)f(the)h(next)g
Ft(0x2000)f Fu(b)o(yte)315 846 y(b)q(oundary)j(after)f(the)g(preceding)
i(section)f(and)g(to)f(set)g(a)g(v)m(ariable)i(within)g(the)f(section)g
(to)315 901 y(the)h(next)h Ft(0x8000)e Fu(b)q(oundary)i(after)e(the)h
(input)i(sections:)435 990 y Ft(SECTIONS{)23 b Fi(:)8
b(:)g(:)483 1042 y Ft(.data)23 b(ALIGN\(0x2000\):)f({)530
1094 y(*\(.data\))530 1146 y(variable)h(=)h(ALIGN\(0x8000\);)483
1198 y(})435 1250 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)22 b Ft(})315 1339
y Fu(The)13 b(\014rst)f(use)i(of)e Ft(ALIGN)g Fu(in)i(this)f(example)h
(sp)q(eci\014es)g(the)f(lo)q(cation)h(of)e(a)h(section)g(b)q(ecause)315
1393 y(it)g(is)g(used)g(as)g(the)g(optional)g Fn(start)f
Fu(attribute)h(of)f(a)h(section)g(de\014nition)h(\(see)f(Section)h
(3.4.4)315 1448 y([Section)23 b(Options],)i(page)d(32\).)41
b(The)23 b(second)g(use)g(simply)h(de\014nes)g(the)e(v)m(alue)i(of)e(a)
315 1503 y(v)m(ariable.)315 1595 y(The)15 b(built-in)j
Ft(NEXT)d Fu(is)g(closely)i(related)e(to)g Ft(ALIGN)p
Fu(.)75 1725 y Ft(DEFINED\()p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r Ft(\))315
1780 y Fu(Return)f(1)f(if)g Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)i Fu(is)f(in)g(the)f(link)o
(er)h(global)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(table)f(and)h(is)f(de\014ned,)i
(otherwise)315 1835 y(return)h(0.)21 b(Y)l(ou)16 b(can)g(use)g(this)h
(function)f(to)g(pro)o(vide)g(default)g(v)m(alues)h(for)f(sym)o(b)q
(ols.)22 b(F)l(or)315 1889 y(example,)13 b(the)f(follo)o(wing)g
(command-\014le)h(fragmen)o(t)e(sho)o(ws)g(ho)o(w)g(to)g(set)h(a)f
(global)i(sym)o(b)q(ol)315 1944 y Ft(begin)i Fu(to)h(the)g(\014rst)f
(lo)q(cation)i(in)g(the)f Ft(.text)f Fu(section|but)j(if)e(a)g(sym)o(b)
q(ol)g(called)i Ft(begin)315 1999 y Fu(already)d(existed,)h(its)g(v)m
(alue)g(is)g(preserv)o(ed:)435 2088 y Ft(SECTIONS{)23
b Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)483 2140 y Ft(.text)23 b(:)h({)530 2192
y(begin)g(=)f(DEFINED\(begin\))f(?)i(begin)f(:)h(.)g(;)530
2244 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)483 2296 y Ft(})435 2348 y Fi(:)g(:)g(:)22
b Ft(})75 2474 y(NEXT\()p Fn(exp)q Ft(\))315 2529 y Fu(Return)15
b(the)g(next)f(unallo)q(cated)j(address)d(that)g(is)h(a)f(m)o(ultiple)j
(of)d Fn(exp)p Fu(.)20 b(This)15 b(function)g(is)315
2583 y(closely)k(related)f(to)f Ft(ALIGN\()p Fn(exp)q
Ft(\))p Fu(;)h(unless)h(y)o(ou)e(use)h(the)g Ft(MEMORY)e
Fu(command)i(to)f(de\014ne)315 2638 y(discon)o(tin)o(uous)f(memory)f
(for)g(the)g(output)g(\014le,)h(the)f(t)o(w)o(o)f(functions)i(are)f
(equiv)m(alen)o(t.)75 2768 y Ft(SIZEOF\()p Fn(section)p
Ft(\))315 2823 y Fu(Return)e(the)f(size)h(in)g(b)o(ytes)f(of)f(the)h
(named)h Fn(section)p Fu(,)g(if)f(that)g(section)g(has)g(b)q(een)h
(allo)q(cated.)315 2878 y(In)g(the)f(follo)o(wing)h(example,)g
Ft(symbol_1)e Fu(and)i Ft(symbol_2)e Fu(are)g(assigned)i(iden)o(tical)h
(v)m(alues:)p eop
%%Page: 25 27
25 26 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(25)435 391 y Ft(SECTIONS{)23 b Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)483 443
y Ft(.output)23 b({)530 495 y(.start)g(=)h(.)g(;)530
546 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)530 598 y Ft(.end)24 b(=)f(.)h(;)530
650 y(})483 702 y(symbol_1)e(=)i(.end)g(-)f(.start)g(;)483
754 y(symbol_2)f(=)i(SIZEOF\(.output\);)435 806 y Fi(:)8
b(:)g(:)22 b Ft(})75 879 y(SIZEOF_HEADERS)75 933 y(sizeof_headers)315
988 y Fu(Return)16 b(the)g(size)h(in)g(b)o(ytes)e(of)g(the)h(output)g
(\014le's)g(headers.)22 b(Y)l(ou)16 b(can)g(use)g(this)h(n)o(um)o(b)q
(er)315 1043 y(as)e(the)g(start)f(address)h(of)g(the)g(\014rst)g
(section,)h(if)f(y)o(ou)g(c)o(ho)q(ose,)g(to)f(facilitate)j(paging.)75
1123 y Ft(MAX\()p Fn(exp1)p Ft(,)e Fn(exp2)t Ft(\))315
1178 y Fu(Returns)h(the)f(maxim)o(um)g(of)g Fn(exp1)k
Fu(and)c Fn(exp2)p Fu(.)75 1258 y Ft(MIN\()p Fn(exp1)p
Ft(,)g Fn(exp2)t Ft(\))315 1312 y Fu(Returns)h(the)f(minim)o(um)h(of)f
Fn(exp1)k Fu(and)c Fn(exp2)p Fu(.)75 1425 y Fk(3.2.8)30
b(Semicolons)75 1522 y Fu(Semicolons)17 b(\(\\)349 1520
y Fm(h)p 361 1493 10 2 v 361 1522 a Fl(;)p 361 1529 V
369 1520 a Fm(i)384 1522 y Fu("\))e(are)h(required)h(in)g(the)f(follo)o
(wing)h(places.)23 b(In)17 b(all)g(other)e(places)i(they)g(can)f(app)q
(ear)75 1576 y(for)f(aesthetic)g(reasons)g(but)g(are)g(otherwise)h
(ignored.)75 1656 y Ft(Assignment)315 1711 y Fu(Semicolons)e(m)o(ust)e
(app)q(ear)g(at)g(the)g(end)h(of)f(assignmen)o(t)h(expressions.)19
b(See)13 b(Section)h(3.2.6)315 1766 y([Assignmen)o(t],)g(page)h(22)75
1846 y Ft(PHDRS)120 b Fu(Semicolons)23 b(m)o(ust)f(app)q(ear)g(at)f
(the)h(end)g(of)g(a)g Ft(PHDRS)f Fu(statemen)o(t.)39
b(See)22 b(Section)h(3.5)315 1901 y([PHDRS],)14 b(page)i(35)75
2030 y Fs(3.3)33 b(Memory)22 b(La)n(y)n(out)75 2127 y
Fu(The)h(link)o(er's)g(default)g(con\014guration)g(p)q(ermits)g(allo)q
(cation)g(of)f(all)i(a)o(v)m(ailable)g(memory)l(.)41
b(Y)l(ou)23 b(can)75 2181 y(o)o(v)o(erride)13 b(this)h(con\014guration)
g(b)o(y)f(using)i(the)e Ft(MEMORY)g Fu(command.)19 b(The)13
b Ft(MEMORY)g Fu(command)g(describ)q(es)75 2236 y(the)20
b(lo)q(cation)h(and)g(size)g(of)f(blo)q(c)o(ks)g(of)g(memory)g(in)h
(the)f(target.)34 b(By)20 b(using)h(it)f(carefully)l(,)j(y)o(ou)d(can)
75 2291 y(describ)q(e)j(whic)o(h)g(memory)e(regions)h(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)h
(used)h(b)o(y)e(the)h(link)o(er,)i(and)e(whic)o(h)h(memory)e(regions)75
2346 y(it)f(m)o(ust)g(a)o(v)o(oid.)34 b(The)21 b(link)o(er)g(do)q(es)f
(not)g(sh)o(u\017e)g(sections)h(to)f(\014t)g(in)o(to)g(the)g(a)o(v)m
(ailable)i(regions,)f(but)75 2401 y(do)q(es)15 b(mo)o(v)o(e)e(the)i
(requested)g(sections)g(in)o(to)f(the)g(correct)g(regions)h(and)f
(issue)i(errors)d(when)i(the)g(regions)75 2455 y(b)q(ecome)h(to)q(o)e
(full.)75 2523 y(A)j(command)h(\014le)g(ma)o(y)f(con)o(tain)g(at)g
(most)f(one)i(use)f(of)g(the)h Ft(MEMORY)e Fu(command;)i(ho)o(w)o(ev)o
(er,)f(y)o(ou)g(can)75 2578 y(de\014ne)f(as)f(man)o(y)g(blo)q(c)o(ks)h
(of)f(memory)f(within)j(it)e(as)g(y)o(ou)g(wish.)20 b(The)c(syn)o(tax)e
(is:)195 2642 y Ft(MEMORY)243 2694 y({)290 2746 y Fn(name)27
b Ft(\()p Fn(attr)s Ft(\))c(:)g(ORIGIN)g(=)h Fn(origin)p
Ft(,)h(LENGTH)e(=)g Fn(len)290 2798 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)243
2850 y Ft(})p eop
%%Page: 26 28
26 27 bop 75 149 a Fu(26)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Fn(name)134 b Fu(is)14 b(a)f(name)g(used)h(in)o(ternally)g(b)o
(y)f(the)h(link)o(er)g(to)f(refer)g(to)f(the)i(region.)19
b(An)o(y)13 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(name)315 446 y(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)i(used.)22
b(The)17 b(region)f(names)g(are)f(stored)h(in)g(a)g(separate)f(name)h
(space,)g(and)g(will)315 500 y(not)g(con\015ict)i(with)f(sym)o(b)q
(ols,)g(\014le)h(names)f(or)f(section)h(names.)25 b(Use)17
b(distinct)h(names)f(to)315 555 y(sp)q(ecify)g(m)o(ultiple)g(regions.)
75 636 y Ft(\()p Fn(attr)s Ft(\))112 b Fu(is)13 b(an)g(optional)h(list)
g(of)e(attributes)h(that)f(sp)q(ecify)i(whether)g(to)e(use)h(a)g
(particular)h(memory)315 691 y(to)k(place)h(sections)g(that)f(are)h
(not)f(listed)i(in)f(the)g(link)o(er)g(script.)31 b(V)l(alid)20
b(attribute)e(lists)315 746 y(m)o(ust)d(b)q(e)h(made)f(up)h(of)f(the)h
(c)o(haracters)e(\\)p Ft(ALIRWX)p Fu(")g(that)h(matc)o(h)g(section)g
(attributes.)21 b(If)315 801 y(y)o(ou)e(omit)g(the)g(attribute)g(list,)
h(y)o(ou)f(ma)o(y)f(omit)h(the)g(paren)o(theses)g(around)g(it)h(as)e(w)
o(ell.)315 855 y(The)d(attributes)g(curren)o(tly)h(supp)q(orted)g(are:)
315 937 y(`)p Ft(Letter)p Fu(')70 b Ft(Section)14 b(Attribute)315
1018 y Fu(`)p Ft(R)p Fu(')190 b(Read-only)17 b(sections.)315
1099 y(`)p Ft(W)p Fu(')190 b(Read/write)16 b(sections.)315
1180 y(`)p Ft(X)p Fu(')190 b(Sections)16 b(con)o(taining)g(executable)g
(co)q(de.)315 1261 y(`)p Ft(A)p Fu(')190 b(Allo)q(cated)17
b(sections.)315 1342 y(`)p Ft(I)p Fu(')190 b(Initialized)18
b(sections.)315 1423 y(`)p Ft(L)p Fu(')190 b(Same)15
b(as)g Ft(I)p Fu(.)315 1504 y(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')190 b(In)o(v)o(ert)15
b(the)g(sense)h(of)f(an)o(y)g(of)f(the)i(follo)o(wing)g(attributes.)75
1598 y Fn(origin)127 b Fu(is)17 b(the)g(start)e(address)h(of)g(the)h
(region)g(in)g(ph)o(ysical)h(memory)l(.)23 b(It)17 b(is)g(an)f
(expression)i(that)315 1653 y(m)o(ust)e(ev)m(aluate)h(to)f(a)g(constan)
o(t)g(b)q(efore)g(memory)g(allo)q(cation)i(is)f(p)q(erformed.)23
b(The)17 b(k)o(ey-)315 1708 y(w)o(ord)e Ft(ORIGIN)f Fu(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)i
(abbreviated)g(to)f Ft(org)f Fu(or)h Ft(o)g Fu(\(but)g(not,)f(for)h
(example,)h(`)p Ft(ORG)p Fu('\).)75 1789 y Fn(len)183
b Fu(is)16 b(the)f(size)h(in)g(b)o(ytes)f(of)g(the)g(region)g(\(an)g
(expression\).)21 b(The)15 b(k)o(eyw)o(ord)g Ft(LENGTH)f
Fu(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)315 1844 y(abbreviated)i(to)e Ft(len)h
Fu(or)g Ft(l)p Fu(.)75 1926 y(F)l(or)f(example,)h(to)f(sp)q(ecify)i
(that)e(memory)g(has)h(t)o(w)o(o)e(regions)i(a)o(v)m(ailable)h(for)e
(allo)q(cation|one)j(starting)75 1981 y(at)e(0)h(for)g(256)f(kilob)o
(ytes,)i(and)f(the)g(other)g(starting)g(at)f Ft(0x40000000)g
Fu(for)g(four)h(megab)o(ytes.)22 b(The)16 b Ft(rom)75
2035 y Fu(memory)k(region)i(will)g(get)f(all)h(sections)f(without)g(an)
g(explicit)i(memory)d(register)h(that)g(are)f(either)75
2090 y(read-only)c(or)f(con)o(tain)g(co)q(de,)g(while)i(the)e
Ft(ram)g Fu(memory)g(region)g(will)i(get)e(the)g(sections.)195
2156 y Ft(MEMORY)243 2208 y({)243 2260 y(rom)23 b(\(rx\))47
b(:)24 b(ORIGIN)f(=)h(0,)f(LENGTH)g(=)h(256K)243 2312
y(ram)f(\(!rx\))g(:)h(org)g(=)f(0x40000000,)g(l)g(=)h(4M)243
2363 y(})75 2429 y Fu(Once)d(y)o(ou)f(ha)o(v)o(e)h(de\014ned)g(a)f
(region)h(of)f(memory)g(named)h Fn(mem)p Fu(,)g(y)o(ou)f(can)h(direct)g
(sp)q(eci\014c)h(output)75 2483 y(sections)17 b(there)g(b)o(y)f(using)i
(a)e(command)h(ending)g(in)h(`)p Ft(>)p Fn(mem)p Fu(')d(within)j(the)f
Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(command)g(\(see)75 2538 y(Section)k(3.4.4)e([Section)i
(Options],)g(page)f(32\).)32 b(If)19 b(the)h(com)o(bined)g(output)f
(sections)h(directed)h(to)d(a)75 2593 y(region)d(are)g(to)q(o)g(big)h
(for)e(the)i(region,)f(the)g(link)o(er)h(will)h(issue)f(an)f(error)g
(message.)75 2725 y Fs(3.4)33 b(Sp)r(ecifying)24 b(Output)f(Sections)75
2823 y Fu(The)16 b Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(command)h(con)o(trols)g(exactly)h
(where)f(input)h(sections)g(are)f(placed)h(in)o(to)g(output)f(sec-)75
2878 y(tions,)f(their)h(order)f(in)h(the)f(output)g(\014le,)h(and)f(to)
g(whic)o(h)h(output)f(sections)g(they)h(are)f(allo)q(cated.)p
eop
%%Page: 27 29
27 28 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(27)75 391 y(Y)l(ou)18 b(ma)o(y)f(use)h(at)f(most)f(one)i
Ft(SECTIONS)e Fu(command)i(in)g(a)g(script)g(\014le,)g(but)g(y)o(ou)f
(can)h(ha)o(v)o(e)f(as)g(man)o(y)75 446 y(statemen)o(ts)c(within)i(it)g
(as)e(y)o(ou)h(wish.)20 b(Statemen)o(ts)13 b(within)j(the)e
Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(command)h(can)g(do)g(one)g(of)75 500
y(three)h(things:)112 569 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(de\014ne)16
b(the)g(en)o(try)e(p)q(oin)o(t;)112 637 y Fq(\017)30
b Fu(assign)15 b(a)g(v)m(alue)i(to)d(a)h(sym)o(b)q(ol;)112
705 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(describ)q(e)16 b(the)e(placemen)o(t)h(of)f(a)f
(named)i(output)f(section,)g(and)h(whic)o(h)g(input)g(sections)f(go)g
(in)o(to)g(it.)75 787 y(Y)l(ou)h(can)g(also)f(use)h(the)g(\014rst)f(t)o
(w)o(o)f(op)q(erations|de\014ning)k(the)e(en)o(try)f(p)q(oin)o(t)h(and)
g(de\014ning)h(sym)o(b)q(ols|)75 842 y(outside)h(the)g
Ft(SECTIONS)e Fu(command:)22 b(see)17 b(Section)h(3.6)d([En)o(try)h(P)o
(oin)o(t],)f(page)i(37,)e(and)i(Section)h(3.2.6)75 897
y([Assignmen)o(t],)h(page)g(22.)31 b(They)20 b(are)e(p)q(ermitted)i
(here)g(as)f(w)o(ell)h(for)e(y)o(our)h(con)o(v)o(enience)h(in)g
(reading)75 952 y(the)14 b(script,)g(so)g(that)f(sym)o(b)q(ols)i(and)f
(the)g(en)o(try)g(p)q(oin)o(t)g(can)g(b)q(e)h(de\014ned)g(at)f
(meaningful)h(p)q(oin)o(ts)g(in)f(y)o(our)75 1006 y(output-\014le)i(la)
o(y)o(out.)75 1075 y(If)f(y)o(ou)f(do)g(not)g(use)g(a)g
Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(command,)h(the)h(link)o(er)g(places)g(eac)o(h)g(input)
g(section)g(in)o(to)f(an)g(iden)o(ti-)75 1130 y(cally)i(named)e(output)
g(section)h(in)g(the)g(order)f(that)g(the)g(sections)h(are)f(\014rst)g
(encoun)o(tered)h(in)g(the)g(input)75 1185 y(\014les.)25
b(If)17 b(all)h(input)g(sections)f(are)f(presen)o(t)h(in)h(the)f
(\014rst)f(\014le,)i(for)e(example,)h(the)g(order)g(of)f(sections)h(in)
75 1239 y(the)e(output)g(\014le)i(will)f(matc)o(h)f(the)g(order)g(in)h
(the)g(\014rst)e(input)j(\014le.)75 1355 y Fk(3.4.1)30
b(Section)20 b(De\014nitions)75 1452 y Fu(The)f(most)f(frequen)o(tly)i
(used)g(statemen)o(t)e(in)h(the)h Ft(SECTIONS)d Fu(command)i(is)h(the)f
Fn(section)h(de\014nition)p Fu(,)75 1507 y(whic)o(h)g(sp)q(eci\014es)h
(the)e(prop)q(erties)h(of)e(an)h(output)g(section:)28
b(its)20 b(lo)q(cation,)g(alignmen)o(t,)g(con)o(ten)o(ts,)f(\014ll)75
1562 y(pattern,)c(and)h(target)e(memory)h(region.)22
b(Most)15 b(of)g(these)h(sp)q(eci\014cations)i(are)d(optional;)h(the)g
(simplest)75 1617 y(form)e(of)h(a)g(section)h(de\014nition)h(is)195
1683 y Ft(SECTIONS)23 b({)g Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)243 1735 y
Fn(secname)27 b Ft(:)c({)290 1786 y Fn(con)o(ten)o(ts)243
1838 y Ft(})195 1890 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)22 b Ft(})75 1959
y Fn(secname)15 b Fu(is)d(the)g(name)g(of)f(the)h(output)g(section,)h
(and)f Fn(con)o(ten)o(ts)h Fu(a)e(sp)q(eci\014cation)j(of)d(what)h(go)q
(es)f(there|)75 2014 y(for)16 b(example,)h(a)f(list)h(of)f(input)i
(\014les)f(or)f(sections)h(of)f(input)h(\014les)h(\(see)e(Section)h
(3.4.2)e([Section)i(Place-)75 2069 y(men)o(t],)f(page)h(28\).)23
b(The)17 b(whitespace)h(around)f Fn(secname)i Fu(is)e(required,)h(so)f
(that)f(the)g(section)i(name)e(is)75 2123 y(unam)o(biguous.)22
b(The)16 b(other)f(whitespace)i(sho)o(wn)e(is)i(optional.)22
b(Y)l(ou)16 b(do)f(need)i(the)f(colon)g(`)p Ft(:)p Fu(')f(and)h(the)75
2178 y(braces)f(`)p Ft({})p Fu(',)f(ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er.)75
2247 y Fn(secname)19 b Fu(m)o(ust)c(meet)h(the)f(constrain)o(ts)h(of)f
(y)o(our)g(output)h(format.)k(In)d(formats)d(whic)o(h)j(only)f(supp)q
(ort)75 2302 y(a)d(limited)j(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)e(of)g(sections,)g(suc)o
(h)g(as)f Ft(a.out)p Fu(,)g(the)h(name)g(m)o(ust)f(b)q(e)i(one)e(of)h
(the)g(names)f(supp)q(orted)75 2356 y(b)o(y)f(the)h(format)e(\()p
Ft(a.out)p Fu(,)h(for)f(example,)j(allo)o(ws)e(only)h
Ft(.text)p Fu(,)f Ft(.data)g Fu(or)g Ft(.bss)p Fu(\).)18
b(If)13 b(the)f(output)g(format)75 2411 y(supp)q(orts)f(an)o(y)g(n)o
(um)o(b)q(er)h(of)f(sections,)h(but)f(with)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers)g(and)f
(not)g(names)g(\(as)g(is)g(the)h(case)f(for)g(Oasys\),)75
2466 y(the)i(name)f(should)i(b)q(e)f(supplied)i(as)d(a)g(quoted)g(n)o
(umeric)i(string.)19 b(A)12 b(section)h(name)g(ma)o(y)e(consist)i(of)f
(an)o(y)75 2521 y(sequence)18 b(of)f(c)o(haracters,)f(but)h(an)o(y)f
(name)h(whic)o(h)h(do)q(es)f(not)g(conform)f(to)h(the)g(standard)f
Ft(ld)h Fu(sym)o(b)q(ol)75 2576 y(name)e(syn)o(tax)g(m)o(ust)f(b)q(e)i
(quoted.)k(See)c(Section)g(3.2.2)e([Sym)o(b)q(ol)h(Names],)f(page)h
(20.)75 2644 y(The)21 b(sp)q(ecial)i Fn(secname)i Fu(`)p
Ft(/DISCARD/)p Fu(')19 b(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)i(used)g(to)f(discard)h(input)g
(sections.)38 b(An)o(y)21 b(sections)75 2699 y(whic)o(h)e(are)e
(assigned)i(to)e(an)h(output)f(section)i(named)f(`)p
Ft(/DISCARD/)p Fu(')e(are)h(not)h(included)i(in)f(the)f(\014nal)75
2754 y(link)f(output.)75 2823 y(The)k(link)o(er)h(will)g(not)f(create)f
(output)h(sections)g(whic)o(h)h(do)f(not)f(ha)o(v)o(e)g(an)o(y)h(con)o
(ten)o(ts.)36 b(This)21 b(is)h(for)75 2878 y(con)o(v)o(enience)17
b(when)e(referring)h(to)e(input)j(sections)e(that)g(ma)o(y)f(or)h(ma)o
(y)f(not)h(exist.)21 b(F)l(or)14 b(example,)p eop
%%Page: 28 30
28 29 bop 75 149 a Fu(28)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
195 391 y Ft(.foo)23 b({)h(*\(.foo\))f(})75 484 y Fu(will)16
b(only)f(create)g(a)f(`)p Ft(.foo)p Fu(')f(section)j(in)f(the)g(output)
f(\014le)i(if)f(there)g(is)g(a)f(`)p Ft(.foo)p Fu(')f(section)j(in)f
(at)f(least)h(one)75 539 y(input)h(\014le.)75 703 y Fk(3.4.2)30
b(Section)20 b(Placemen)n(t)75 825 y Fu(In)13 b(a)e(section)i
(de\014nition,)h(y)o(ou)d(can)h(sp)q(ecify)h(the)f(con)o(ten)o(ts)g(of)
f(an)h(output)g(section)g(b)o(y)g(listing)h(particular)75
880 y(input)i(\014les,)f(b)o(y)g(listing)h(particular)f(input-\014le)i
(sections,)e(or)f(b)o(y)h(a)f(com)o(bination)h(of)f(the)h(t)o(w)o(o.)k
(Y)l(ou)c(can)75 935 y(also)g(place)i(arbitrary)d(data)h(in)h(the)g
(section,)g(and)f(de\014ne)i(sym)o(b)q(ols)e(relativ)o(e)h(to)f(the)g
(b)q(eginning)j(of)d(the)75 990 y(section.)75 1083 y(The)k
Fn(con)o(ten)o(ts)h Fu(of)f(a)f(section)i(de\014nition)h(ma)o(y)d
(include)j(an)o(y)e(of)f(the)h(follo)o(wing)h(kinds)g(of)e(statemen)o
(t.)75 1138 y(Y)l(ou)f(can)g(include)j(as)c(man)o(y)h(of)f(these)i(as)e
(y)o(ou)h(lik)o(e)h(in)g(a)e(single)j(section)e(de\014nition,)i
(separated)e(from)75 1192 y(one)f(another)g(b)o(y)g(whitespace.)75
1336 y Fn(\014lename)77 b Fu(Y)l(ou)14 b(ma)o(y)f(simply)h(name)g(a)f
(particular)i(input)f(\014le)h(to)e(b)q(e)h(placed)h(in)f(the)g(curren)
o(t)f(output)315 1391 y(section;)18 b Fn(all)i Fu(sections)e(from)e
(that)g(\014le)j(are)d(placed)j(in)f(the)f(curren)o(t)g(section)h
(de\014nition.)315 1446 y(If)d(the)g(\014le)h(name)f(has)g(already)g(b)
q(een)h(men)o(tioned)g(in)g(another)f(section)g(de\014nition,)i(with)
315 1501 y(an)e(explicit)i(section)f(name)f(list,)h(then)f(only)h
(those)f(sections)h(whic)o(h)g(ha)o(v)o(e)e(not)h(y)o(et)g(b)q(een)315
1556 y(allo)q(cated)h(are)f(used.)315 1636 y(T)l(o)g(sp)q(ecify)h(a)f
(list)h(of)f(particular)h(\014les)g(b)o(y)f(name:)435
1713 y Ft(.data)23 b(:)h({)g(afile.o)f(bfile.o)f(cfile.o)h(})315
1793 y Fu(The)c(example)g(also)g(illustrates)h(that)e(m)o(ultiple)i
(statemen)o(ts)e(can)h(b)q(e)g(included)i(in)f(the)315
1848 y(con)o(ten)o(ts)15 b(of)f(a)h(section)h(de\014nition,)h(since)f
(eac)o(h)f(\014le)h(name)g(is)f(a)g(separate)g(statemen)o(t.)75
1954 y Fn(\014lename)s Ft(\()h Fn(section)f Ft(\))75
2009 y Fn(\014lename)s Ft(\()h Fn(section)f Ft(,)g Fn(section)p
Ft(,)h Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Ft(\))75 2063 y Fn(\014lename)s
Ft(\()j Fn(section)f(section)h Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Ft(\))315
2118 y Fu(Y)l(ou)18 b(can)f(name)g(one)h(or)f(more)g(sections)g(from)g
(y)o(our)g(input)h(\014les,)h(for)d(insertion)j(in)f(the)315
2173 y(curren)o(t)d(output)g(section.)20 b(If)c(y)o(ou)e(wish)i(to)e
(sp)q(ecify)j(a)e(list)h(of)e(input-\014le)k(sections)d(inside)315
2228 y(the)g(paren)o(theses,)g(separate)g(the)g(section)h(names)f(with)
h(whitespace.)75 2334 y Ft(*)f(\()p Fn(section)p Ft(\))75
2388 y(*)g(\()p Fn(section)p Ft(,)h Fn(section)p Ft(,)f
Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)n Ft(\))75 2443 y(*)15 b(\()p Fn(section)h(section)f
Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)n Ft(\))315 2498 y Fu(Instead)18 b(of)e(explicitly)k
(naming)e(particular)f(input)h(\014les)h(in)e(a)g(link)i(con)o(trol)e
(script,)g(y)o(ou)315 2553 y(can)f(refer)g(to)g Fn(all)j
Fu(\014les)e(from)f(the)g Ft(ld)g Fu(command)g(line:)24
b(use)16 b(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')g(instead)h(of)e(a)h(particular)315
2607 y(\014le)g(name)f(b)q(efore)h(the)f(paren)o(thesized)i
(input-\014le)g(section)f(list.)315 2688 y(If)22 b(y)o(ou)g(ha)o(v)o(e)
g(already)g(explicitly)j(included)g(some)d(\014les)h(b)o(y)f(name,)h(`)
p Ft(*)p Fu(')f(refers)g(to)f(all)315 2743 y Fn(remaining)c
Fu(\014les|those)c(whose)e(places)i(in)g(the)f(output)f(\014le)i(ha)o
(v)o(e)e(not)h(y)o(et)f(b)q(een)i(de\014ned.)315 2823
y(F)l(or)k(example,)j(to)d(cop)o(y)h(sections)g Ft(1)g
Fu(through)g Ft(4)g Fu(from)f(an)h(Oasys)g(\014le)h(in)o(to)f(the)g
Ft(.text)315 2878 y Fu(section)e(of)f(an)g Ft(a.out)f
Fu(\014le,)i(and)f(sections)h Ft(13)f Fu(and)g Ft(14)g
Fu(in)o(to)g(the)h Ft(.data)e Fu(section:)p eop
%%Page: 29 31
29 30 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(29)435 391 y Ft(SECTIONS)23 b({)483 443 y(.text)g(:{)530
495 y(*\("1")h("2")f("3")h("4"\))483 546 y(})483 650
y(.data)f(:{)530 702 y(*\("13")g("14"\))483 754 y(})435
806 y(})315 874 y Fu(`)p Ft([)15 b Fn(section)g Fi(:)8
b(:)g(:)14 b Ft(])p Fu(')g(used)i(to)e(b)q(e)i(accepted)g(as)f(an)g
(alternate)g(w)o(a)o(y)f(to)h(sp)q(ecify)h(named)g(sec-)315
929 y(tions)g(from)f(all)i(unallo)q(cated)g(input)g(\014les.)23
b(Because)17 b(some)e(op)q(erating)h(systems)g(\(VMS\))315
984 y(allo)o(w)f(brac)o(k)o(ets)g(in)h(\014le)g(names,)f(that)f
(notation)h(is)h(no)f(longer)g(supp)q(orted.)75 1072
y Fn(\014lename)s Ft(\()24 b(COMMON)f(\))75 1127 y(*\()15
b(COMMON)f(\))315 1182 y Fu(Sp)q(ecify)i(where)e(in)h(y)o(our)e(output)
h(\014le)h(to)e(place)i(uninitialize)q(d)i(data)c(with)h(this)h
(notation.)315 1236 y Ft(*\(COMMON\))i Fu(b)o(y)h(itself)i(refers)e(to)
f(all)j(uninitialized)i(data)17 b(from)h(all)h(input)h(\014les)f(\(so)f
(far)315 1291 y(as)c(it)g(is)h(not)f(y)o(et)f(allo)q(cated\);)i
Fn(\014lename)s Ft(\(COMMON\))f Fu(refers)g(to)f(uninitiali)q(zed)k
(data)d(from)f(a)315 1346 y(particular)j(\014le.)22 b(Both)15
b(are)h(sp)q(ecial)h(cases)e(of)g(the)h(general)g(mec)o(hanisms)g(for)f
(sp)q(ecifying)315 1401 y(where)g(to)f(place)i(input-\014le)h
(sections:)j Ft(ld)15 b Fu(p)q(ermits)g(y)o(ou)g(to)f(refer)h(to)f
(uninitialize)q(d)k(data)315 1456 y(as)c(if)g(it)g(w)o(ere)g(in)g(an)g
(input-\014le)i(section)f(named)f Ft(COMMON)p Fu(,)f(regardless)h(of)f
(the)h(input)h(\014le's)315 1510 y(format.)75 1603 y(In)f(an)o(y)g
(place)h(where)f(y)o(ou)f(ma)o(y)g(use)h(a)g(sp)q(eci\014c)i(\014le)e
(or)g(section)g(name,)g(y)o(ou)f(ma)o(y)g(also)h(use)g(a)g(wildcard)75
1658 y(pattern.)19 b(The)13 b(link)o(er)h(handles)g(wildcards)g(m)o(uc)
o(h)f(as)g(the)g(Unix)g(shell)i(do)q(es.)k(A)13 b(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu(')f(c)o(haracter)g(matc)o(hes)75 1713 y(an)o(y)20
b(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(of)g(c)o(haracters.)34 b(A)20 b(`)p
Ft(?)p Fu(')g(c)o(haracter)f(matc)o(hes)h(an)o(y)g(single)h(c)o
(haracter.)34 b(The)21 b(sequence)75 1768 y(`)p Ft([)p
Fn(c)o(hars)r Ft(])p Fu(')13 b(will)k(matc)o(h)e(a)f(single)j(instance)
e(of)g(an)o(y)g(of)f(the)h Fn(c)o(hars)r Fu(;)g(the)g(`)p
Ft(-)p Fu(')f(c)o(haracter)g(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)i(used)g(to)75
1822 y(sp)q(ecify)h(a)e(range)h(of)f(c)o(haracters,)f(as)i(in)g(`)p
Ft([a-z])p Fu(')e(to)h(matc)o(h)h(an)o(y)f(lo)o(w)o(er)g(case)h
(letter.)21 b(A)16 b(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(')f(c)o(haracter)75
1877 y(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)i(used)g(to)f(quote)g(the)g(follo)o(wing)h(c)o
(haracter.)75 1953 y(When)k(a)f(\014le)h(name)f(is)h(matc)o(hed)f(with)
h(a)e(wildcard,)k(the)d(wildcard)h(c)o(haracters)f(will)i(not)e(matc)o
(h)f(a)75 2008 y(`)p Ft(/)p Fu(')d(c)o(haracter)h(\(used)g(to)g
(separate)g(directory)g(names)g(on)g(Unix\).)24 b(A)16
b(pattern)g(consisting)h(of)f(a)g(single)75 2063 y(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu(')h(c)o(haracter)h(is)h(an)f(exception;)i(it)f(will)g(alw)o
(a)o(ys)f(matc)o(h)g(an)o(y)f(\014le)j(name.)29 b(In)19
b(a)e(section)i(name,)g(the)75 2118 y(wildcard)d(c)o(haracters)f(will)i
(matc)o(h)d(a)h(`)p Ft(/)p Fu(')g(c)o(haracter.)75 2194
y(Wildcards)i(only)g(matc)o(h)e(\014les)i(whic)o(h)g(are)f(explicitly)i
(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(on)d(the)g(command)g(line.)24 b(The)16
b(link)o(er)75 2248 y(do)q(es)11 b(not)g(searc)o(h)g(directories)h(to)f
(expand)h(wildcards.)19 b(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)11 b(if)h(y)o(ou)e(sp)q
(ecify)j(a)e(simple)h(\014le)g(name|)75 2303 y(a)f(name)g(with)h(no)f
(wildcard)i(c)o(haracters|in)f(a)f(link)o(er)i(script,)f(and)f(the)h
(\014le)g(name)g(is)g(not)e(also)i(sp)q(eci\014ed)75
2358 y(on)j(the)g(command)f(line,)j(the)e(link)o(er)h(will)g(attempt)e
(to)g(op)q(en)i(the)f(\014le)g(as)g(though)g(it)g(app)q(eared)g(on)g
(the)75 2413 y(command)g(line.)75 2489 y(In)d(the)g(follo)o(wing)g
(example,)h(the)f(command)f(script)h(arranges)f(the)h(output)f(\014le)i
(in)o(to)e(three)h(consecutiv)o(e)75 2544 y(sections,)g(named)g
Ft(.text)p Fu(,)f Ft(.data)p Fu(,)g(and)h Ft(.bss)p Fu(,)f(taking)h
(the)f(input)i(for)e(eac)o(h)g(from)g(the)g(corresp)q(ondingly)75
2598 y(named)k(sections)h(of)f(all)h(the)f(input)i(\014les:)195
2671 y Ft(SECTIONS)23 b({)243 2723 y(.text)g(:)h({)f(*\(.text\))g(})243
2775 y(.data)g(:)h({)f(*\(.data\))g(})243 2827 y(.bss)g(:)48
b({)23 b(*\(.bss\))47 b(*\(COMMON\))23 b(})195 2879 y(})p
eop
%%Page: 30 32
30 31 bop 75 149 a Fu(30)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y(The)f(follo)o(wing)g(example)g(reads)g(all)g(of)f(the)h
(sections)g(from)f(\014le)h Ft(all.o)f Fu(and)h(places)g(them)g(at)f
(the)g(start)75 446 y(of)k(output)f(section)i Ft(outputa)e
Fu(whic)o(h)i(starts)e(at)g(lo)q(cation)i Ft(0x10000)p
Fu(.)24 b(All)18 b(of)f(section)h Ft(.input1)e Fu(from)75
500 y(\014le)k Ft(foo.o)e Fu(follo)o(ws)i(immediately)l(,)h(in)f(the)f
(same)g(output)g(section.)32 b(All)20 b(of)f(section)h
Ft(.input2)e Fu(from)75 555 y Ft(foo.o)d Fu(go)q(es)h(in)o(to)g(output)
f(section)i Ft(outputb)p Fu(,)e(follo)o(w)o(ed)h(b)o(y)g(section)g
Ft(.input1)f Fu(from)g Ft(foo1.o)p Fu(.)21 b(All)c(of)75
610 y(the)g(remaining)i Ft(.input1)d Fu(and)h Ft(.input2)f
Fu(sections)i(from)f(an)o(y)f(\014les)j(are)e(written)g(to)f(output)h
(section)75 665 y Ft(outputc)p Fu(.)195 727 y Ft(SECTIONS)23
b({)243 779 y(outputa)g(0x10000)g(:)290 831 y({)290 882
y(all.o)290 934 y(foo.o)h(\(.input1\))290 986 y(})243
1038 y(outputb)f(:)290 1090 y({)290 1142 y(foo.o)h(\(.input2\))290
1194 y(foo1.o)f(\(.input1\))290 1246 y(})243 1298 y(outputc)g(:)290
1349 y({)290 1401 y(*\(.input1\))290 1453 y(*\(.input2\))290
1505 y(})195 1557 y(})75 1618 y Fu(This)e(example)h(sho)o(ws)e(ho)o(w)h
(wildcard)h(patterns)e(migh)o(t)h(b)q(e)h(used)f(to)f(partition)i
(\014les.)37 b(All)23 b Ft(.text)75 1673 y Fu(sections)13
b(are)e(placed)j(in)f Ft(.text)p Fu(,)e(and)i(all)g Ft(.bss)e
Fu(sections)i(are)f(placed)h(in)g Ft(.bss)p Fu(.)18 b(F)l(or)12
b(all)h(\014les)g(b)q(eginning)75 1728 y(with)i(an)f(upp)q(er)h(case)g
(c)o(haracter,)e(the)h Ft(.data)g Fu(section)h(is)g(placed)g(in)o(to)f
Ft(.DATA)p Fu(;)g(for)g(all)h(other)f(\014les,)h(the)75
1783 y Ft(.data)f Fu(section)i(is)g(placed)g(in)o(to)g
Ft(.data)p Fu(.)195 1845 y Ft(SECTIONS)23 b({)243 1897
y(.text)g(:)h({)f(*\(.text\))g(})243 1949 y(.DATA)g(:)h({)f
([A-Z]*\(.data\))f(})243 2000 y(.data)h(:)h({)f(*\(.data\))g(})243
2052 y(.bss)g(:)h({)f(*\(.bss\))g(})195 2104 y(})75 2205
y Fk(3.4.3)30 b(Section)20 b(Data)g(Expressions)75 2299
y Fu(The)12 b(foregoing)g(statemen)o(ts)e(arrange,)i(in)h(y)o(our)e
(output)h(\014le,)h(data)e(originating)i(from)e(y)o(our)g(input)i
(\014les.)75 2354 y(Y)l(ou)j(can)f(also)g(place)i(data)e(directly)h(in)
g(an)g(output)f(section)h(from)f(the)g(link)i(command)e(script.)21
b(Most)75 2409 y(of)15 b(these)i(additional)g(statemen)o(ts)e(in)o(v)o
(olv)o(e)h(expressions)h(\(see)e(Section)i(3.2)e([Expressions],)h(page)
f(19\).)75 2464 y(Although)23 b(these)f(statemen)o(ts)f(are)h(sho)o(wn)
g(separately)g(here)h(for)e(ease)h(of)g(presen)o(tation,)i(no)e(suc)o
(h)75 2518 y(segregation)10 b(is)h(needed)h(within)f(a)f(section)h
(de\014nition)h(in)f(the)g Ft(SECTIONS)e Fu(command;)j(y)o(ou)e(can)g
(in)o(termix)75 2573 y(them)15 b(freely)h(with)g(an)o(y)e(of)h(the)g
(statemen)o(ts)g(w)o(e'v)o(e)f(just)h(describ)q(ed.)75
2658 y Ft(CREATE_OBJECT_SYMBOLS)315 2713 y Fu(Create)j(a)g(sym)o(b)q
(ol)h(for)f(eac)o(h)h(input)g(\014le)h(in)f(the)g(curren)o(t)f
(section,)i(set)e(to)g(the)h(address)315 2768 y(of)c(the)h(\014rst)f(b)
o(yte)h(of)f(data)g(written)h(from)f(that)g(input)i(\014le.)22
b(F)l(or)15 b(instance,)i(with)f Ft(a.out)315 2823 y
Fu(\014les)f(it)f(is)h(con)o(v)o(en)o(tional)f(to)f(ha)o(v)o(e)h(a)f
(sym)o(b)q(ol)i(for)e(eac)o(h)h(input)h(\014le.)20 b(Y)l(ou)15
b(can)f(accomplish)315 2878 y(this)i(b)o(y)f(de\014ning)h(the)g(output)
f Ft(.text)f Fu(section)i(as)f(follo)o(ws:)p eop
%%Page: 31 33
31 32 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(31)435 391 y Ft(SECTIONS)23 b({)483 443 y(.text)g(0x2020)g(:)554
495 y({)530 546 y(CREATE_OBJECT_SYMBOLS)530 598 y(*\(.text\))530
650 y(_etext)g(=)h(ALIGN\(0x2000\);)530 702 y(})483 754
y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)435 806 y Ft(})315 875 y Fu(If)19 b
Ft(sample.ld)f Fu(is)h(a)g(\014le)h(con)o(taining)g(this)f(script,)h
(and)f Ft(a.o)p Fu(,)g Ft(b.o)p Fu(,)h Ft(c.o)p Fu(,)f(and)g
Ft(d.o)f Fu(are)315 930 y(four)d(input)h(\014les)g(with)g(con)o(ten)o
(ts)e(lik)o(e)j(the)e(follo)o(wing|)435 999 y Ft(/*)24
b(a.c)f(*/)435 1103 y(afunction\(\))f({)i(})435 1155
y(int)f(adata=1;)435 1207 y(int)g(abss;)315 1276 y Fu(`)p
Ft(ld)15 b(-M)f(-T)h(sample.ld)f(a.o)h(b.o)g(c.o)f(d.o)p
Fu(')d(w)o(ould)h(create)f(a)g(map)g(lik)o(e)h(this,)g(con)o(taining)
315 1331 y(sym)o(b)q(ols)j(matc)o(hing)h(the)f(ob)s(ject)g(\014le)h
(names:)435 1400 y Ft(00000000)23 b(A)g(__DYNAMIC)435
1452 y(00004020)g(B)g(_abss)435 1504 y(00004000)g(D)g(_adata)435
1556 y(00002020)g(T)g(_afunction)435 1608 y(00004024)g(B)g(_bbss)435
1660 y(00004008)g(D)g(_bdata)435 1712 y(00002038)g(T)g(_bfunction)435
1763 y(00004028)g(B)g(_cbss)435 1815 y(00004010)g(D)g(_cdata)435
1867 y(00002050)g(T)g(_cfunction)435 1919 y(0000402c)g(B)g(_dbss)435
1971 y(00004018)g(D)g(_ddata)435 2023 y(00002068)g(T)g(_dfunction)435
2075 y(00004020)g(D)g(_edata)435 2127 y(00004030)g(B)g(_end)435
2179 y(00004000)g(T)g(_etext)435 2230 y(00002020)g(t)g(a.o)435
2282 y(00002038)g(t)g(b.o)435 2334 y(00002050)g(t)g(c.o)435
2386 y(00002068)g(t)g(d.o)75 2476 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)17
b Ft(=)e Fn(expression)h Ft(;)75 2531 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(f)9
b Ft(=)15 b Fn(expression)h Ft(;)315 2586 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)g
Fu(is)f(an)o(y)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(name)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.2)d([Sym)o
(b)q(ols],)i(page)g(20\).)19 b(\\)p Fn(f)8 b Fu(=")14
b(refers)315 2641 y(to)j(an)o(y)g(of)g(the)g(op)q(erators)g
Ft(&=)e(+=)g(-=)f(*=)h(/=)i Fu(whic)o(h)i(com)o(bine)f(arithmetic)g
(and)g(assign-)315 2695 y(men)o(t.)315 2768 y(When)c(y)o(ou)g(assign)g
(a)g(v)m(alue)h(to)e(a)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(within)h(a)f(particular)h
(section)f(de\014nition,)i(the)315 2823 y(v)m(alue)f(is)f(relativ)o(e)h
(to)e(the)h(b)q(eginning)i(of)e(the)g(section)g(\(see)g(Section)h
(3.2.6)d([Assignmen)o(t],)315 2878 y(page)j(22\).)k(If)c(y)o(ou)g
(write)p eop
%%Page: 32 34
32 33 bop 75 149 a Fu(32)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
435 391 y Ft(SECTIONS)23 b({)483 443 y(abs)g(=)h(14)f(;)483
495 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)483 546 y Ft(.data)23 b(:)h({)f
Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)22 b Ft(rel)i(=)f(14)h(;)g Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)22
b Ft(})483 598 y(abs2)h(=)h(14)f(+)h(ADDR\(.data\);)483
650 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)435 702 y Ft(})315 768 y(abs)15
b Fu(and)g Ft(rel)g Fu(do)g(not)g(ha)o(v)o(e)g(the)g(same)g(v)m(alue;)h
Ft(rel)f Fu(has)g(the)g(same)g(v)m(alue)h(as)f Ft(abs2)p
Fu(.)75 852 y Ft(BYTE\()p Fn(expression)p Ft(\))75 907
y(SHORT\()p Fn(expression)p Ft(\))75 962 y(LONG\()p Fn(expression)p
Ft(\))75 1017 y(QUAD\()p Fn(expression)p Ft(\))75 1071
y(SQUAD\()p Fn(expression)p Ft(\))315 1126 y Fu(By)j(including)i(one)e
(of)f(these)g(four)g(statemen)o(ts)g(in)h(a)f(section)h(de\014nition,)i
(y)o(ou)d(can)h(ex-)315 1181 y(plicitly)e(place)e(one,)f(t)o(w)o(o,)f
(four,)h(eigh)o(t)h(unsigned,)h(or)d(eigh)o(t)i(signed)g(b)o(ytes)f
(\(resp)q(ectiv)o(ely\))315 1236 y(at)f(the)h(curren)o(t)g(address)g
(of)g(that)f(section.)20 b(When)13 b(using)h(a)f(64)f(bit)i(host)e(or)h
(target,)f Ft(QUAD)315 1290 y Fu(and)19 b Ft(SQUAD)f
Fu(are)h(the)g(same.)31 b(When)19 b(b)q(oth)g(host)g(and)g(target)e
(are)i(32)f(bits,)i Ft(QUAD)f Fu(uses)315 1345 y(an)d(unsigned)h(32)e
(bit)h(v)m(alue,)h(and)f Ft(SQUAD)f Fu(sign)i(extends)f(the)g(v)m
(alue.)23 b(Both)15 b(will)j(use)e(the)315 1400 y(correct)f(endianness)
i(when)e(writing)h(out)f(the)g(v)m(alue.)315 1470 y(Multiple-b)o(yte)j
(quan)o(tities)e(are)g(represen)o(ted)g(in)g(whatev)o(er)g(b)o(yte)f
(order)h(is)g(appropriate)315 1524 y(for)f(the)g(output)g(\014le)h
(format)e(\(see)h(Chapter)g(5)g([BFD],)e(page)j(47\).)75
1608 y Ft(FILL\()p Fn(expression)p Ft(\))315 1663 y Fu(Sp)q(ecify)22
b(the)e(\\\014ll)h(pattern")e(for)g(the)h(curren)o(t)g(section.)35
b(An)o(y)20 b(otherwise)g(unsp)q(eci\014ed)315 1718 y(regions)f(of)g
(memory)g(within)h(the)f(section)h(\(for)e(example,)j(regions)e(y)o(ou)
g(skip)h(o)o(v)o(er)e(b)o(y)315 1773 y(assigning)f(a)g(new)f(v)m(alue)i
(to)e(the)h(lo)q(cation)g(coun)o(ter)f(`)p Ft(.)p Fu('\))f(are)i
(\014lled)h(with)f(the)g(t)o(w)o(o)e(least)315 1828 y(signi\014can)o(t)
f(b)o(ytes)f(from)g(the)g Fn(expression)h Fu(argumen)o(t.)k(A)c
Ft(FILL)e Fu(statemen)o(t)g(co)o(v)o(ers)h(mem-)315 1882
y(ory)19 b(lo)q(cations)h Fn(after)i Fu(the)e(p)q(oin)o(t)f(it)h(o)q
(ccurs)g(in)g(the)g(section)g(de\014nition;)j(b)o(y)c(including)315
1937 y(more)c(than)h(one)g Ft(FILL)f Fu(statemen)o(t,)f(y)o(ou)i(can)g
(ha)o(v)o(e)f(di\013eren)o(t)h(\014ll)h(patterns)e(in)i(di\013eren)o(t)
315 1992 y(parts)e(of)f(an)h(output)g(section.)75 2113
y Fk(3.4.4)30 b(Optional)20 b(Section)g(A)n(ttributes)75
2213 y Fu(Here)15 b(is)h(the)f(full)i(syn)o(tax)d(of)h(a)g(section)h
(de\014nition,)h(including)g(all)g(the)e(optional)h(p)q(ortions:)195
2282 y Ft(SECTIONS)23 b({)195 2334 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)195
2386 y Fn(secname)27 b(start)c Ft(BLOCK\()p Fn(align)p
Ft(\))h(\(NOLOAD\))f(:)h(AT)f(\()h Fn(ldadr)k Ft(\))243
2438 y({)23 b Fn(con)o(ten)o(ts)j Ft(})d(>)p Fn(region)h
Ft(:)p Fn(phdr)k Ft(=)p Fn(\014ll)195 2490 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)195
2542 y Ft(})75 2612 y Fn(secname)16 b Fu(and)d Fn(con)o(ten)o(ts)h
Fu(are)e(required.)20 b(See)14 b(Section)f(3.4.1)e([Section)j
(De\014nition],)f(page)g(27,)f(and)h(Sec-)75 2667 y(tion)j(3.4.2)e
([Section)i(Placemen)o(t],)f(page)g(28,)g(for)g(details)h(on)f
Fn(con)o(ten)o(ts)p Fu(.)21 b(The)15 b(remaining)i(elemen)o(ts|)75
2722 y Fn(start)p Fu(,)d Ft(BLOCK\()p Fn(align\))q Fu(,)g
Ft(\(NOLOAD\))p Fu(,)g Ft(AT)g(\()h Fn(ldadr)k Ft(\))p
Fu(,)c Ft(>)p Fn(region)p Fu(,)g Ft(:)p Fn(phdr)s Fu(,)h(and)f
Ft(=)p Fn(\014ll)r Fu(|are)h(all)h(optional.)75 2823
y Fn(start)145 b Fu(Y)l(ou)18 b(can)f(force)g(the)h(output)f(section)h
(to)f(b)q(e)h(loaded)g(at)f(a)g(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(address)f(b)o(y)f(sp)q
(ec-)315 2878 y(ifying)h Fn(start)f Fu(immediately)i(follo)o(wing)e
(the)h(section)f(name.)26 b Fn(start)17 b Fu(can)g(b)q(e)g(represen)o
(ted)p eop
%%Page: 33 35
33 34 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(33)315 391 y(as)15 b(an)o(y)g(expression.)22 b(The)15
b(follo)o(wing)i(example)f(generates)f(section)h Fn(output)g
Fu(at)f(lo)q(cation)315 446 y Ft(0x40000000)p Fu(:)435
517 y Ft(SECTIONS)23 b({)483 569 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)483
621 y Ft(output)23 b(0x40000000:)f({)530 673 y Fi(:)8
b(:)g(:)530 725 y Ft(})483 777 y Fi(:)g(:)g(:)435 828
y Ft(})75 919 y(BLOCK\()p Fn(align)p Ft(\))315 974 y
Fu(Y)l(ou)16 b(can)g(include)i Ft(BLOCK\(\))d Fu(sp)q(eci\014cation)j
(to)d(adv)m(ance)i(the)f(lo)q(cation)g(coun)o(ter)g Ft(.)g
Fu(prior)315 1029 y(to)h(the)g(b)q(eginning)i(of)e(the)g(section,)h(so)
f(that)g(the)g(section)h(will)g(b)q(egin)h(at)e(the)g(sp)q(eci\014ed)
315 1083 y(alignmen)o(t.)k Fn(align)16 b Fu(is)f(an)g(expression.)75
1178 y Ft(\(NOLOAD\))48 b Fu(The)14 b(`)p Ft(\(NOLOAD\))p
Fu(')d(directiv)o(e)k(will)g(mark)e(a)g(section)h(to)f(not)g(b)q(e)h
(loaded)h(at)d(run)i(time.)20 b(The)315 1232 y(link)o(er)i(will)g(pro)q
(cess)e(the)h(section)g(normally)l(,)h(but)e(will)i(mark)e(it)g(so)g
(that)g(a)g(program)315 1287 y(loader)d(will)h(not)f(load)g(it)g(in)o
(to)f(memory)l(.)24 b(F)l(or)16 b(example,)i(in)g(the)e(script)h
(sample)h(b)q(elo)o(w,)315 1342 y(the)g Ft(ROM)g Fu(section)h(is)f
(addressed)h(at)e(memory)h(lo)q(cation)h(`)p Ft(0)p Fu(')e(and)i(do)q
(es)f(not)g(need)h(to)e(b)q(e)315 1397 y(loaded)h(when)f(the)g(program)
f(is)i(run.)26 b(The)17 b(con)o(ten)o(ts)f(of)h(the)g
Ft(ROM)f Fu(section)i(will)h(app)q(ear)315 1452 y(in)d(the)f(link)o(er)
i(output)e(\014le)h(as)f(usual.)435 1523 y Ft(SECTIONS)23
b({)483 1575 y(ROM)47 b(0)h(\(NOLOAD\))e(:)24 b({)g Fi(:)8
b(:)g(:)22 b Ft(})483 1627 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)435 1679
y Ft(})75 1769 y(AT)15 b(\()g Fn(ldadr)k Ft(\))315 1824
y Fu(The)d(expression)g Fn(ldadr)k Fu(that)15 b(follo)o(ws)h(the)f
Ft(AT)h Fu(k)o(eyw)o(ord)f(sp)q(eci\014es)i(the)f(load)g(address)f(of)
315 1879 y(the)20 b(section.)34 b(The)20 b(default)g(\(if)g(y)o(ou)f
(do)h(not)f(use)h(the)g Ft(AT)g Fu(k)o(eyw)o(ord\))e(is)j(to)e(mak)o(e)
g(the)315 1934 y(load)g(address)h(the)f(same)g(as)f(the)h(relo)q
(cation)h(address.)32 b(This)20 b(feature)e(is)i(designed)h(to)315
1989 y(mak)o(e)e(it)g(easy)h(to)e(build)k(a)d(R)o(OM)g(image.)33
b(F)l(or)18 b(example,)j(this)f Ft(SECTIONS)e Fu(de\014nition)315
2043 y(creates)g(t)o(w)o(o)g(output)g(sections:)28 b(one)19
b(called)h(`)p Ft(.text)p Fu(',)e(whic)o(h)i(starts)d(at)h
Ft(0x1000)p Fu(,)h(and)315 2098 y(one)j(called)h(`)p
Ft(.mdata)p Fu(',)e(whic)o(h)h(is)g(loaded)g(at)f(the)g(end)h(of)f(the)
h(`)p Ft(.text)p Fu(')e(section)i(ev)o(en)315 2153 y(though)15
b(its)g(relo)q(cation)g(address)g(is)g Ft(0x2000)p Fu(.)k(The)c(sym)o
(b)q(ol)g Ft(_data)f Fu(is)i(de\014ned)g(with)f(the)315
2208 y(v)m(alue)h Ft(0x2000)p Fu(:)435 2279 y Ft(SECTIONS)483
2331 y({)483 2383 y(.text)23 b(0x1000)g(:)h({)f(*\(.text\))g(_etext)g
(=)h(.)g(;)f(})483 2435 y(.mdata)g(0x2000)g(:)530 2487
y(AT)h(\()g(ADDR\(.text\))e(+)i(SIZEOF)f(\()h(.text)f(\))h(\))530
2539 y({)g(_data)f(=)h(.)g(;)g(*\(.data\);)e(_edata)h(=)h(.)g(;)47
b(})483 2591 y(.bss)23 b(0x3000)g(:)530 2643 y({)h(_bstart)f(=)h(.)g(;)
47 b(*\(.bss\))23 b(*\(COMMON\))g(;)g(_bend)h(=)f(.)h(;})435
2694 y(})315 2768 y Fu(The)16 b(run-time)g(initialization)i(co)q(de)f
(\(for)d(C)h(programs,)f(usually)j Ft(crt0)p Fu(\))e(for)g(use)g(with)h
(a)315 2823 y(R)o(OM)h(generated)h(this)f(w)o(a)o(y)f(has)h(to)g
(include)i(something)f(lik)o(e)g(the)g(follo)o(wing,)g(to)e(cop)o(y)315
2878 y(the)f(initialized)k(data)14 b(from)h(the)g(R)o(OM)h(image)f(to)f
(its)i(run)o(time)f(address:)p eop
%%Page: 34 36
34 35 bop 75 149 a Fu(34)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
435 391 y Ft(char)23 b(*src)h(=)f(_etext;)435 443 y(char)g(*dst)h(=)f
(_data;)435 546 y(/*)h(ROM)f(has)g(data)h(at)f(end)h(of)f(text;)h(copy)
f(it.)g(*/)435 598 y(while)g(\(dst)g(<)h(_edata\))f({)483
650 y(*dst++)g(=)g(*src++;)435 702 y(})435 806 y(/*)h(Zero)f(bss)g(*/)
435 858 y(for)g(\(dst)h(=)f(_bstart;)g(dst<)h(_bend;)f(dst++\))483
910 y(*dst)g(=)h(0;)75 987 y(>)p Fn(region)95 b Fu(Assign)18
b(this)g(section)g(to)e(a)h(previously)i(de\014ned)g(region)f(of)f
(memory)l(.)26 b(See)18 b(Section)g(3.3)315 1042 y([MEMOR)l(Y],)c(page)
h(25.)75 1123 y Ft(:)p Fn(phdr)123 b Fu(Assign)12 b(this)h(section)f
(to)f(a)h(segmen)o(t)f(describ)q(ed)j(b)o(y)d(a)h(program)f(header.)19
b(See)12 b(Section)h(3.5)315 1178 y([PHDRS],)k(page)g(35.)26
b(If)18 b(a)f(section)h(is)g(assigned)g(to)f(one)h(or)f(more)g(segmen)o
(ts,)g(then)h(all)315 1233 y(subsequen)o(t)d(allo)q(cated)g(sections)g
(will)g(b)q(e)g(assigned)g(to)f(those)f(segmen)o(ts)h(as)g(w)o(ell,)h
(unless)315 1287 y(they)e(use)g(an)g(explicitly)i Ft(:)p
Fn(phdr)i Fu(mo)q(di\014er.)j(T)l(o)13 b(prev)o(en)o(t)f(a)h(section)g
(from)f(b)q(eing)i(assigned)315 1342 y(to)h(a)f(segmen)o(t)h(when)h(it)
f(w)o(ould)h(normally)g(default)f(to)g(one,)g(use)h Ft(:NONE)p
Fu(.)75 1423 y Ft(=)p Fn(\014ll)167 b Fu(Including)13
b Ft(=)p Fn(\014ll)g Fu(in)f(a)e(section)h(de\014nition)h(sp)q
(eci\014es)g(the)e(initial)j(\014ll)f(v)m(alue)f(for)f(that)g(section.)
315 1478 y(Y)l(ou)j(ma)o(y)e(use)i(an)o(y)f(expression)i(to)d(sp)q
(ecify)j Fn(\014ll)p Fu(.)21 b(An)o(y)12 b(unallo)q(cated)i(holes)f(in)
h(the)e(curren)o(t)315 1533 y(output)k(section)g(when)g(written)g(to)f
(the)h(output)f(\014le)i(will)g(b)q(e)g(\014lled)h(with)e(the)f(t)o(w)o
(o)g(least)315 1588 y(signi\014can)o(t)j(b)o(ytes)f(of)f(the)i(v)m
(alue,)g(rep)q(eated)g(as)e(necessary)l(.)26 b(Y)l(ou)18
b(can)f(also)g(c)o(hange)g(the)315 1642 y(\014ll)g(v)m(alue)f(with)g(a)
e Ft(FILL)h Fu(statemen)o(t)f(in)i(the)g Fn(con)o(ten)o(ts)g
Fu(of)f(a)g(section)g(de\014nition.)75 1757 y Fk(3.4.5)30
b(Ov)n(erla)n(ys)75 1855 y Fu(The)18 b Ft(OVERLAY)e Fu(command)h(pro)o
(vides)h(an)f(easy)g(w)o(a)o(y)f(to)h(describ)q(e)i(sections)f(whic)o
(h)g(are)f(to)f(b)q(e)i(loaded)75 1909 y(as)j(part)f(of)g(a)h(single)h
(memory)f(image)g(but)g(are)f(to)g(b)q(e)i(run)f(at)f(the)h(same)g
(memory)f(address.)37 b(A)o(t)75 1964 y(run)19 b(time,)g(some)g(sort)e
(of)i(o)o(v)o(erla)o(y)f(manager)f(will)k(cop)o(y)d(the)h(o)o(v)o
(erlaid)g(sections)g(in)h(and)e(out)h(of)f(the)75 2019
y(run)o(time)13 b(memory)e(address)i(as)e(required,)j(p)q(erhaps)f(b)o
(y)f(simply)h(manipulating)h(addressing)f(bits.)19 b(This)75
2074 y(approac)o(h)11 b(can)g(b)q(e)h(useful,)h(for)e(example,)h(when)g
(a)f(certain)g(region)h(of)f(memory)f(is)i(faster)f(than)g(another.)75
2142 y(The)k Ft(OVERLAY)g Fu(command)g(is)g(used)h(within)h(a)d
Ft(SECTIONS)h Fu(command.)k(It)d(app)q(ears)f(as)g(follo)o(ws:)243
2208 y Ft(OVERLAY)23 b Fn(start)g Ft(:)h([)g(NOCROSSREFS)e(])i(AT)f(\()
h Fn(ldaddr)k Ft(\))267 2260 y({)314 2312 y Fn(secname1)g
Ft({)c Fn(con)o(ten)o(ts)h Ft(})f(:)p Fn(phdr)j Ft(=)p
Fn(\014ll)314 2364 y(secname2)h Ft({)c Fn(con)o(ten)o(ts)h
Ft(})f(:)p Fn(phdr)j Ft(=)p Fn(\014ll)314 2416 y Fi(:)8
b(:)g(:)267 2467 y Ft(})23 b(>)p Fn(region)h Ft(:)p Fn(phdr)k
Ft(=)p Fn(\014ll)75 2535 y Fu(Ev)o(erything)19 b(is)g(optional)h
(except)f Ft(OVERLAY)f Fu(\(a)h(k)o(eyw)o(ord\),)f(and)h(eac)o(h)g
(section)g(m)o(ust)g(ha)o(v)o(e)f(a)h(name)75 2590 y(\()p
Fn(secname1)24 b Fu(and)d Fn(secname2)j Fu(ab)q(o)o(v)o(e\).)36
b(The)21 b(section)g(de\014nitions)i(within)f(the)f Ft(OVERLAY)e
Fu(construct)75 2645 y(are)d(iden)o(tical)h(to)f(those)f(within)j(the)e
(general)g Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(con)o(truct)g(\(see)h(Section)h(3.4)e
([SECTIONS],)75 2699 y(page)20 b(26\),)h(except)g(that)f(no)g
(addresses)h(and)g(no)f(memory)g(regions)h(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)h(de\014ned)h
(for)d(sections)75 2754 y(within)d(an)g Ft(OVERLAY)p
Fu(.)75 2823 y(The)21 b(sections)g(are)g(all)g(de\014ned)h(with)g(the)e
(same)h(starting)f(address.)37 b(The)21 b(load)g(addresses)g(of)f(the)
75 2878 y(sections)13 b(are)g(arranged)f(suc)o(h)i(that)e(they)h(are)f
(consecutiv)o(e)i(in)g(memory)e(starting)g(at)h(the)g(load)g(address)p
eop
%%Page: 35 37
35 36 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(35)75 391 y(used)20 b(for)e(the)h Ft(OVERLAY)f Fu(as)h(a)g(whole)g
(\(as)g(with)g(normal)g(section)h(de\014nitions,)h(the)e(load)g
(address)g(is)75 446 y(optional,)e(and)f(defaults)h(to)e(the)h(start)f
(address;)h(the)h(start)e(address)h(is)g(also)h(optional,)f(and)g
(defaults)75 500 y(to)f Ft(.)p Fu(\).)75 568 y(If)e(the)f
Ft(NOCROSSREFS)f Fu(k)o(eyw)o(ord)g(is)i(used,)g(and)g(there)f(an)o(y)g
(references)h(among)f(the)g(sections,)h(the)g(link)o(er)75
622 y(will)19 b(rep)q(ort)f(an)f(error.)26 b(Since)19
b(the)f(sections)g(all)h(run)f(at)f(the)g(same)h(address,)f(it)h
(normally)g(do)q(es)g(not)75 677 y(mak)o(e)12 b(sense)h(for)f(one)h
(section)g(to)f(refer)h(directly)h(to)e(another.)19 b(See)13
b(Section)g(3.8)f([Option)h(Commands],)75 732 y(page)i(40.)75
799 y(F)l(or)j(eac)o(h)h(section)h(within)g(the)f Ft(OVERLAY)p
Fu(,)g(the)g(link)o(er)h(automatically)f(de\014nes)i(t)o(w)o(o)c(sym)o
(b)q(ols.)32 b(The)75 854 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)16 b Ft(__load_start_)p
Fn(secname)h Fu(is)f(de\014ned)h(as)f(the)g(starting)f(load)h(address)f
(of)h(the)g(section.)22 b(The)75 909 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)g
Ft(__load_stop_)p Fn(secname)i Fu(is)e(de\014ned)i(as)d(the)i(\014nal)g
(load)f(address)g(of)g(the)g(section.)41 b(An)o(y)75
964 y(c)o(haracters)20 b(within)j Fn(secname)h Fu(whic)o(h)e(are)e(not)
h(legal)h(within)g(C)f(iden)o(ti\014ers)i(are)e(remo)o(v)o(ed.)37
b(C)21 b(\(or)75 1018 y(assem)o(bler\))15 b(co)q(de)h(ma)o(y)e(use)i
(these)f(sym)o(b)q(ols)h(to)e(mo)o(v)o(e)h(the)g(o)o(v)o(erlaid)h
(sections)f(around)h(as)e(necessary)l(.)75 1086 y(A)o(t)i(the)g(end)h
(of)f(the)g(o)o(v)o(erla)o(y)l(,)g(the)h(v)m(alue)g(of)f
Ft(.)g Fu(is)h(set)f(to)g(the)g(start)f(address)i(of)f(the)g(o)o(v)o
(erla)o(y)g(plus)h(the)75 1141 y(size)f(of)f(the)g(largest)g(section.)
75 1208 y(Here)g(is)h(an)f(example.)21 b(Remem)o(b)q(er)16
b(that)f(this)g(w)o(ould)h(app)q(ear)f(inside)i(a)e Ft(SECTIONS)f
Fu(construct.)243 1272 y Ft(OVERLAY)23 b(0x1000)g(:)g(AT)h(\(0x4000\))
267 1324 y({)314 1376 y(.text0)f({)h(o1/*.o\(.text\))e(})314
1428 y(.text1)h({)h(o2/*.o\(.text\))e(})267 1480 y(})75
1543 y Fu(This)11 b(will)h(de\014ne)f(b)q(oth)f Ft(.text0)g
Fu(and)g Ft(.text1)f Fu(to)h(start)f(at)h(address)g(0x1000.)17
b Ft(.text0)9 b Fu(will)j(b)q(e)f(loaded)g(at)75 1598
y(address)16 b(0x4000,)e(and)j Ft(.text1)e Fu(will)i(b)q(e)g(loaded)g
(immediately)g(after)f Ft(.text0)p Fu(.)21 b(The)16 b(follo)o(wing)h
(sym-)75 1653 y(b)q(ols)23 b(will)g(b)q(e)g(de\014ned:)34
b Ft(__load_start_text0)p Fu(,)21 b Ft(__load_stop_text0)p
Fu(,)g Ft(__load_start_text1)p Fu(,)75 1708 y Ft(__load_stop_text1)p
Fu(.)75 1775 y(C)15 b(co)q(de)h(to)e(cop)o(y)h(o)o(v)o(erla)o(y)g
Ft(.text1)f Fu(in)o(to)h(the)h(o)o(v)o(erla)o(y)e(area)h(migh)o(t)g(lo)
q(ok)g(lik)o(e)i(the)e(follo)o(wing.)243 1840 y Ft(extern)23
b(char)g(__load_start_text1,)e(__load_stop_text1;)243
1891 y(memcpy)i(\(\(char)g(*\))g(0x1000,)g(&__load_start_text1,)434
1943 y(&__load_stop_text1)e(-)j(&__load_start_text1\);)75
2007 y Fu(Note)11 b(that)f(the)i Ft(OVERLAY)e Fu(command)h(is)g(just)g
(syn)o(tactic)h(sugar,)f(since)h(ev)o(erything)f(it)h(do)q(es)f(can)h
(b)q(e)g(done)75 2062 y(using)i(the)g(more)f(basic)h(commands.)19
b(The)14 b(ab)q(o)o(v)o(e)f(example)h(could)h(ha)o(v)o(e)e(b)q(een)i
(written)e(iden)o(tically)j(as)75 2117 y(follo)o(ws.)243
2181 y Ft(.text0)23 b(0x1000)g(:)h(AT)f(\(0x4000\))g({)h
(o1/*.o\(.text\))e(})243 2233 y(__load_start_text0)f(=)j(LOADADDR)f
(\(.text0\);)243 2285 y(__load_stop_text0)e(=)j(LOADADDR)f(\(.text0\))g
(+)g(SIZEOF)g(\(.text0\);)243 2337 y(.text1)g(0x1000)g(:)h(AT)f
(\(0x4000)g(+)h(SIZEOF)f(\(.text0\)\))f({)i(o2/*.o\(.text\))e(})243
2389 y(__load_start_text1)f(=)j(LOADADDR)f(\(.text1\);)243
2440 y(__load_stop_text1)e(=)j(LOADADDR)f(\(.text1\))g(+)g(SIZEOF)g
(\(.text1\);)243 2492 y(.)g(=)h(0x1000)f(+)h(MAX)f(\(SIZEOF)g
(\(.text0\),)g(SIZEOF)g(\(.text1\)\);)75 2617 y Fs(3.5)33
b(ELF)23 b(Program)f(Headers)75 2713 y Fu(The)14 b(ELF)g(ob)s(ject)f
(\014le)i(format)d(uses)i Fn(program)f(headers)p Fu(,)h(whic)o(h)h(are)
e(read)h(b)o(y)f(the)h(system)g(loader)g(and)75 2768
y(describ)q(e)j(ho)o(w)e(the)g(program)f(should)i(b)q(e)g(loaded)g(in)o
(to)f(memory)l(.)20 b(These)15 b(program)f(headers)i(m)o(ust)e(b)q(e)75
2823 y(set)j(correctly)g(in)h(order)f(to)g(run)g(the)g(program)f(on)h
(a)g(nativ)o(e)g(ELF)g(system.)26 b(The)17 b(link)o(er)h(will)h(create)
75 2878 y(reasonable)f(program)e(headers)i(b)o(y)g(default.)27
b(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)17 b(in)h(some)f(cases,)h(it)g(is)g(desirable)h(to)
e(sp)q(ecify)p eop
%%Page: 36 38
36 37 bop 75 149 a Fu(36)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y(the)k(program)f(headers)h(more)g(precisely;)k(the)c
Ft(PHDRS)f Fu(command)h(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)i(used)g(for)e(this)i(purp)q
(ose.)75 446 y(When)15 b(the)g Ft(PHDRS)f Fu(command)g(is)h(used,)g
(the)g(link)o(er)h(will)g(not)e(generate)h(an)o(y)f(program)f(headers)i
(itself.)75 512 y(The)g Ft(PHDRS)f Fu(command)h(is)h(only)f(meaningful)
h(when)g(generating)f(an)g(ELF)g(output)f(\014le.)21
b(It)15 b(is)g(ignored)75 567 y(in)d(other)f(cases.)19
b(This)12 b(man)o(ual)g(do)q(es)g(not)f(describ)q(e)i(the)f(details)g
(of)f(ho)o(w)g(the)h(system)f(loader)h(in)o(terprets)75
622 y(program)h(headers;)i(for)e(more)h(information,)h(see)f(the)h(ELF)
f(ABI.)g(The)h(program)e(headers)i(of)f(an)g(ELF)75 677
y(\014le)i(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)h(displa)o(y)o(ed)g(using)g(the)f(`)p
Ft(-p)p Fu(')f(option)i(of)f(the)g Ft(objdump)f Fu(command.)75
743 y(This)i(is)h(the)f(syn)o(tax)f(of)h(the)g Ft(PHDRS)f
Fu(command.)22 b(The)16 b(w)o(ords)f Ft(PHDRS)p Fu(,)g
Ft(FILEHDR)p Fu(,)g Ft(AT)p Fu(,)g(and)h Ft(FLAGS)f Fu(are)75
798 y(k)o(eyw)o(ords.)195 862 y Ft(PHDRS)195 914 y({)243
966 y Fn(name)26 b(t)o(yp)q(e)h Ft([)c(FILEHDR)g(])h([)g(PHDRS)f(])h([)
f(AT)h(\()g Fn(address)i Ft(\))d(])386 1018 y([)h(FLAGS)f(\()h
Fn(\015ags)h Ft(\))f(])f(;)195 1070 y(})75 1133 y Fu(The)15
b Fn(name)i Fu(is)e(used)g(only)h(for)e(reference)h(in)g(the)g
Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(command)g(of)g(the)h(link)o(er)h(script.)k(It)15
b(do)q(es)75 1188 y(not)g(get)g(put)g(in)o(to)g(the)g(output)g(\014le.)
75 1254 y(Certain)g(program)f(header)h(t)o(yp)q(es)g(describ)q(e)i
(segmen)o(ts)d(of)g(memory)h(whic)o(h)h(are)e(loaded)i(from)e(the)h
(\014le)75 1309 y(b)o(y)i(the)f(system)h(loader.)24 b(In)18
b(the)f(link)o(er)g(script,)h(the)e(con)o(ten)o(ts)g(of)h(these)g
(segmen)o(ts)f(are)g(sp)q(eci\014ed)j(b)o(y)75 1364 y(directing)e(allo)
q(cated)g(output)f(sections)h(to)e(b)q(e)i(placed)g(in)g(the)f(segmen)o
(t.)22 b(T)l(o)16 b(do)g(this,)g(the)g(command)75 1419
y(describing)i(the)f(output)f(section)h(in)h(the)e Ft(SECTIONS)f
Fu(command)i(should)g(use)g(`)p Ft(:)p Fn(name)s Fu(',)e(where)i
Fn(name)75 1474 y Fu(is)f(the)f(name)h(of)f(the)g(program)f(header)i
(as)f(it)h(app)q(ears)f(in)h(the)g Ft(PHDRS)e Fu(command.)20
b(See)c(Section)h(3.4.4)75 1528 y([Section)f(Options],)f(page)g(32.)75
1595 y(It)h(is)h(normal)f(for)f(certain)h(sections)h(to)e(app)q(ear)h
(in)h(more)f(than)g(one)g(segmen)o(t.)22 b(This)16 b(merely)h(implies)
75 1650 y(that)12 b(one)g(segmen)o(t)g(of)g(memory)g(con)o(tains)h
(another.)18 b(This)13 b(is)g(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(b)o(y)d(rep)q(eating)h
(`)p Ft(:)p Fn(name)s Fu(',)e(using)75 1705 y(it)k(once)h(for)f(eac)o
(h)g(program)f(header)h(in)i(whic)o(h)f(the)f(section)h(is)f(to)g(app)q
(ear.)75 1772 y(If)g(a)g(section)g(is)h(placed)g(in)g(one)f(or)f(more)h
(segmen)o(ts)f(using)i(`)p Ft(:)p Fn(name)s Fu(',)d(then)j(all)f
(subsequen)o(t)h(allo)q(cated)75 1826 y(sections)h(whic)o(h)g(do)f(not)
f(sp)q(ecify)j(`)p Ft(:)p Fn(name)s Fu(')c(are)i(placed)h(in)g(the)g
(same)e(segmen)o(ts.)22 b(This)17 b(is)g(for)e(con)o(v)o(e-)75
1881 y(nience,)g(since)g(generally)g(a)f(whole)g(set)f(of)h(con)o
(tiguous)g(sections)g(will)h(b)q(e)g(placed)g(in)f(a)g(single)h(segmen)
o(t.)75 1936 y(T)l(o)h(prev)o(en)o(t)h(a)f(section)h(from)f(b)q(eing)i
(assigned)f(to)f(a)g(segmen)o(t)g(when)h(it)g(w)o(ould)g(normally)g
(default)h(to)75 1991 y(one,)d(use)g Ft(:NONE)p Fu(.)75
2058 y(The)j Ft(FILEHDR)f Fu(and)h Ft(PHDRS)f Fu(k)o(eyw)o(ords)f(whic)
o(h)j(ma)o(y)e(app)q(ear)h(after)f(the)h(program)e(header)i(t)o(yp)q(e)
g(also)75 2112 y(indicate)c(con)o(ten)o(ts)e(of)h(the)g(segmen)o(t)f
(of)g(memory)l(.)19 b(The)13 b Ft(FILEHDR)f Fu(k)o(eyw)o(ord)g(means)g
(that)h(the)f(segmen)o(t)75 2167 y(should)20 b(include)h(the)d(ELF)h
(\014le)h(header.)30 b(The)19 b Ft(PHDRS)f Fu(k)o(eyw)o(ord)g(means)g
(that)g(the)h(segmen)o(t)f(should)75 2222 y(include)g(the)d(ELF)g
(program)f(headers)i(themselv)o(es.)75 2289 y(The)f Fn(t)o(yp)q(e)j
Fu(ma)o(y)d(b)q(e)h(one)f(of)g(the)g(follo)o(wing.)21
b(The)15 b(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers)g(indicate)i(the)e(v)m(alue)i(of)e(the)g(k)
o(eyw)o(ord.)75 2367 y Ft(PT_NULL)f Fu(\(0\))315 2422
y(Indicates)i(an)g(un)o(used)g(program)e(header.)75 2501
y Ft(PT_LOAD)g Fu(\(1\))315 2556 y(Indicates)j(that)f(this)g(program)f
(header)i(describ)q(es)h(a)e(segmen)o(t)f(to)h(b)q(e)h(loaded)f(from)g
(the)315 2611 y(\014le.)75 2689 y Ft(PT_DYNAMIC)e Fu(\(2\))315
2744 y(Indicates)i(a)f(segmen)o(t)g(where)h(dynamic)g(linking)h
(information)e(can)h(b)q(e)f(found.)75 2823 y Ft(PT_INTERP)f
Fu(\(3\))315 2878 y(Indicates)i(a)f(segmen)o(t)g(where)g(the)g(name)g
(of)g(the)g(program)f(in)o(terpreter)h(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)i(found.)p
eop
%%Page: 37 39
37 38 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(37)75 391 y Ft(PT_NOTE)14 b Fu(\(4\))315 446 y(Indicates)i(a)f
(segmen)o(t)g(holding)i(note)e(information.)75 529 y
Ft(PT_SHLIB)f Fu(\(5\))315 584 y(A)h(reserv)o(ed)h(program)e(header)h
(t)o(yp)q(e,)g(de\014ned)i(but)e(not)g(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(b)o(y)e(the)h
(ELF)f(ABI.)75 667 y Ft(PT_PHDR)f Fu(\(6\))315 722 y(Indicates)i(a)f
(segmen)o(t)g(where)h(the)f(program)f(headers)h(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)h
(found.)75 805 y Fn(expression)37 b Fu(An)19 b(expression)h(giving)g
(the)f(n)o(umeric)h(t)o(yp)q(e)f(of)f(the)h(program)f(header.)32
b(This)19 b(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)315 860 y(used)e(for)e(t)o(yp)q(es)i(not)e
(de\014ned)j(ab)q(o)o(v)o(e.)75 945 y(It)d(is)g(p)q(ossible)i(to)d(sp)q
(ecify)i(that)e(a)h(segmen)o(t)f(should)i(b)q(e)f(loaded)h(at)e(a)h
(particular)g(address)g(in)h(memory)l(.)75 1000 y(This)22
b(is)f(done)g(using)h(an)f Ft(AT)g Fu(expression.)38
b(This)21 b(is)h(iden)o(tical)h(to)d(the)h Ft(AT)g Fu(command)g(used)g
(in)h(the)75 1055 y Ft(SECTIONS)14 b Fu(command)g(\(see)h(Section)h
(3.4.4)d([Section)j(Options],)f(page)f(32\).)19 b(Using)d(the)f
Ft(AT)f Fu(command)75 1109 y(for)h(a)f(program)h(header)g(o)o(v)o
(errides)g(an)o(y)g(information)g(in)i(the)e Ft(SECTIONS)f
Fu(command.)75 1180 y(Normally)h(the)f(segmen)o(t)f(\015ags)h(are)g
(set)g(based)g(on)g(the)g(sections.)20 b(The)15 b Ft(FLAGS)e
Fu(k)o(eyw)o(ord)g(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)g(used)75 1235 y(to)h(explicitly)j
(sp)q(ecify)f(the)f(segmen)o(t)f(\015ags.)21 b(The)16
b(v)m(alue)g(of)g Fn(\015ags)h Fu(m)o(ust)e(b)q(e)h(an)f(in)o(teger.)22
b(It)15 b(is)h(used)h(to)75 1290 y(set)e(the)g Ft(p_flags)f
Fu(\014eld)j(of)e(the)g(program)f(header.)75 1361 y(Here)i(is)h(an)f
(example)g(of)g(the)g(use)g(of)g Ft(PHDRS)p Fu(.)21 b(This)16
b(sho)o(ws)g(a)f(t)o(ypical)i(set)f(of)f(program)g(headers)h(used)75
1416 y(on)f(a)g(nativ)o(e)g(ELF)h(system.)195 1484 y
Ft(PHDRS)195 1535 y({)243 1587 y(headers)23 b(PT_PHDR)g(PHDRS)g(;)243
1639 y(interp)g(PT_INTERP)f(;)243 1691 y(text)h(PT_LOAD)g(FILEHDR)g
(PHDRS)g(;)243 1743 y(data)g(PT_LOAD)g(;)243 1795 y(dynamic)g
(PT_DYNAMIC)f(;)195 1847 y(})195 1951 y(SECTIONS)195
2002 y({)243 2054 y(.)h(=)h(SIZEOF_HEADERS;)243 2106
y(.interp)f(:)g({)h(*\(.interp\))f(})g(:text)g(:interp)243
2158 y(.text)g(:)h({)f(*\(.text\))g(})h(:text)243 2210
y(.rodata)f(:)g({)h(*\(.rodata\))f(})g(/*)h(defaults)f(to)g(:text)g(*/)
243 2262 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)243 2314 y Ft(.)23 b(=)h(.)g(+)g(0x1000;)f
(/*)g(move)g(to)h(a)g(new)f(page)h(in)f(memory)g(*/)243
2366 y(.data)g(:)h({)f(*\(.data\))g(})h(:data)243 2418
y(.dynamic)e(:)i({)g(*\(.dynamic\))e(})i(:data)f(:dynamic)243
2469 y Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)195 2521 y Ft(})75 2655 y Fs(3.6)33
b(The)22 b(En)n(try)i(P)n(oin)n(t)75 2755 y Fu(The)19
b(link)o(er)h(command)e(language)h(includes)i(a)d(command)h(sp)q
(eci\014cally)i(for)d(de\014ning)i(the)f(\014rst)f(exe-)75
2810 y(cutable)e(instruction)g(in)g(an)f(output)g(\014le)i(\(its)e
Fn(en)o(try)g(p)q(oin)o(t)q Fu(\).)20 b(Its)15 b(argumen)o(t)f(is)i(a)f
(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(name:)195 2878 y Ft(ENTRY\()p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r
Ft(\))p eop
%%Page: 38 40
38 39 bop 75 149 a Fu(38)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y(Lik)o(e)22 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(assignmen)o(ts,)h(the)e
Ft(ENTRY)h Fu(command)f(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)i(placed)g(either)f(as)g(an)g
(indep)q(enden)o(t)75 446 y(command)j(in)g(the)g(command)g(\014le,)j
(or)c(among)g(the)h(section)h(de\014nitions)g(within)g(the)f
Ft(SECTIONS)75 500 y Fu(command|whatev)o(er)15 b(mak)o(es)g(the)g(most)
f(sense)i(for)e(y)o(our)h(la)o(y)o(out.)75 568 y Ft(ENTRY)h
Fu(is)h(only)g(one)f(of)g(sev)o(eral)h(w)o(a)o(ys)e(of)h(c)o(ho)q
(osing)h(the)f(en)o(try)g(p)q(oin)o(t.)24 b(Y)l(ou)17
b(ma)o(y)e(indicate)j(it)f(in)g(an)o(y)75 623 y(of)i(the)g(follo)o
(wing)h(w)o(a)o(ys)f(\(sho)o(wn)f(in)i(descending)i(order)d(of)g
(priorit)o(y:)28 b(metho)q(ds)19 b(higher)i(in)f(the)f(list)75
678 y(o)o(v)o(erride)c(metho)q(ds)h(lo)o(w)o(er)e(do)o(wn\).)112
745 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(the)15 b(`)p Ft(-e)p Fu(')f Fn(en)o(try)19
b Fu(command-line)e(option;)112 813 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(the)15
b Ft(ENTRY\()p Fn(sym)o(b)q(ol)r Ft(\))g Fu(command)g(in)h(a)f(link)o
(er)h(con)o(trol)f(script;)112 880 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(the)15
b(v)m(alue)i(of)d(the)i(sym)o(b)q(ol)f Ft(start)p Fu(,)f(if)i(presen)o
(t;)112 948 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(the)15 b(address)h(of)e(the)i(\014rst)e
(b)o(yte)h(of)g(the)g Ft(.text)g Fu(section,)g(if)h(presen)o(t;)112
1015 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(The)15 b(address)h Ft(0)p Fu(.)75
1095 y(F)l(or)f(example,)h(y)o(ou)f(can)h(use)f(these)h(rules)g(to)f
(generate)h(an)f(en)o(try)g(p)q(oin)o(t)h(with)g(an)f(assignmen)o(t)h
(state-)75 1150 y(men)o(t:)33 b(if)23 b(no)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)g
Ft(start)g Fu(is)g(de\014ned)h(within)h(y)o(our)d(input)i(\014les,)i(y)
o(ou)c(can)i(simply)g(de\014ne)g(it,)75 1205 y(assigning)16
b(it)f(an)h(appropriate)f(v)m(alue|)195 1270 y Ft(start)23
b(=)h(0x2020;)75 1337 y Fu(The)17 b(example)h(sho)o(ws)e(an)h(absolute)
g(address,)g(but)g(y)o(ou)g(can)g(use)g(an)o(y)g(expression.)25
b(F)l(or)17 b(example,)g(if)75 1392 y(y)o(our)c(input)i(ob)s(ject)e
(\014les)i(use)f(some)f(other)g(sym)o(b)q(ol-name)i(con)o(v)o(en)o
(tion)e(for)g(the)h(en)o(try)f(p)q(oin)o(t,)h(y)o(ou)g(can)75
1447 y(just)h(assign)g(the)h(v)m(alue)g(of)f(whatev)o(er)f(sym)o(b)q
(ol)i(con)o(tains)f(the)g(start)f(address)i(to)e Ft(start)p
Fu(:)195 1512 y Ft(start)23 b(=)h(other_symbol)e(;)75
1641 y Fs(3.7)33 b(V)-6 b(ersion)22 b(Script)75 1738
y Fu(The)15 b(link)o(er)i(command)e(script)g(includes)j(a)d(command)g
(sp)q(eci\014cally)j(for)d(sp)q(ecifying)i(a)d(v)o(ersion)i(script,)75
1793 y(and)i(is)g(only)g(meaningful)h(for)e(ELF)h(platforms)f(that)g
(supp)q(ort)h(shared)f(libraries.)29 b(A)18 b(v)o(ersion)g(script)75
1847 y(can)c(b)q(e)g(build)h(directly)g(in)o(to)e(the)h(link)o(er)g
(script)g(that)f(y)o(ou)g(are)g(using,)h(or)f(y)o(ou)g(can)h(supply)g
(the)g(v)o(ersion)75 1902 y(script)g(as)e(just)h(another)g(input)h
(\014le)g(to)e(the)h(link)o(er)i(at)d(the)h(time)h(that)e(y)o(ou)h
(link.)20 b(The)14 b(command)f(script)75 1957 y(syn)o(tax)h(is:)195
2022 y Ft(VERSION)23 b({)h(version)f(script)g(contents)f(})75
2089 y Fu(The)16 b(v)o(ersion)g(script)g(can)g(also)f(b)q(e)i(sp)q
(eci\014ed)g(to)e(the)h(link)o(er)h(b)o(y)e(means)h(of)f(the)h(`)p
Ft(--version-script)p Fu(')75 2144 y(link)o(er)23 b(command)e(line)j
(option.)39 b(V)l(ersion)22 b(scripts)g(are)g(only)g(meaningful)h(when)
f(creating)g(shared)75 2199 y(libraries.)75 2267 y(The)14
b(format)e(of)h(the)g(v)o(ersion)h(script)g(itself)g(is)g(iden)o(tical)
h(to)e(that)f(used)i(b)o(y)g(Sun's)f(link)o(er)i(in)f(Solaris)g(2.5.)75
2321 y(V)l(ersioning)g(is)f(done)g(b)o(y)g(de\014ning)h(a)e(tree)h(of)f
(v)o(ersion)h(no)q(des)g(with)g(the)g(names)g(and)g(in)o(terdep)q
(endencies)75 2376 y(sp)q(eci\014ed)18 b(in)g(the)e(v)o(ersion)h
(script.)23 b(The)17 b(v)o(ersion)g(script)f(can)h(sp)q(ecify)g(whic)o
(h)h(sym)o(b)q(ols)e(are)g(b)q(ound)i(to)75 2431 y(whic)o(h)c(v)o
(ersion)g(no)q(des,)g(and)f(it)h(can)f(reduce)i(a)e(sp)q(eci\014ed)i
(set)e(of)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)h(to)f(lo)q(cal)h(scop)q(e)g(so)f(that)g
(they)75 2486 y(are)i(not)g(globally)h(visible)i(outside)d(of)g(the)g
(shared)h(library)l(.)75 2553 y(The)f(easiest)h(w)o(a)o(y)e(to)h
(demonstrate)f(the)h(v)o(ersion)h(script)f(language)h(is)g(with)f(a)g
(few)g(examples.)195 2618 y Ft(VERS_1.1)23 b({)219 2670
y(global:)219 2722 y(foo1;)219 2774 y(local:)219 2826
y(old*;)219 2878 y(original*;)p eop
%%Page: 39 41
39 40 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(39)219 391 y Ft(new*;)195 443 y(};)195 546 y(VERS_1.2)23
b({)219 598 y(foo2;)195 650 y(})h(VERS_1.1;)195 754 y(VERS_2.0)f({)219
806 y(bar1;)g(bar2;)195 858 y(})h(VERS_1.2;)75 924 y
Fu(In)12 b(this)g(example,)g(three)f(v)o(ersion)h(no)q(des)g(are)e
(de\014ned.)20 b(`)p Ft(VERS_1.1)p Fu(')10 b(is)h(the)h(\014rst)f(v)o
(ersion)g(no)q(de)h(de\014ned,)75 979 y(and)19 b(has)f(no)g(other)g
(dep)q(endencies.)32 b(The)19 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(`)p Ft(foo1)p
Fu(')f(is)i(b)q(ound)g(to)f(this)h(v)o(ersion)f(no)q(de,)i(and)e(a)75
1034 y(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)f(of)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)g(that)f(ha)o(v)o(e)g(app)q
(eared)i(within)g(v)m(arious)f(ob)s(ject)f(\014les)i(are)f(reduced)h
(in)f(scop)q(e)h(to)75 1089 y(lo)q(cal)e(so)f(that)g(they)g(are)g(not)g
(visible)i(outside)f(of)f(the)g(shared)g(library)l(.)75
1155 y(Next,)i(the)g(no)q(de)h(`)p Ft(VERS_1.2)p Fu(')d(is)j
(de\014ned.)27 b(It)17 b(dep)q(ends)h(up)q(on)g(`)p Ft(VERS_1.1)p
Fu('.)24 b(The)17 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(`)p Ft(foo2)p Fu(')d(is)75
1210 y(b)q(ound)h(to)f(this)g(v)o(ersion)h(no)q(de.)75
1276 y(Finally)l(,)i(the)f(no)q(de)g(`)p Ft(VERS_2.0)p
Fu(')d(is)j(de\014ned.)25 b(It)17 b(dep)q(ends)h(up)q(on)f(`)p
Ft(VERS_1.2)p Fu('.)22 b(The)17 b(sym)o(b)q(ols)f(`)p
Ft(bar1)p Fu(')75 1331 y(and)f(`)p Ft(bar2)p Fu(')f(are)h(b)q(ound)h
(to)f(this)g(v)o(ersion)h(no)q(de.)75 1398 y(Sym)o(b)q(ols)21
b(de\014ned)g(in)g(the)f(library)h(whic)o(h)g(aren't)f(sp)q
(eci\014cally)j(b)q(ound)e(to)e(a)h(v)o(ersion)g(no)q(de)h(are)f(ef-)75
1452 y(fectiv)o(ely)j(b)q(ound)f(to)f(an)g(unsp)q(eci\014ed)k(base)c(v)
o(ersion)h(of)f(the)h(library)l(.)39 b(It)22 b(is)g(p)q(ossible)h(to)e
(bind)i(all)75 1507 y(otherwise)16 b(unsp)q(eci\014ed)i(sym)o(b)q(ols)d
(to)g(a)g(giv)o(en)h(v)o(ersion)g(no)q(de)g(using)g(`)p
Ft(global:)d(*)p Fu(')i(somewhere)h(in)g(the)75 1562
y(v)o(ersion)f(script.)75 1628 y(Lexically)21 b(the)d(names)g(of)g(the)
h(v)o(ersion)f(no)q(des)h(ha)o(v)o(e)f(no)h(sp)q(eci\014c)h(meaning)f
(other)f(than)g(what)g(they)75 1683 y(migh)o(t)10 b(suggest)g(to)g(the)
g(p)q(erson)h(reading)g(them.)18 b(The)11 b(`)p Ft(2.0)p
Fu(')e(v)o(ersion)i(could)g(just)f(as)g(w)o(ell)h(ha)o(v)o(e)f(app)q
(eared)75 1738 y(in)i(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)g(`)p Ft(1.1)p
Fu(')e(and)i(`)p Ft(1.2)p Fu('.)17 b(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)11
b(this)h(w)o(ould)g(b)q(e)g(a)f(confusing)h(w)o(a)o(y)f(to)g(write)g(a)
g(v)o(ersion)h(script.)75 1804 y(When)21 b(y)o(ou)g(link)i(an)e
(application)i(against)d(a)h(shared)g(library)h(that)f(has)g(v)o
(ersioned)g(sym)o(b)q(ols,)i(the)75 1859 y(application)18
b(itself)g(kno)o(ws)e(whic)o(h)h(v)o(ersion)g(of)f(eac)o(h)g(sym)o(b)q
(ol)h(it)g(requires,)g(and)g(it)g(also)f(kno)o(ws)g(whic)o(h)75
1914 y(v)o(ersion)h(no)q(des)h(it)f(needs)h(from)e(eac)o(h)h(shared)g
(library)g(it)h(is)f(link)o(ed)i(against.)24 b(Th)o(us)17
b(at)g(run)o(time,)g(the)75 1969 y(dynamic)k(loader)e(can)h(mak)o(e)f
(a)h(quic)o(k)g(c)o(hec)o(k)g(to)f(mak)o(e)g(sure)h(that)f(the)h
(libraries)h(y)o(ou)e(ha)o(v)o(e)g(link)o(ed)75 2024
y(against)d(do)h(in)g(fact)f(supply)i(all)g(of)e(the)h(v)o(ersion)g(no)
q(des)g(that)f(the)h(application)h(will)g(need)g(to)e(resolv)o(e)75
2078 y(all)h(of)e(the)h(dynamic)h(sym)o(b)q(ols.)22 b(In)17
b(this)f(w)o(a)o(y)f(it)h(is)g(p)q(ossible)i(for)d(the)h(dynamic)h
(link)o(er)g(to)e(kno)o(w)h(with)75 2133 y(certain)o(t)o(y)d(that)g
(all)i(external)f(sym)o(b)q(ols)g(that)f(it)h(needs)h(will)g(b)q(e)g
(resolv)m(able)g(without)f(ha)o(ving)g(to)f(searc)o(h)75
2188 y(for)i(eac)o(h)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(reference.)75 2254
y(The)j(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(v)o(ersioning)g(is)g(in)g(e\013ect)g(a)f(m)o(uc)
o(h)h(more)f(sophisticated)h(w)o(a)o(y)f(of)g(doing)h(minor)g(v)o
(ersion)75 2309 y(c)o(hec)o(king)f(that)e(SunOS)i(do)q(es.)23
b(The)16 b(fundamen)o(tal)h(problem)f(that)g(is)g(b)q(eing)h(addressed)
g(here)f(is)h(that)75 2364 y(t)o(ypically)22 b(references)g(to)e
(external)h(functions)h(are)e(b)q(ound)i(on)f(an)g(as-needed)h(basis,)g
(and)f(are)f(not)75 2419 y(all)h(b)q(ound)g(when)f(the)g(application)i
(starts)c(up.)35 b(If)20 b(a)g(shared)g(library)g(is)h(out)e(of)h
(date,)g(a)g(required)75 2474 y(in)o(terface)15 b(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)g
(missing;)h(when)g(the)f(application)h(tries)g(to)e(use)h(that)g(in)o
(terface,)g(it)g(ma)o(y)f(suddenly)75 2528 y(and)g(unexp)q(ectedly)i
(fail.)k(With)13 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(v)o(ersioning,)h(the)e(user)h(will)h
(get)e(a)g(w)o(arning)h(when)g(they)f(start)75 2583 y(their)j(program)e
(if)h(the)h(libraries)g(b)q(eing)h(used)f(with)f(the)h(application)g
(are)f(to)q(o)g(old.)75 2650 y(There)j(are)f(sev)o(eral)g(GNU)h
(extensions)g(to)f(Sun's)g(v)o(ersioning)h(approac)o(h.)27
b(The)17 b(\014rst)g(of)g(these)h(is)g(the)75 2704 y(abilit)o(y)h(to)f
(bind)i(a)e(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(to)g(a)g(v)o(ersion)g(no)q(de)h(in)g(the)g
(source)f(\014le)h(where)g(the)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(is)g(de\014ned)75
2759 y(instead)12 b(of)f(in)i(the)e(v)o(ersioning)i(script.)19
b(This)12 b(w)o(as)f(done)h(mainly)g(to)f(reduce)i(the)e(burden)i(on)f
(the)f(library)75 2814 y(main)o(tainer.)20 b(This)c(can)f(b)q(e)h(done)
g(b)o(y)f(putting)h(something)f(lik)o(e:)195 2878 y Ft
(__asm__\(".symver)22 b(original_foo,foo@VERS_1.)o(1"\);)p
eop
%%Page: 40 42
40 41 bop 75 149 a Fu(40)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y(in)20 b(the)f(C)g(source)h(\014le.)33 b(This)19
b(renamed)h(the)f(function)h(`)p Ft(original_foo)p Fu(')d(to)i(b)q(e)h
(an)f(alias)h(for)e(`)p Ft(foo)p Fu(')75 446 y(b)q(ound)f(to)f(the)h(v)
o(ersion)g(no)q(de)g(`)p Ft(VERS_1.1)p Fu('.)22 b(The)16
b(`)p Ft(local:)p Fu(')f(directiv)o(e)j(can)f(b)q(e)g(used)g(to)f(prev)
o(en)o(t)g(the)75 500 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(`)p Ft(original_foo)p
Fu(')c(from)j(b)q(eing)h(exp)q(orted.)75 569 y(The)k(second)f(GNU)h
(extension)g(is)g(to)e(allo)o(w)i(m)o(ultiple)h(v)o(ersions)f(of)e(the)
i(same)f(function)h(to)f(app)q(ear)75 623 y(in)j(a)e(giv)o(en)h(shared)
g(library)l(.)37 b(In)21 b(this)h(w)o(a)o(y)d(an)i(incompatible)i(c)o
(hange)d(to)g(an)h(in)o(terface)g(can)g(tak)o(e)75 678
y(place)14 b(without)f(increasing)h(the)f(ma)s(jor)e(v)o(ersion)i(n)o
(um)o(b)q(er)g(of)g(the)g(shared)g(library)l(,)h(while)g(still)g(allo)o
(wing)75 733 y(applications)j(link)o(ed)g(against)d(the)i(old)f(in)o
(terface)h(to)f(con)o(tin)o(ue)g(to)g(function.)75 801
y(This)g(can)f(only)h(b)q(e)g(accomplished)h(b)o(y)e(using)h(m)o
(ultiple)h(`)p Ft(.symver)p Fu(')d(directiv)o(es)i(in)g(the)g(assem)o
(bler.)20 b(An)75 856 y(example)c(of)f(this)g(w)o(ould)h(b)q(e:)195
921 y Ft(__asm__\(".symver)22 b(original_foo,foo@"\);)195
973 y(__asm__\(".symver)g(old_foo,foo@VERS_1.1"\);)195
1025 y(__asm__\(".symver)g(old_foo1,foo@VERS_1.2"\);)195
1077 y(__asm__\(".symver)g(new_foo,foo@@VERS_2.0"\);)75
1145 y Fu(In)17 b(this)g(example,)h(`)p Ft(foo@)p Fu(')d(represen)o(ts)
i(the)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(`)p Ft(foo)p Fu(')e(b)q(ound)j(to)e(the)h(unsp)q
(eci\014ed)i(base)e(v)o(ersion)75 1200 y(of)k(the)h(sym)o(b)q(ol.)40
b(The)22 b(source)g(\014le)g(that)f(con)o(tains)h(this)g(example)h(w)o
(ould)f(de\014ne)h(4)e(C)h(functions:)75 1255 y(`)p Ft(original_foo)p
Fu(',)12 b(`)p Ft(old_foo)p Fu(',)h(`)p Ft(old_foo1)p
Fu(',)g(and)j(`)p Ft(new_foo)p Fu('.)75 1323 y(When)c(y)o(ou)g(ha)o(v)o
(e)f(m)o(ultiple)j(de\014nitions)g(of)d(a)h(giv)o(en)g(sym)o(b)q(ol,)h
(there)f(needs)g(to)f(b)q(e)i(some)f(w)o(a)o(y)e(to)i(sp)q(ecify)75
1378 y(a)18 b(default)g(v)o(ersion)g(to)f(whic)o(h)i(external)f
(references)h(to)e(this)i(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(will)h(b)q(e)g(b)q(ound.)29
b(This)18 b(can)g(b)q(e)75 1433 y(accomplished)i(with)f(the)f(`)p
Ft(foo@@VERS_2.0)p Fu(')e(t)o(yp)q(e)i(of)g(`)p Ft(.symver)p
Fu(')e(directiv)o(e.)30 b(Only)20 b(one)e(v)o(ersion)g(of)75
1487 y(a)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(can)f(b)q(e)i(declared)f('default')f(in)i
(this)f(manner)f(-)h(otherwise)f(y)o(ou)g(w)o(ould)h(e\013ectiv)o(ely)g
(ha)o(v)o(e)75 1542 y(m)o(ultiple)e(de\014nitions)g(of)e(the)g(same)g
(sym)o(b)q(ol.)75 1611 y(If)f(y)o(ou)g(wish)h(to)e(bind)i(a)f
(reference)h(to)e(a)h(sp)q(eci\014c)i(v)o(ersion)e(of)f(the)i(sym)o(b)q
(ol)f(within)h(the)f(shared)g(library)l(,)75 1665 y(y)o(ou)d(can)g(use)
g(the)g(aliases)g(of)g(con)o(v)o(enience)h(\(i.e.)19
b(`)p Ft(old_foo)p Fu('\),)9 b(or)i(y)o(ou)f(can)h(use)h(the)f(`)p
Ft(.symver)p Fu(')e(directiv)o(e)75 1720 y(to)15 b(sp)q(eci\014cally)j
(bind)e(to)f(an)g(external)g(v)o(ersion)h(of)f(the)g(function)h(in)g
(question.)75 1851 y Fs(3.8)33 b(Option)23 b(Commands)75
1949 y Fu(The)13 b(command)h(language)f(includes)j(a)d(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)
g(of)g(other)g(commands)g(that)f(y)o(ou)h(can)h(use)f(for)g(sp)q
(ecial-)75 2003 y(ized)j(purp)q(oses.)21 b(They)15 b(are)g(similar)i
(in)f(purp)q(ose)f(to)g(command-line)i(options.)75 2097
y Ft(CONSTRUCTORS)315 2152 y Fu(When)d(linking)j(using)d(the)h
Ft(a.out)e Fu(ob)s(ject)h(\014le)h(format,)d(the)i(link)o(er)i(uses)e
(an)g(un)o(usual)h(set)315 2207 y(construct)j(to)h(supp)q(ort)f(C)p
Ft(++)h Fu(global)g(constructors)f(and)h(destructors.)30
b(When)19 b(linking)315 2262 y(ob)s(ject)c(\014le)h(formats)d(whic)o(h)
j(do)f(not)g(supp)q(ort)g(arbitrary)g(sections,)g(suc)o(h)h(as)e
Ft(ECOFF)h Fu(and)315 2317 y Ft(XCOFF)p Fu(,)f(the)i(link)o(er)g(will)h
(automatically)f(recognize)g(C)p Ft(++)f Fu(global)h(constructors)f
(and)g(de-)315 2371 y(structors)g(b)o(y)h(name.)22 b(F)l(or)15
b(these)h(ob)s(ject)g(\014le)h(formats,)d(the)i Ft(CONSTRUCTORS)e
Fu(command)315 2426 y(tells)20 b(the)f(link)o(er)i(where)e(this)h
(information)f(should)h(b)q(e)g(placed.)33 b(The)20 b
Ft(CONSTRUCTORS)315 2481 y Fu(command)15 b(is)h(ignored)g(for)e(other)h
(ob)s(ject)g(\014le)h(formats.)315 2549 y(The)d(sym)o(b)q(ol)h
Ft(__CTOR_LIST__)d Fu(marks)h(the)h(start)f(of)h(the)g(global)g
(constructors,)g(and)g(the)315 2604 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)k
Ft(__DTOR_LIST)f Fu(marks)g(the)h(end.)27 b(The)17 b(\014rst)g(w)o(ord)
f(in)i(the)f(list)h(is)f(the)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)315 2658
y(of)f(en)o(tries,)i(follo)o(w)o(ed)f(b)o(y)g(the)g(address)f(of)h(eac)
o(h)g(constructor)f(or)g(destructor,)h(follo)o(w)o(ed)315
2713 y(b)o(y)c(a)f(zero)h(w)o(ord.)19 b(The)14 b(compiler)h(m)o(ust)e
(arrange)g(to)g(actually)i(run)f(the)g(co)q(de.)20 b(F)l(or)13
b(these)315 2768 y(ob)s(ject)g(\014le)i(formats)d Fo(gnu)h
Fu(C)p Ft(++)g Fu(calls)i(constructors)d(from)h(a)g(subroutine)i
Ft(__main)p Fu(;)e(a)g(call)315 2823 y(to)k Ft(__main)f
Fu(is)i(automatically)f(inserted)h(in)o(to)g(the)f(startup)g(co)q(de)g
(for)g Ft(main)p Fu(.)25 b Fo(gnu)17 b Fu(C)p Ft(++)315
2878 y Fu(runs)e(destructors)g(either)h(b)o(y)f(using)h
Ft(atexit)p Fu(,)e(or)h(directly)h(from)f(the)g(function)h
Ft(exit)p Fu(.)p eop
%%Page: 41 43
41 42 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(41)315 391 y(F)l(or)18 b(ob)s(ject)h(\014le)h(formats)e(suc)o(h)h(as)
g Ft(COFF)f Fu(or)h Ft(ELF)g Fu(whic)o(h)h(supp)q(ort)f(m)o(ultiple)i
(sections,)315 446 y Fo(gnu)14 b Fu(C)p Ft(++)g Fu(will)i(normally)f
(arrange)e(to)h(put)g(the)g(addresses)h(of)f(global)g(constructors)g
(and)315 500 y(destructors)c(in)o(to)g(the)h Ft(.ctors)e
Fu(and)i Ft(.dtors)f Fu(sections.)19 b(Placing)11 b(the)g(follo)o(wing)
g(sequence)315 555 y(in)o(to)16 b(y)o(our)g(link)o(er)h(script)g(will)h
(build)g(the)e(sort)g(of)g(table)g(whic)o(h)h(the)g Fo(gnu)f
Fu(C)p Ft(++)g Fu(run)o(time)315 610 y(co)q(de)g(exp)q(ects)g(to)e
(see.)578 685 y Ft(__CTOR_LIST__)22 b(=)i(.;)578 737
y(LONG\(\(__CTOR_END__)e(-)h(__CTOR_LIST__\))f(/)i(4)g(-)f(2\))578
789 y(*\(.ctors\))578 841 y(LONG\(0\))578 893 y(__CTOR_END__)f(=)i(.;)
578 945 y(__DTOR_LIST__)e(=)i(.;)578 997 y(LONG\(\(__DTOR_END__)e(-)h
(__DTOR_LIST__\))f(/)i(4)g(-)f(2\))578 1049 y(*\(.dtors\))578
1101 y(LONG\(0\))578 1152 y(__DTOR_END__)f(=)i(.;)315
1231 y Fu(Normally)19 b(the)g(compiler)i(and)e(link)o(er)h(will)g
(handle)h(these)e(issues)h(automatically)l(,)g(and)315
1286 y(y)o(ou)e(will)i(not)e(need)h(to)e(concern)i(y)o(ourself)g(with)f
(them.)29 b(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)18 b(y)o(ou)g(ma)o(y)f(need)j(to)315
1340 y(consider)c(this)g(if)f(y)o(ou)g(are)g(using)h(C)p
Ft(++)f Fu(and)g(writing)h(y)o(our)f(o)o(wn)f(link)o(er)j(scripts.)75
1429 y Ft(FLOAT)75 1484 y(NOFLOAT)72 b Fu(These)18 b(k)o(eyw)o(ords)f
(w)o(ere)h(used)g(in)h(some)f(older)g(link)o(ers)h(to)e(request)h(a)g
(particular)g(math)315 1538 y(subroutine)j(library)l(.)36
b Ft(ld)20 b Fu(do)q(esn't)g(use)h(the)f(k)o(eyw)o(ords,)g(assuming)h
(instead)g(that)e(an)o(y)315 1593 y(necessary)h(subroutines)g(are)f(in)
h(libraries)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)h(using)e(the)f(general)h(mec)o(hanisms)
315 1648 y(for)d(linking)k(to)c(arc)o(hiv)o(es;)i(but)g(to)e(p)q(ermit)
i(the)f(use)g(of)g(scripts)g(that)g(w)o(ere)f(written)i(for)315
1703 y(the)c(older)h(link)o(ers,)g(the)f(k)o(eyw)o(ords)g
Ft(FLOAT)f Fu(and)h Ft(NOFLOAT)g Fu(are)g(accepted)g(and)h(ignored.)75
1805 y Ft(FORCE_COMMON_ALLOCATION)315 1859 y Fu(This)i(command)e(has)h
(the)g(same)g(e\013ect)f(as)h(the)g(`)p Ft(-d)p Fu(')f(command-line)j
(option:)k(to)16 b(mak)o(e)315 1914 y Ft(ld)d Fu(assign)h(space)g(to)f
(common)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)h(ev)o(en)g(if)g(a)g(relo)q(catable)g(output)g
(\014le)h(is)f(sp)q(eci\014ed)315 1969 y(\(`)p Ft(-r)p
Fu('\).)75 2071 y Ft(INCLUDE)g Fn(\014lename)315 2126
y Fu(Include)j(the)f(link)o(er)g(script)g Fn(\014lename)j
Fu(at)14 b(this)i(p)q(oin)o(t.)k(The)c(\014le)g(will)h(b)q(e)f(searc)o
(hed)g(for)e(in)315 2181 y(the)k(curren)o(t)f(directory)l(,)i(and)f(in)
g(an)o(y)f(directory)h(sp)q(eci\014ed)i(with)e(the)g
Ft(-L)f Fu(option.)28 b(Y)l(ou)315 2235 y(can)15 b(nest)h(calls)g(to)e
Ft(INCLUDE)h Fu(up)g(to)g(10)f(lev)o(els)j(deep.)75 2337
y Ft(INPUT)d(\()h Fn(\014le)p Ft(,)i Fn(\014le)p Ft(,)f
Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Ft(\))75 2392 y(INPUT)h(\()h Fn(\014le)k(\014le)g
Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Ft(\))315 2447 y Fu(Use)k(this)h(command)f(to)g
(include)i(binary)f(input)h(\014les)f(in)g(the)f(link,)i(without)e
(including)315 2502 y(them)22 b(in)g(a)g(particular)g(section)h
(de\014nition.)41 b(Sp)q(ecify)23 b(the)f(full)h(name)f(for)f(eac)o(h)h
Fn(\014le)p Fu(,)315 2556 y(including)c(`)p Ft(.a)p Fu(')c(if)i
(required.)315 2635 y Ft(ld)d Fu(searc)o(hes)g(for)f(eac)o(h)h
Fn(\014le)k Fu(through)12 b(the)h(arc)o(hiv)o(e-library)i(searc)o(h)d
(path,)h(just)g(as)g(for)f(\014les)315 2690 y(y)o(ou)20
b(sp)q(ecify)h(on)e(the)h(command)g(line.)36 b(See)20
b(the)g(description)h(of)f(`)p Ft(-L)p Fu(')f(in)h(Section)h(2.1)315
2744 y([Command)14 b(Line)j(Options],)e(page)g(3.)315
2823 y(If)d(y)o(ou)g(use)g(`)p Ft(-l)p Fn(\014le)s Fu(',)g
Ft(ld)f Fu(will)j(transform)c(the)i(name)g(to)f Ft(lib)p
Fn(\014le)p Ft(.a)h Fu(as)g(with)g(the)g(command)315
2878 y(line)17 b(argumen)o(t)d(`)p Ft(-l)p Fu('.)p eop
%%Page: 42 44
42 43 bop 75 149 a Fu(42)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Ft(GROUP)f(\()h Fn(\014le)p Ft(,)i Fn(\014le)p
Ft(,)f Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Ft(\))75 446 y(GROUP)h(\()h
Fn(\014le)k(\014le)g Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Ft(\))315 500
y Fu(This)h(command)f(is)h(lik)o(e)g Ft(INPUT)p Fu(,)f(except)h(that)e
(the)i(named)f(\014les)i(should)f(all)g(b)q(e)g(arc)o(hiv)o(es,)315
555 y(and)f(they)g(are)g(searc)o(hed)g(rep)q(eatedly)h(un)o(til)g(no)f
(new)g(unde\014ned)i(references)f(are)e(created.)315
610 y(See)k(the)f(description)i(of)e(`)p Ft(-\()p Fu(')f(in)i(Section)g
(2.1)e([Command)g(Line)j(Options],)e(page)g(3.)75 688
y Ft(OUTPUT)f(\()h Fn(\014lename)k Ft(\))315 743 y Fu(Use)27
b(this)g(command)g(to)f(name)h(the)g(link)h(output)f(\014le)h
Fn(\014lename)p Fu(.)56 b(The)27 b(e\013ect)f(of)315
798 y Ft(OUTPUT\()p Fn(\014lename)s Ft(\))c Fu(is)g(iden)o(tical)i(to)e
(the)g(e\013ect)g(of)g(`)p Ft(-o)14 b Fn(\014lename)s
Fu(')q(,)23 b(whic)o(h)g(o)o(v)o(errides)315 852 y(it.)d(Y)l(ou)c(can)f
(use)h(this)g(command)f(to)f(supply)j(a)e(default)h(output-\014le)g
(name)f(other)g(than)315 907 y Ft(a.out)p Fu(.)75 985
y Ft(OUTPUT_ARCH)f(\()h Fn(bfdname)j Ft(\))315 1040 y
Fu(Sp)q(ecify)g(a)f(particular)h(output)e(mac)o(hine)i(arc)o
(hitecture,)f(with)g(one)g(of)g(the)g(names)f(used)315
1095 y(b)o(y)e(the)g(BFD)g(bac)o(k-end)g(routines)h(\(see)f(Chapter)g
(5)f([BFD],)g(page)h(47\).)k(This)d(command)315 1149
y(is)h(often)f(unnecessary;)h(the)g(arc)o(hitecture)g(is)g(most)e
(often)h(set)h(implicitly)i(b)o(y)e(either)g(the)315
1204 y(system)f(BFD)g(con\014guration)g(or)g(as)f(a)h(side)h(e\013ect)f
(of)g(the)g Ft(OUTPUT_FORMAT)f Fu(command.)75 1282 y
Ft(OUTPUT_FORMAT)f(\()i Fn(bfdname)k Ft(\))315 1337 y
Fu(When)g Ft(ld)g Fu(is)g(con\014gured)g(to)f(supp)q(ort)h(m)o(ultiple)
i(ob)s(ject)d(co)q(de)h(formats,)f(y)o(ou)h(can)g(use)315
1392 y(this)h(command)g(to)f(sp)q(ecify)i(a)e(particular)i(output)e
(format.)33 b Fn(bfdname)22 b Fu(is)f(one)f(of)f(the)315
1447 y(names)h(used)h(b)o(y)f(the)g(BFD)g(bac)o(k-end)h(routines)g
(\(see)f(Chapter)g(5)g([BFD],)e(page)i(47\).)315 1501
y(The)g(e\013ect)f(is)h(iden)o(tical)h(to)e(the)h(e\013ect)f(of)g(the)g
(`)p Ft(--oformat)p Fu(')f(command-line)j(option.)315
1556 y(This)16 b(selection)g(a\013ects)e(only)i(the)f(output)g(\014le;)
g(the)g(related)h(command)f Ft(TARGET)f Fu(a\013ects)315
1611 y(primarily)i(input)h(\014les.)75 1689 y Ft(SEARCH_DIR)d(\()h
Fn(path)g Ft(\))315 1744 y Fu(Add)21 b Fn(path)f Fu(to)f(the)h(list)h
(of)f(paths)g(where)g Ft(ld)g Fu(lo)q(oks)g(for)g(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g
(libraries.)36 b Ft(SEARCH_)315 1799 y(DIR\()p Fn(path)p
Ft(\))14 b Fu(has)h(the)h(same)f(e\013ect)g(as)f(`)p
Ft(-L)p Fn(path)p Fu(')g(on)i(the)f(command)g(line.)75
1877 y Ft(STARTUP)f(\()h Fn(\014lename)k Ft(\))315 1931
y Fu(Ensure)d(that)e Fn(\014lename)19 b Fu(is)d(the)f(\014rst)g(input)h
(\014le)g(used)g(in)g(the)f(link)i(pro)q(cess.)75 2009
y Ft(TARGET)d(\()h Fn(format)g Ft(\))315 2064 y Fu(When)k
Ft(ld)g Fu(is)g(con\014gured)g(to)f(supp)q(ort)h(m)o(ultiple)i(ob)s
(ject)d(co)q(de)h(formats,)f(y)o(ou)h(can)g(use)315 2119
y(this)d(command)g(to)g(c)o(hange)g(the)g(input-\014le)i(ob)s(ject)e
(co)q(de)g(format)f(\(lik)o(e)i(the)f(command-)315 2174
y(line)21 b(option)e(`)p Ft(-b)p Fu(')g(or)f(its)i(synon)o(ym)f(`)p
Ft(--format)p Fu('\).)29 b(The)20 b(argumen)o(t)e Fn(format)h
Fu(is)h(one)f(of)315 2228 y(the)g(strings)f(used)i(b)o(y)e(BFD)g(to)g
(name)h(binary)g(formats.)29 b(If)19 b Ft(TARGET)f Fu(is)h(sp)q
(eci\014ed)i(but)315 2283 y Ft(OUTPUT_FORMAT)d Fu(is)i(not,)h(the)f
(last)f Ft(TARGET)g Fu(argumen)o(t)g(is)i(also)f(used)g(as)f(the)h
(default)315 2338 y(format)14 b(for)g(the)i Ft(ld)f Fu(output)g
(\014le.)20 b(See)c(Chapter)f(5)g([BFD],)f(page)h(47.)315
2404 y(If)k(y)o(ou)f(don't)g(use)h(the)f Ft(TARGET)g
Fu(command,)h Ft(ld)f Fu(uses)h(the)f(v)m(alue)i(of)e(the)h(en)o
(vironmen)o(t)315 2459 y(v)m(ariable)13 b Ft(GNUTARGET)p
Fu(,)e(if)h(a)o(v)m(ailable,)h(to)e(select)i(the)e(output)h(\014le)g
(format.)18 b(If)12 b(that)f(v)m(ariable)315 2514 y(is)19
b(also)f(absen)o(t,)h Ft(ld)f Fu(uses)g(the)h(default)g(format)e
(con\014gured)i(for)f(y)o(our)f(mac)o(hine)j(in)f(the)315
2569 y(BFD)c(libraries.)75 2647 y Ft(NOCROSSREFS)f(\()h
Fn(section)g(section)h Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Ft(\))315
2702 y Fu(This)19 b(command)e(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)g(used)h(to)e(tell)j
Ft(ld)d Fu(to)h(issue)h(an)e(error)h(ab)q(out)g(an)o(y)f(references)315
2756 y(among)d(certain)i(sections.)315 2823 y(In)23 b(certain)g(t)o(yp)
q(es)f(of)g(programs,)g(particularly)i(on)e(em)o(b)q(edded)i(systems,)f
(when)g(one)315 2878 y(section)12 b(is)g(loaded)g(in)o(to)f(memory)l(,)
h(another)f(section)h(will)h(not)e(b)q(e.)19 b(An)o(y)11
b(direct)h(references)p eop
%%Page: 43 45
43 44 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(3:)k(Command)c(Language)1113
b(43)315 391 y(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)15 b(the)g(t)o(w)o(o)f(sections)h(w)o
(ould)g(b)q(e)h(errors.)j(F)l(or)14 b(example,)i(it)f(w)o(ould)g(b)q(e)
g(an)g(error)f(if)315 446 y(co)q(de)i(in)g(one)f(section)h(called)h(a)e
(function)h(de\014ned)g(in)g(the)g(other)e(section.)315
513 y(The)20 b Ft(NOCROSSREFS)d Fu(command)j(tak)o(es)e(a)h(list)h(of)f
(section)h(names.)32 b(If)20 b Ft(ld)f Fu(detects)g(an)o(y)315
568 y(cross)13 b(references)g(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)h(the)f(sections,)g(it)h
(rep)q(orts)e(an)h(error)g(and)g(returns)g(a)g(non-zero)315
622 y(exit)i(status.)k(The)c Ft(NOCROSSREFS)f Fu(command)g(uses)h
(output)g(section)g(names,)g(de\014ned)h(in)315 677 y(the)f
Ft(SECTIONS)f Fu(command.)20 b(It)15 b(do)q(es)h(not)f(use)g(the)g
(names)h(of)e(input)j(sections.)p eop
%%Page: 44 46
44 45 bop 75 149 a Fu(44)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
p eop
%%Page: 45 47
45 46 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(4:)k(Mac)o(hine)d(Dep)q(enden)o(t)g
(F)l(eatures)944 b(45)75 391 y Fp(4)41 b(Mac)n(hine)25
b(Dep)r(enden)n(t)h(F)-7 b(eatures)75 506 y Ft(ld)18
b Fu(has)h(additional)h(features)e(on)g(some)g(platforms;)i(the)e
(follo)o(wing)h(sections)g(describ)q(e)i(them.)29 b(Ma-)75
561 y(c)o(hines)16 b(where)g Ft(ld)f Fu(has)g(no)g(additional)i
(functionalit)o(y)f(are)f(not)g(listed.)75 688 y Fs(4.1)33
b Fh(ld)21 b Fs(and)i(the)g(H8/300)75 784 y Fu(F)l(or)14
b(the)g(H8/300,)f Ft(ld)h Fu(can)g(p)q(erform)g(these)g(global)h
(optimizations)g(when)g(y)o(ou)f(sp)q(ecify)h(the)g(`)p
Ft(--relax)p Fu(')75 839 y(command-line)i(option.)75
930 y Fn(relaxing)f(address)f(mo)q(des)315 985 y Ft(ld)i
Fu(\014nds)g(all)i Ft(jsr)d Fu(and)h Ft(jmp)g Fu(instructions)h(whose)f
(targets)f(are)h(within)h(eigh)o(t)f(bits,)h(and)315
1039 y(turns)h(them)g(in)o(to)g(eigh)o(t-bit)h(program-coun)o(ter)e
(relativ)o(e)i Ft(bsr)e Fu(and)i Ft(bra)e Fu(instructions,)315
1094 y(resp)q(ectiv)o(ely)l(.)75 1173 y Fn(syn)o(thesizing)f
(instructions)315 1228 y Ft(ld)d Fu(\014nds)g(all)h Ft(mov.b)e
Fu(instructions)i(whic)o(h)f(use)h(the)f(sixteen-bit)h(absolute)f
(address)g(form,)315 1283 y(but)20 b(refer)f(to)g(the)h(top)f(page)g
(of)g(memory)l(,)h(and)g(c)o(hanges)f(them)h(to)f(use)g(the)h(eigh)o
(t-bit)315 1337 y(address)h(form.)37 b(\(That)20 b(is:)32
b(the)21 b(link)o(er)h(turns)f(`)p Ft(mov.b)14 b(@)p
Fn(aa)p Ft(:16)p Fu(')19 b(in)o(to)i(`)p Ft(mov.b)14
b(@)p Fn(aa)p Ft(:8)p Fu(')315 1392 y(whenev)o(er)i(the)f(address)g
Fn(aa)g Fu(is)g(in)h(the)g(top)f(page)g(of)f(memory\).)75
1520 y Fs(4.2)33 b Fh(ld)21 b Fs(and)i(the)g(In)n(tel)g(960)f(family)75
1616 y Fu(Y)l(ou)12 b(can)g(use)h(the)f(`)p Ft(-A)p Fn(arc)o(hitecture)
s Fu(')e(command)i(line)i(option)e(to)f(sp)q(ecify)i(one)g(of)e(the)h
(t)o(w)o(o-letter)f(names)75 1670 y(iden)o(tifying)18
b(mem)o(b)q(ers)f(of)f(the)h(960)f(family;)h(the)g(option)g(sp)q
(eci\014es)h(the)f(desired)h(output)e(target,)g(and)75
1725 y(w)o(arns)d(of)g(an)o(y)g(incompatible)i(instructions)f(in)g(the)
g(input)g(\014les.)20 b(It)14 b(also)f(mo)q(di\014es)i(the)e(link)o
(er's)h(searc)o(h)75 1780 y(strategy)21 b(for)h(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g
(libraries,)j(to)d(supp)q(ort)g(the)h(use)f(of)g(libraries)i(sp)q
(eci\014c)g(to)e(eac)o(h)g(particular)75 1835 y(arc)o(hitecture,)15
b(b)o(y)h(including)i(in)e(the)f(searc)o(h)g(lo)q(op)h(names)g
(su\016xed)f(with)h(the)f(string)h(iden)o(tifying)h(the)75
1890 y(arc)o(hitecture.)75 1956 y(F)l(or)e(example,)i(if)f(y)o(our)f
Ft(ld)h Fu(command)g(line)h(included)i(`)p Ft(-ACA)p
Fu(')14 b(as)i(w)o(ell)h(as)e(`)p Ft(-ltry)p Fu(')o(,)h(the)f(link)o
(er)j(w)o(ould)75 2011 y(lo)q(ok)d(\(in)g(its)g(built-in)i(searc)o(h)d
(paths,)h(and)f(in)i(an)o(y)e(paths)g(y)o(ou)h(sp)q(ecify)h(with)f(`)p
Ft(-L)p Fu('\))e(for)h(a)g(library)i(with)75 2066 y(the)f(names)195
2130 y Ft(try)195 2182 y(libtry.a)195 2234 y(tryca)195
2286 y(libtryca.a)75 2349 y Fu(The)g(\014rst)e(t)o(w)o(o)g(p)q
(ossibiliti)q(es)k(w)o(ould)e(b)q(e)f(considered)i(in)f(an)o(y)f(ev)o
(en)o(t;)g(the)h(last)f(t)o(w)o(o)f(are)h(due)h(to)e(the)i(use)75
2404 y(of)g(`)p Ft(-ACA)p Fu(')n(.)75 2471 y(Y)l(ou)d(can)g
(meaningfully)h(use)f(`)p Ft(-A)p Fu(')f(more)g(than)g(once)h(on)g(a)f
(command)h(line,)h(since)g(the)f(960)f(arc)o(hitecture)75
2525 y(family)18 b(allo)o(ws)f(com)o(bination)h(of)f(target)e(arc)o
(hitectures;)j(eac)o(h)g(use)f(will)i(add)e(another)g(pair)g(of)g(name)
75 2580 y(v)m(arian)o(ts)e(to)g(searc)o(h)g(for)f(when)i(`)p
Ft(-l)p Fu(')e(sp)q(eci\014es)j(a)e(library)l(.)75 2647
y Ft(ld)k Fu(supp)q(orts)h(the)f(`)p Ft(--relax)p Fu(')f(option)h(for)g
(the)h(i960)f(family)l(.)33 b(If)20 b(y)o(ou)f(sp)q(ecify)i(`)p
Ft(--relax)p Fu(',)d Ft(ld)h Fu(\014nds)75 2702 y(all)g
Ft(balx)e Fu(and)h Ft(calx)f Fu(instructions)h(whose)g(targets)e(are)h
(within)i(24)e(bits,)i(and)f(turns)f(them)h(in)o(to)f(24-)75
2757 y(bit)23 b(program-coun)o(ter)e(relativ)o(e)i Ft(bal)e
Fu(and)i Ft(cal)f Fu(instructions,)i(resp)q(ectiv)o(ely)l(.)43
b Ft(ld)22 b Fu(also)g(turns)g Ft(cal)75 2811 y Fu(instructions)d(in)o
(to)g Ft(bal)f Fu(instructions)h(when)g(it)f(determines)i(that)e(the)g
(target)f(subroutine)j(is)e(a)h(leaf)75 2866 y(routine)d(\(that)e(is,)h
(the)g(target)f(subroutine)j(do)q(es)e(not)g(itself)h(call)g(an)o(y)f
(subroutines\).)p eop
%%Page: 46 48
46 47 bop 75 149 a Fu(46)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
p eop
%%Page: 47 49
47 48 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(5:)k(BFD)1426 b(47)75
391 y Fp(5)41 b(BFD)75 513 y Fu(The)17 b(link)o(er)h(accesses)f(ob)s
(ject)g(and)g(arc)o(hiv)o(e)g(\014les)h(using)f(the)g(BFD)g(libraries.)
26 b(These)17 b(libraries)i(allo)o(w)75 568 y(the)12
b(link)o(er)i(to)e(use)g(the)h(same)f(routines)h(to)f(op)q(erate)g(on)g
(ob)s(ject)g(\014les)h(whatev)o(er)f(the)g(ob)s(ject)g(\014le)i
(format.)75 623 y(A)f(di\013eren)o(t)g(ob)s(ject)f(\014le)i(format)e
(can)h(b)q(e)g(supp)q(orted)h(simply)g(b)o(y)e(creating)i(a)e(new)h
(BFD)g(bac)o(k)f(end)i(and)75 677 y(adding)k(it)f(to)f(the)h(library)l
(.)25 b(T)l(o)17 b(conserv)o(e)f(run)o(time)i(memory)l(,)e(ho)o(w)o(ev)
o(er,)g(the)h(link)o(er)h(and)f(asso)q(ciated)75 732
y(to)q(ols)h(are)h(usually)h(con\014gured)f(to)f(supp)q(ort)g(only)h(a)
g(subset)f(of)g(the)h(ob)s(ject)f(\014le)i(formats)d(a)o(v)m(ailable.)
75 787 y(Y)l(ou)h(can)f(use)h Ft(objdump)c(-i)j Fu(\(see)g(section)h
(\\ob)s(jdump")f(in)h Fn(The)g(GNU)f(Binary)h(Utilities)r
Fu(\))h(to)e(list)h(all)75 842 y(the)d(formats)f(a)o(v)m(ailable)j(for)
e(y)o(our)f(con\014guration.)75 911 y(As)j(with)g(most)f(implemen)o
(tations,)j(BFD)d(is)h(a)g(compromise)g(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)g(sev)o(eral)h
(con\015icting)g(require-)75 966 y(men)o(ts.)k(The)16
b(ma)s(jor)f(factor)g(in\015uencing)k(BFD)c(design)i(w)o(as)e
(e\016ciency:)23 b(an)o(y)16 b(time)g(used)h(con)o(v)o(erting)75
1020 y(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)c(formats)e(is)i(time)f(whic)o(h)i(w)o(ould)e
(not)g(ha)o(v)o(e)g(b)q(een)i(sp)q(en)o(t)f(had)f(BFD)g(not)g(b)q(een)i
(in)o(v)o(olv)o(ed.)19 b(This)75 1075 y(is)g(partly)f(o\013set)g(b)o(y)
g(abstraction)g(pa)o(ybac)o(k;)h(since)g(BFD)f(simpli\014es)j
(applications)f(and)f(bac)o(k)f(ends,)75 1130 y(more)d(time)g(and)h
(care)f(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)i(sp)q(en)o(t)g(optimizing)g(algorithms)f(for)g
(a)g(greater)f(sp)q(eed.)75 1199 y(One)i(minor)f(artifact)f(of)h(the)g
(BFD)f(solution)i(whic)o(h)g(y)o(ou)e(should)i(b)q(ear)g(in)f(mind)h
(is)g(the)f(p)q(oten)o(tial)h(for)75 1254 y(information)f(loss.)k
(There)c(are)f(t)o(w)o(o)f(places)i(where)g(useful)g(information)g(can)
f(b)q(e)i(lost)e(using)h(the)f(BFD)75 1309 y(mec)o(hanism:)19
b(during)13 b(con)o(v)o(ersion)f(and)g(during)h(output.)18
b(See)13 b(Section)g(5.1.1)d([BFD)h(information)i(loss],)75
1363 y(page)i(47.)75 1496 y Fs(5.1)33 b(Ho)n(w)21 b(it)i(w)n(orks:)33
b(an)23 b(outline)h(of)d(BFD)75 1594 y Fu(When)14 b(an)g(ob)s(ject)g
(\014le)h(is)f(op)q(ened,)h(BFD)f(subroutines)h(automatically)f
(determine)h(the)g(format)d(of)i(the)75 1649 y(input)19
b(ob)s(ject)e(\014le.)29 b(They)18 b(then)g(build)i(a)e(descriptor)g
(in)g(memory)g(with)g(p)q(oin)o(ters)g(to)f(routines)i(that)75
1704 y(will)e(b)q(e)f(used)g(to)e(access)h(elemen)o(ts)h(of)f(the)g(ob)
s(ject)g(\014le's)h(data)e(structures.)75 1773 y(As)21
b(di\013eren)o(t)g(information)g(from)f(the)h(the)g(ob)s(ject)f
(\014les)i(is)f(required,)i(BFD)e(reads)g(from)f(di\013eren)o(t)75
1828 y(sections)h(of)e(the)i(\014le)g(and)f(pro)q(cesses)h(them.)34
b(F)l(or)20 b(example,)i(a)d(v)o(ery)h(common)g(op)q(eration)g(for)g
(the)75 1883 y(link)o(er)f(is)f(pro)q(cessing)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(tables.)
28 b(Eac)o(h)17 b(BFD)g(bac)o(k)h(end)g(pro)o(vides)g(a)g(routine)g
(for)f(con)o(v)o(erting)75 1937 y(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)d(the)f(ob)s(ject)g
(\014le's)h(represen)o(tation)g(of)f(sym)o(b)q(ols)h(and)f(an)h(in)o
(ternal)g(canonical)h(format.)j(When)75 1992 y(the)i(link)o(er)g(asks)f
(for)g(the)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(table)g(of)f(an)g(ob)s(ject)g(\014le,)i(it)
f(calls)g(through)g(a)f(memory)f(p)q(oin)o(ter)75 2047
y(to)e(the)h(routine)g(from)f(the)h(relev)m(an)o(t)h(BFD)e(bac)o(k)h
(end)g(whic)o(h)h(reads)e(and)h(con)o(v)o(erts)f(the)h(table)h(in)o(to)
e(a)75 2102 y(canonical)d(form.)18 b(The)12 b(link)o(er)h(then)f(op)q
(erates)f(up)q(on)h(the)g(canonical)h(form.)18 b(When)12
b(the)g(link)h(is)f(\014nished)75 2157 y(and)i(the)f(link)o(er)i
(writes)e(the)h(output)f(\014le's)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(table,)h(another)f
(BFD)g(bac)o(k)h(end)g(routine)f(is)h(called)75 2211
y(to)h(tak)o(e)f(the)h(newly)h(created)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(table)h(and)f
(con)o(v)o(ert)g(it)g(in)o(to)g(the)h(c)o(hosen)f(output)g(format.)75
2327 y Fk(5.1.1)30 b(Information)19 b(Loss)75 2425 y
Fn(Information)i(can)f(b)q(e)i(lost)e(during)i(output.)36
b Fu(The)21 b(output)f(formats)g(supp)q(orted)h(b)o(y)g(BFD)f(do)g(not)
75 2480 y(pro)o(vide)13 b(iden)o(tical)h(facilities,)h(and)e
(information)f(whic)o(h)i(can)e(b)q(e)i(describ)q(ed)g(in)f(one)g(form)
f(has)g(no)o(where)75 2535 y(to)j(go)h(in)g(another)g(format.)21
b(One)16 b(example)h(of)f(this)g(is)g(alignmen)o(t)h(information)f(in)h
Ft(b.out)p Fu(.)k(There)16 b(is)75 2589 y(no)o(where)h(in)g(an)g
Ft(a.out)f Fu(format)f(\014le)j(to)e(store)g(alignmen)o(t)i
(information)e(on)h(the)g(con)o(tained)g(data,)f(so)75
2644 y(when)i(a)f(\014le)i(is)f(link)o(ed)h(from)e Ft(b.out)f
Fu(and)i(an)f Ft(a.out)g Fu(image)h(is)g(pro)q(duced,)h(alignmen)o(t)f
(information)75 2699 y(will)h(not)e(propagate)g(to)g(the)g(output)g
(\014le.)28 b(\(The)18 b(link)o(er)g(will)h(still)g(use)f(the)g
(alignmen)o(t)g(information)75 2754 y(in)o(ternally)l(,)f(so)d(the)i
(link)g(is)g(p)q(erformed)f(correctly\).)75 2823 y(Another)f(example)h
(is)f(COFF)f(section)i(names.)k(COFF)14 b(\014les)h(ma)o(y)e(con)o
(tain)h(an)g(unlimited)i(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)e(of)75 2878
y(sections,)j(eac)o(h)f(one)g(with)h(a)f(textual)g(section)h(name.)23
b(If)17 b(the)f(target)f(of)h(the)h(link)g(is)g(a)f(format)f(whic)o(h)p
eop
%%Page: 48 50
48 49 bop 75 149 a Fu(48)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y(do)q(es)i(not)g(ha)o(v)o(e)g(man)o(y)g(sections)g(\(e.g.,)f
Ft(a.out)p Fu(\))g(or)h(has)g(sections)h(without)f(names)g(\(e.g.,)f
(the)h(Oasys)75 446 y(format\),)f(the)i(link)h(cannot)e(b)q(e)i(done)f
(simply)l(.)29 b(Y)l(ou)17 b(can)h(circum)o(v)o(en)o(t)g(this)g
(problem)h(b)o(y)e(describing)75 500 y(the)e(desired)i(input-to-output)
e(section)h(mapping)g(with)g(the)f(link)o(er)h(command)f(language.)75
573 y Fn(Information)i(can)h(b)q(e)f(lost)h(during)g(canonicalization.)
28 b Fu(The)17 b(BFD)g(in)o(ternal)h(canonical)h(form)d(of)h(the)75
627 y(external)f(formats)e(is)i(not)f(exhaustiv)o(e;)h(there)f(are)h
(structures)f(in)h(input)h(formats)d(for)h(whic)o(h)h(there)f(is)75
682 y(no)i(direct)h(represen)o(tation)f(in)o(ternally)l(.)27
b(This)18 b(means)f(that)f(the)h(BFD)g(bac)o(k)g(ends)h(cannot)e(main)o
(tain)75 737 y(all)e(p)q(ossible)h(data)e(ric)o(hness)h(through)f(the)g
(transformation)f(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)i(external)g(to)e(in)o(ternal)j(and)
e(bac)o(k)75 792 y(to)i(external)g(formats.)75 864 y(This)f(limitation)
g(is)g(only)g(a)f(problem)h(when)g(an)f(application)i(reads)e(one)g
(format)f(and)h(writes)h(another.)75 919 y(Eac)o(h)d(BFD)g(bac)o(k)g
(end)h(is)g(resp)q(onsible)i(for)c(main)o(taining)j(as)e(m)o(uc)o(h)g
(data)g(as)g(p)q(ossible,)i(and)f(the)f(in)o(ternal)75
973 y(BFD)k(canonical)j(form)d(has)g(structures)h(whic)o(h)h(are)e
(opaque)h(to)f(the)h(BFD)g(core,)f(and)h(exp)q(orted)g(only)75
1028 y(to)i(the)g(bac)o(k)g(ends.)30 b(When)18 b(a)g(\014le)i(is)e
(read)g(in)i(one)e(format,)f(the)i(canonical)g(form)f(is)g(generated)h
(for)75 1083 y(BFD)h(and)g(the)g(application.)36 b(A)o(t)20
b(the)g(same)f(time,)j(the)e(bac)o(k)g(end)g(sa)o(v)o(es)g(a)o(w)o(a)o
(y)e(an)o(y)i(information)75 1138 y(whic)o(h)15 b(ma)o(y)f(otherwise)g
(b)q(e)i(lost.)j(If)c(the)f(data)g(is)h(then)f(written)h(bac)o(k)f(in)h
(the)g(same)f(format,)f(the)h(bac)o(k)75 1193 y(end)h(routine)h(will)g
(b)q(e)f(able)h(to)e(use)h(the)g(canonical)h(form)e(pro)o(vided)h(b)o
(y)g(the)g(BFD)f(core)h(as)f(w)o(ell)i(as)e(the)75 1247
y(information)k(it)g(prepared)h(earlier.)29 b(Since)20
b(there)e(is)g(a)g(great)f(deal)i(of)f(commonalit)o(y)g(b)q(et)o(w)o
(een)g(bac)o(k)75 1302 y(ends,)c(there)g(is)g(no)f(information)h(lost)f
(when)h(linking)h(or)e(cop)o(ying)h(big)g(endian)h(COFF)e(to)g(little)i
(endian)75 1357 y(COFF,)i(or)g Ft(a.out)g Fu(to)g Ft(b.out)p
Fu(.)26 b(When)18 b(a)f(mixture)h(of)f(formats)f(is)i(link)o(ed,)i(the)
e(information)f(is)h(only)75 1412 y(lost)d(from)g(the)g(\014les)h
(whose)f(format)f(di\013ers)h(from)g(the)g(destination.)75
1534 y Fk(5.1.2)30 b(The)20 b(BFD)g(canonical)g(ob)s(ject-\014le)h
(format)75 1635 y Fu(The)13 b(greatest)e(p)q(oten)o(tial)j(for)e(loss)h
(of)f(information)h(o)q(ccurs)g(when)g(there)g(is)g(the)f(least)h(o)o
(v)o(erlap)g(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)75 1690 y(the)18 b(information)g(pro)o
(vided)h(b)o(y)f(the)g(source)g(format,)f(that)g(stored)h(b)o(y)g(the)g
(canonical)h(format,)e(and)75 1745 y(that)e(needed)h(b)o(y)g(the)f
(destination)h(format.)j(A)d(brief)g(description)g(of)f(the)h
(canonical)g(form)f(ma)o(y)g(help)75 1799 y(y)o(ou)g(understand)h(whic)
o(h)g(kinds)g(of)f(data)f(y)o(ou)h(can)g(coun)o(t)g(on)g(preserving)h
(across)f(con)o(v)o(ersions.)75 1886 y Fn(\014les)165
b Fu(Information)13 b(stored)f(on)h(a)f(p)q(er-\014le)j(basis)e
(includes)i(target)c(mac)o(hine)j(arc)o(hitecture,)f(par-)315
1941 y(ticular)18 b(implemen)o(tation)h(format)d(t)o(yp)q(e,)i(a)f
(demand)h(pageable)g(bit,)g(and)f(a)h(write)f(pro-)315
1996 y(tected)g(bit.)25 b(Information)17 b(lik)o(e)h(Unix)g(magic)e(n)o
(um)o(b)q(ers)i(is)f(not)f(stored)h(here|only)h(the)315
2051 y(magic)e(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers')g(meaning,)h(so)f(a)g
Ft(ZMAGIC)f Fu(\014le)i(w)o(ould)g(ha)o(v)o(e)f(b)q(oth)g(the)g(demand)
h(page-)315 2106 y(able)i(bit)f(and)g(the)g(write)g(protected)g(text)g
(bit)g(set.)28 b(The)18 b(b)o(yte)g(order)f(of)h(the)g(target)e(is)315
2160 y(stored)d(on)h(a)f(p)q(er-\014le)i(basis,)f(so)g(that)f(big-)h
(and)g(little-endian)i(ob)s(ject)d(\014les)i(ma)o(y)e(b)q(e)h(used)315
2215 y(with)i(one)f(another.)75 2300 y Fn(sections)86
b Fu(Eac)o(h)19 b(section)h(in)g(the)f(input)h(\014le)g(con)o(tains)f
(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g(section,)i(the)e(section's)315
2355 y(original)14 b(address)f(in)h(the)f(ob)s(ject)g(\014le,)h(size)g
(and)f(alignmen)o(t)h(information,)f(v)m(arious)h(\015ags,)315
2409 y(and)h(p)q(oin)o(ters)h(in)o(to)f(other)g(BFD)g(data)f
(structures.)75 2494 y Fn(sym)o(b)q(ols)82 b Fu(Eac)o(h)20
b(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(con)o(tains)g(a)f(p)q(oin)o(ter)h(to)f(the)h
(information)g(for)f(the)g(ob)s(ject)g(\014le)i(whic)o(h)315
2549 y(originally)e(de\014ned)g(it,)f(its)g(name,)f(its)h(v)m(alue,)h
(and)f(v)m(arious)g(\015ag)f(bits.)30 b(When)18 b(a)g(BFD)315
2604 y(bac)o(k)13 b(end)g(reads)g(in)h(a)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(table,)g(it)g
(relo)q(cates)h(all)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)f(to)f(mak)o(e)h(them)f(relativ)o
(e)315 2658 y(to)19 b(the)h(base)f(of)g(the)h(section)g(where)g(they)f
(w)o(ere)h(de\014ned.)34 b(Doing)20 b(this)g(ensures)g(that)315
2713 y(eac)o(h)d(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(p)q(oin)o(ts)g(to)f(its)g(con)o
(taining)i(section.)27 b(Eac)o(h)17 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(also)f(has)g(a)g
(v)m(arying)315 2768 y(amoun)o(t)d(of)g(hidden)j(priv)m(ate)e(data)f
(for)g(the)h(BFD)f(bac)o(k)h(end.)20 b(Since)d(the)d(sym)o(b)q(ol)i(p)q
(oin)o(ts)315 2823 y(to)c(the)h(original)h(\014le,)g(the)f(priv)m(ate)h
(data)e(format)g(for)g(that)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)i(is)f(accessible.)21
b Ft(ld)13 b Fu(can)315 2878 y(op)q(erate)g(on)g(a)f(collection)j(of)e
(sym)o(b)q(ols)g(of)f(wildly)j(di\013eren)o(t)e(formats)f(without)h
(problems.)p eop
%%Page: 49 51
49 50 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(5:)k(BFD)1426 b(49)315
391 y(Normal)12 b(global)h(and)f(simple)h(lo)q(cal)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)g
(are)f(main)o(tained)g(on)g(output,)h(so)e(an)h(output)315
446 y(\014le)23 b(\(no)e(matter)g(its)g(format\))f(will)k(retain)e(sym)
o(b)q(ols)g(p)q(oin)o(ting)g(to)f(functions)i(and)f(to)315
500 y(global,)d(static,)f(and)h(common)e(v)m(ariables.)30
b(Some)18 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(information)f(is)g(not)g(w)o(orth)315
555 y(retaining;)26 b(in)c Ft(a.out)p Fu(,)h(t)o(yp)q(e)f(information)g
(is)g(stored)f(in)i(the)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(table)g(as)g(long)315
610 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)d(names.)28 b(This)19 b(information)g(w)o(ould)f(b)q
(e)h(useless)g(to)f(most)f(COFF)h(debuggers;)315 665
y(the)d(link)o(er)i(has)e(command)g(line)i(switc)o(hes)e(to)g(allo)o(w)
g(users)g(to)g(thro)o(w)f(it)i(a)o(w)o(a)o(y)l(.)315
732 y(There)22 b(is)h(one)f(w)o(ord)f(of)h(t)o(yp)q(e)g(information)g
(within)h(the)f(sym)o(b)q(ol,)i(so)e(if)g(the)g(format)315
787 y(supp)q(orts)15 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(t)o(yp)q(e)f(information)g
(within)i(sym)o(b)q(ols)e(\(for)f(example,)i(COFF,)e(IEEE,)315
842 y(Oasys\))f(and)h(the)g(t)o(yp)q(e)g(is)g(simple)i(enough)e(to)f
(\014t)h(within)h(one)e(w)o(ord)h(\(nearly)g(ev)o(erything)315
896 y(but)h(aggregates\),)e(the)j(information)f(will)i(b)q(e)f(preserv)
o(ed.)75 976 y Fn(relo)q(cation)g(lev)o(el)315 1031 y
Fu(Eac)o(h)g(canonical)i(BFD)e(relo)q(cation)h(record)f(con)o(tains)h
(a)f(p)q(oin)o(ter)h(to)f(the)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(to)f(re-)315
1086 y(lo)q(cate)21 b(to,)h(the)f(o\013set)f(of)h(the)g(data)f(to)h
(relo)q(cate,)h(the)f(section)h(the)f(data)f(is)i(in,)h(and)315
1140 y(a)17 b(p)q(oin)o(ter)h(to)f(a)h(relo)q(cation)g(t)o(yp)q(e)g
(descriptor.)27 b(Relo)q(cation)19 b(is)f(p)q(erformed)g(b)o(y)g
(passing)315 1195 y(messages)11 b(through)g(the)g(relo)q(cation)h(t)o
(yp)q(e)f(descriptor)h(and)g(the)f(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(p)q(oin)o(ter.)19
b(There-)315 1250 y(fore,)f(relo)q(cations)h(can)f(b)q(e)h(p)q
(erformed)f(on)g(output)g(data)f(using)i(a)f(relo)q(cation)h(metho)q(d)
315 1305 y(that)14 b(is)g(only)h(a)o(v)m(ailable)h(in)f(one)g(of)f(the)
g(input)h(formats.)k(F)l(or)13 b(instance,)i(Oasys)f(pro)o(vides)315
1360 y(a)k(b)o(yte)h(relo)q(cation)g(format.)28 b(A)19
b(relo)q(cation)g(record)g(requesting)g(this)g(relo)q(cation)g(t)o(yp)q
(e)315 1414 y(w)o(ould)f(p)q(oin)o(t)h(indirectly)h(to)d(a)h(routine)g
(to)f(p)q(erform)h(this,)h(so)e(the)h(relo)q(cation)h(ma)o(y)e(b)q(e)
315 1469 y(p)q(erformed)d(on)g(a)g(b)o(yte)f(b)q(eing)j(written)e(to)f
(a)g(68k)h(COFF)f(\014le,)i(ev)o(en)f(though)g(68k)f(COFF)315
1524 y(has)i(no)g(suc)o(h)h(relo)q(cation)g(t)o(yp)q(e.)75
1604 y Fn(line)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers)315 1659 y Fu(Ob)s(ject)j(formats)f
(can)i(con)o(tain,)g(for)f(debugging)i(purp)q(oses,)g(some)e(form)f(of)
h(mapping)315 1713 y(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)c(sym)o(b)q(ols,)f(source)g(line)
i(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers,)e(and)h(addresses)f(in)h(the)f(output)h(\014le.)21
b(These)315 1768 y(addresses)12 b(ha)o(v)o(e)g(to)f(b)q(e)h(relo)q
(cated)h(along)f(with)g(the)g(sym)o(b)q(ol)g(information.)19
b(Eac)o(h)12 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)315 1823 y(with)f(an)g(asso)q(ciated)g
(list)g(of)g(line)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)f(records)g(p)q(oin)o(ts)g(to)f
(the)h(\014rst)g(record)f(of)h(the)g(list.)315 1878 y(The)j(head)g(of)f
(a)g(line)i(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)f(list)g(consists)g(of)f(a)g(p)q(oin)o(ter)
h(to)f(the)h(sym)o(b)q(ol,)f(whic)o(h)i(allo)o(ws)315
1933 y(\014nding)k(out)e(the)g(address)h(of)f(the)g(function)i(whose)e
(line)i(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)f(is)g(b)q(eing)g(describ)q(ed.)315
1987 y(The)12 b(rest)f(of)g(the)g(list)i(is)f(made)f(up)h(of)f(pairs:)
19 b(o\013sets)10 b(in)o(to)i(the)f(section)h(and)g(line)h(n)o(um)o(b)q
(ers.)315 2042 y(An)o(y)18 b(format)f(whic)o(h)i(can)f(simply)h(deriv)o
(e)g(this)f(information)h(can)f(pass)g(it)g(successfully)315
2097 y(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)e(formats)d(\(COFF,)h(IEEE)i(and)f(Oasys\).)p
eop
%%Page: 50 52
50 51 bop 75 149 a Fu(50)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
p eop
%%Page: 51 53
51 52 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(6:)k(Rep)q(orting)e(Bugs)1210
b(51)75 391 y Fp(6)41 b(Rep)r(orting)27 b(Bugs)75 498
y Fu(Y)l(our)15 b(bug)h(rep)q(orts)e(pla)o(y)i(an)f(essen)o(tial)h
(role)g(in)g(making)f Ft(ld)g Fu(reliable.)75 563 y(Rep)q(orting)h(a)f
(bug)h(ma)o(y)e(help)j(y)o(ou)e(b)o(y)g(bringing)i(a)e(solution)h(to)f
(y)o(our)f(problem,)i(or)f(it)g(ma)o(y)g(not.)20 b(But)75
618 y(in)13 b(an)o(y)f(case)h(the)f(principal)j(function)e(of)f(a)g
(bug)h(rep)q(ort)f(is)h(to)f(help)i(the)e(en)o(tire)h(comm)o(unit)o(y)f
(b)o(y)h(making)75 673 y(the)j(next)g(v)o(ersion)h(of)e
Ft(ld)h Fu(w)o(ork)f(b)q(etter.)23 b(Bug)16 b(rep)q(orts)g(are)f(y)o
(our)h(con)o(tribution)h(to)e(the)h(main)o(tenance)75
728 y(of)f Ft(ld)p Fu(.)75 793 y(In)e(order)f(for)f(a)h(bug)g(rep)q
(ort)g(to)g(serv)o(e)g(its)g(purp)q(ose,)h(y)o(ou)f(m)o(ust)f(include)k
(the)d(information)g(that)g(enables)75 848 y(us)j(to)g(\014x)g(the)h
(bug.)75 971 y Fs(6.1)33 b(Ha)n(v)n(e)22 b(y)n(ou)h(found)f(a)g(bug?)75
1065 y Fu(If)15 b(y)o(ou)g(are)g(not)g(sure)g(whether)h(y)o(ou)f(ha)o
(v)o(e)f(found)i(a)f(bug,)g(here)g(are)g(some)g(guidelines:)112
1141 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(If)20 b(the)g(link)o(er)h(gets)f(a)f(fatal)h
(signal,)h(for)f(an)o(y)f(input)i(whatev)o(er,)f(that)f(is)i(a)e
Ft(ld)h Fu(bug.)34 b(Reliable)165 1196 y(link)o(ers)16
b(nev)o(er)g(crash.)112 1261 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(If)15
b Ft(ld)g Fu(pro)q(duces)h(an)g(error)e(message)h(for)f(v)m(alid)j
(input,)f(that)e(is)i(a)f(bug.)112 1326 y Fq(\017)30
b Fu(If)17 b Ft(ld)f Fu(do)q(es)g(not)g(pro)q(duce)i(an)e(error)g
(message)g(for)g(in)o(v)m(alid)i(input,)g(that)d(ma)o(y)h(b)q(e)h(a)f
(bug.)24 b(In)17 b(the)165 1381 y(general)f(case,)f(the)g(link)o(er)h
(can)g(not)e(v)o(erify)i(that)e(ob)s(ject)h(\014les)h(are)f(correct.)
112 1447 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(If)17 b(y)o(ou)g(are)g(an)g(exp)q(erienced)j
(user)d(of)g(link)o(ers,)h(y)o(our)e(suggestions)h(for)g(impro)o(v)o
(emen)o(t)g(of)f Ft(ld)h Fu(are)165 1501 y(w)o(elcome)f(in)g(an)o(y)e
(case.)75 1624 y Fs(6.2)33 b(Ho)n(w)21 b(to)h(rep)r(ort)h(bugs)75
1719 y Fu(A)14 b(n)o(um)o(b)q(er)g(of)f(companies)i(and)f(individuals)j
(o\013er)c(supp)q(ort)h(for)f Fo(gnu)h Fu(pro)q(ducts.)19
b(If)14 b(y)o(ou)g(obtained)g Ft(ld)75 1773 y Fu(from)g(a)h(supp)q(ort)
h(organization,)e(w)o(e)h(recommend)h(y)o(ou)f(con)o(tact)f(that)h
(organization)g(\014rst.)75 1839 y(Y)l(ou)j(can)g(\014nd)h(con)o(tact)e
(information)h(for)f(man)o(y)h(supp)q(ort)g(companies)g(and)g
(individuals)j(in)e(the)f(\014le)75 1893 y(`)p Ft(etc/SERVICE)p
Fu(')13 b(in)j(the)f Fo(gnu)g Fu(Emacs)g(distribution.)75
1959 y(In)c(an)o(y)f(ev)o(en)o(t,)g(w)o(e)g(also)g(recommend)h(that)e
(y)o(ou)h(send)h(bug)f(rep)q(orts)g(for)f Ft(ld)h Fu(to)g(`)p
Ft(bug-gnu-utils@gnu.or)o(g)p Fu('.)75 2024 y(The)k(fundamen)o(tal)g
(principle)j(of)c(rep)q(orting)h(bugs)g(usefully)i(is)e(this:)20
b Fg(rep)q(ort)14 b(all)i(the)e(facts)p Fu(.)19 b(If)14
b(y)o(ou)f(are)75 2079 y(not)i(sure)g(whether)h(to)e(state)g(a)h(fact)g
(or)g(lea)o(v)o(e)g(it)g(out,)g(state)f(it!)75 2144 y(Often)f(p)q
(eople)h(omit)f(facts)f(b)q(ecause)i(they)f(think)g(they)g(kno)o(w)g
(what)f(causes)h(the)g(problem)g(and)g(assume)75 2199
y(that)i(some)h(details)i(do)e(not)f(matter.)22 b(Th)o(us,)16
b(y)o(ou)g(migh)o(t)g(assume)g(that)g(the)g(name)g(of)g(a)g(sym)o(b)q
(ol)g(y)o(ou)75 2254 y(use)j(in)g(an)f(example)h(do)q(es)g(not)f
(matter.)28 b(W)l(ell,)20 b(probably)f(it)f(do)q(es)h(not,)f(but)h(one)
f(cannot)g(b)q(e)h(sure.)75 2309 y(P)o(erhaps)h(the)h(bug)g(is)g(a)g
(stra)o(y)e(memory)h(reference)i(whic)o(h)f(happ)q(ens)h(to)e(fetc)o(h)
g(from)g(the)h(lo)q(cation)75 2363 y(where)16 b(that)f(name)h(is)g
(stored)f(in)i(memory;)e(p)q(erhaps,)h(if)h(the)e(name)h(w)o(ere)g
(di\013eren)o(t,)f(the)h(con)o(ten)o(ts)f(of)75 2418
y(that)g(lo)q(cation)i(w)o(ould)g(fo)q(ol)f(the)g(link)o(er)i(in)o(to)e
(doing)h(the)f(righ)o(t)g(thing)g(despite)i(the)e(bug.)23
b(Pla)o(y)16 b(it)g(safe)75 2473 y(and)e(giv)o(e)f(a)g(sp)q(eci\014c,)j
(complete)e(example.)20 b(That)13 b(is)h(the)f(easiest)h(thing)g(for)f
(y)o(ou)g(to)f(do,)i(and)f(the)h(most)75 2528 y(helpful.)75
2593 y(Keep)i(in)g(mind)g(that)e(the)h(purp)q(ose)h(of)f(a)f(bug)i(rep)
q(ort)e(is)i(to)e(enable)j(us)e(to)f(\014x)i(the)f(bug)g(if)g(it)h(is)f
(new)h(to)75 2648 y(us.)k(Therefore,)14 b(alw)o(a)o(ys)g(write)h(y)o
(our)g(bug)g(rep)q(orts)f(on)h(the)g(assumption)g(that)f(the)h(bug)g
(has)f(not)h(b)q(een)75 2703 y(rep)q(orted)g(previously)l(.)75
2768 y(Sometimes)20 b(p)q(eople)g(giv)o(e)g(a)f(few)g(sk)o(etc)o(h)o(y)
f(facts)h(and)g(ask,)h(\\Do)q(es)e(this)i(ring)f(a)g(b)q(ell?")35
b(Those)19 b(bug)75 2823 y(rep)q(orts)c(are)g(useless,)h(and)f(w)o(e)h
(urge)f(ev)o(ery)o(one)g(to)g Fn(refuse)g(to)g(resp)q(ond)h(to)f(them)g
Fu(except)h(to)e(c)o(hide)j(the)75 2878 y(sender)f(to)e(rep)q(ort)h
(bugs)h(prop)q(erly)l(.)p eop
%%Page: 52 54
52 53 bop 75 149 a Fu(52)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y(T)l(o)g(enable)h(us)g(to)e(\014x)i(the)f(bug,)g(y)o(ou)g
(should)h(include)i(all)e(these)f(things:)112 456 y Fq(\017)30
b Fu(The)15 b(v)o(ersion)h(of)f Ft(ld)p Fu(.)k Ft(ld)c
Fu(announces)h(it)f(if)h(y)o(ou)f(start)f(it)h(with)h(the)f(`)p
Ft(--version)p Fu(')e(argumen)o(t.)165 521 y(Without)g(this,)h(w)o(e)f
(will)i(not)e(kno)o(w)g(whether)g(there)g(is)h(an)o(y)f(p)q(oin)o(t)h
(in)g(lo)q(oking)g(for)f(the)g(bug)h(in)g(the)165 576
y(curren)o(t)h(v)o(ersion)h(of)e Ft(ld)p Fu(.)112 641
y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(An)o(y)18 b(patc)o(hes)h(y)o(ou)f(ma)o(y)f(ha)o(v)o
(e)h(applied)j(to)c(the)i Ft(ld)f Fu(source,)h(including)i(an)o(y)d
(patc)o(hes)g(made)h(to)165 696 y(the)c Ft(BFD)g Fu(library)l(.)112
761 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(The)11 b(t)o(yp)q(e)g(of)g(mac)o(hine)h(y)o(ou)f
(are)g(using,)h(and)f(the)g(op)q(erating)h(system)e(name)h(and)h(v)o
(ersion)f(n)o(um)o(b)q(er.)112 826 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(What)15
b(compiler)h(\(and)f(its)g(v)o(ersion\))h(w)o(as)e(used)i(to)e(compile)
j Ft(ld)p Fu(|e.g.)i(\\)p Ft(gcc-2.7)p Fu(".)112 891
y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(The)20 b(command)f(argumen)o(ts)g(y)o(ou)g(ga)o(v)o
(e)f(the)i(link)o(er)g(to)f(link)i(y)o(our)e(example)h(and)g(observ)o
(e)f(the)165 946 y(bug.)h(T)l(o)13 b(guaran)o(tee)g(y)o(ou)h(will)h
(not)f(omit)g(something)g(imp)q(ortan)o(t,)f(list)i(them)e(all.)21
b(A)14 b(cop)o(y)f(of)h(the)165 1001 y(Mak)o(e\014le)i(\(or)e(the)h
(output)g(from)g(mak)o(e\))f(is)i(su\016cien)o(t.)165
1066 y(If)f(w)o(e)f(w)o(ere)g(to)f(try)h(to)g(guess)g(the)g(argumen)o
(ts,)g(w)o(e)g(w)o(ould)g(probably)h(guess)g(wrong)e(and)i(then)f(w)o
(e)165 1120 y(migh)o(t)h(not)g(encoun)o(ter)g(the)h(bug.)112
1186 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(A)16 b(complete)g(input)g(\014le,)g(or)f(set)h
(of)f(input)h(\014les,)g(that)f(will)i(repro)q(duce)g(the)e(bug.)21
b(It)16 b(is)g(generally)165 1240 y(most)11 b(helpful)k(to)c(send)i
(the)g(actual)f(ob)s(ject)g(\014les,)h(uuenco)q(ded)h(if)f(necessary)g
(to)e(get)h(them)g(through)165 1295 y(the)k(mail)g(system.)21
b(Making)15 b(them)h(a)o(v)m(ailable)h(for)e(anon)o(ymous)g(FTP)g(is)h
(not)f(as)h(go)q(o)q(d,)f(but)h(ma)o(y)165 1350 y(b)q(e)g(the)f(only)h
(reasonable)g(c)o(hoice)g(for)e(large)h(ob)s(ject)g(\014les.)165
1415 y(If)g(the)f(source)g(\014les)h(w)o(ere)f(assem)o(bled)h(using)g
Ft(gas)f Fu(or)g(compiled)i(using)f Ft(gcc)p Fu(,)f(then)g(it)h(ma)o(y)
e(b)q(e)i(OK)165 1470 y(to)f(send)h(the)f(source)h(\014les)g(rather)f
(than)g(the)g(ob)s(ject)g(\014les.)21 b(In)15 b(this)f(case,)h(b)q(e)g
(sure)f(to)g(sa)o(y)g(exactly)165 1525 y(what)h(v)o(ersion)h(of)g
Ft(gas)f Fu(or)h Ft(gcc)f Fu(w)o(as)g(used)i(to)e(pro)q(duce)i(the)f
(ob)s(ject)f(\014les.)23 b(Also)16 b(sa)o(y)g(ho)o(w)f
Ft(gas)g Fu(or)165 1579 y Ft(gcc)g Fu(w)o(ere)g(con\014gured.)112
1644 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(A)14 b(description)h(of)f(what)f(b)q(eha)o(vior)
i(y)o(ou)e(observ)o(e)h(that)f(y)o(ou)h(b)q(eliev)o(e)i(is)e
(incorrect.)20 b(F)l(or)13 b(example,)165 1699 y(\\It)i(gets)g(a)g
(fatal)f(signal.")165 1764 y(Of)g(course,)h(if)f(the)h(bug)f(is)h(that)
e Ft(ld)h Fu(gets)g(a)g(fatal)g(signal,)g(then)h(w)o(e)f(will)i
(certainly)f(notice)g(it.)20 b(But)165 1819 y(if)e(the)g(bug)g(is)h
(incorrect)f(output,)g(w)o(e)g(migh)o(t)g(not)f(notice)i(unless)g(it)f
(is)g(glaringly)h(wrong.)28 b(Y)l(ou)165 1874 y(migh)o(t)15
b(as)g(w)o(ell)h(not)f(giv)o(e)g(us)h(a)e(c)o(hance)i(to)f(mak)o(e)f(a)
h(mistak)o(e.)165 1939 y(Ev)o(en)h(if)h(the)g(problem)g(y)o(ou)f(exp)q
(erience)i(is)f(a)f(fatal)g(signal,)h(y)o(ou)f(should)h(still)h(sa)o(y)
d(so)h(explicitly)l(.)165 1994 y(Supp)q(ose)f(something)e(strange)g(is)
h(going)g(on,)f(suc)o(h)h(as,)f(y)o(our)g(cop)o(y)h(of)f
Ft(ld)g Fu(is)h(out)f(of)g(sync)o(h,)h(or)f(y)o(ou)165
2049 y(ha)o(v)o(e)j(encoun)o(tered)h(a)f(bug)h(in)g(the)g(C)f(library)h
(on)g(y)o(our)f(system.)23 b(\(This)17 b(has)f(happ)q(ened!\))25
b(Y)l(our)165 2103 y(cop)o(y)14 b(migh)o(t)f(crash)h(and)g(ours)g(w)o
(ould)g(not.)19 b(If)14 b(y)o(ou)g(told)g(us)g(to)f(exp)q(ect)i(a)e
(crash,)h(then)g(when)g(ours)165 2158 y(fails)j(to)f(crash,)g(w)o(e)h
(w)o(ould)f(kno)o(w)g(that)g(the)h(bug)f(w)o(as)g(not)g(happ)q(ening)i
(for)e(us.)24 b(If)17 b(y)o(ou)f(had)g(not)165 2213 y(told)f(us)h(to)e
(exp)q(ect)i(a)f(crash,)g(then)h(w)o(e)e(w)o(ould)i(not)f(b)q(e)h(able)
g(to)e(dra)o(w)h(an)o(y)g(conclusion)i(from)d(our)165
2268 y(observ)m(ations.)112 2333 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(If)15
b(y)o(ou)g(wish)h(to)e(suggest)h(c)o(hanges)g(to)f(the)h
Ft(ld)g Fu(source,)g(send)h(us)f(con)o(text)f(di\013s,)h(as)g
(generated)g(b)o(y)165 2388 y Ft(diff)g Fu(with)h(the)g(`)p
Ft(-u)p Fu(',)e(`)p Ft(-c)p Fu(',)g(or)h(`)p Ft(-p)p
Fu(')g(option.)21 b(Alw)o(a)o(ys)16 b(send)g(di\013s)g(from)e(the)i
(old)g(\014le)h(to)e(the)h(new)165 2442 y(\014le.)23
b(If)15 b(y)o(ou)h(ev)o(en)g(discuss)h(something)f(in)g(the)g
Ft(ld)g Fu(source,)f(refer)h(to)f(it)h(b)o(y)f(con)o(text,)g(not)h(b)o
(y)f(line)165 2497 y(n)o(um)o(b)q(er.)165 2562 y(The)20
b(line)h(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers)f(in)h(our)e(dev)o(elopmen)o(t)h(sources)g
(will)h(not)e(matc)o(h)g(those)h(in)g(y)o(our)f(sources.)165
2617 y(Y)l(our)c(line)i(n)o(um)o(b)q(ers)f(w)o(ould)f(con)o(v)o(ey)g
(no)g(useful)i(information)e(to)f(us.)75 2693 y(Here)h(are)g(some)g
(things)h(that)e(are)h(not)g(necessary:)112 2758 y Fq(\017)30
b Fu(A)15 b(description)i(of)e(the)g(en)o(v)o(elop)q(e)h(of)f(the)g
(bug.)165 2823 y(Often)h(p)q(eople)i(who)e(encoun)o(ter)g(a)g(bug)g(sp)
q(end)h(a)f(lot)g(of)g(time)g(in)o(v)o(estigating)h(whic)o(h)g(c)o
(hanges)f(to)165 2878 y(the)f(input)h(\014le)h(will)g(mak)o(e)d(the)i
(bug)f(go)g(a)o(w)o(a)o(y)e(and)j(whic)o(h)g(c)o(hanges)f(will)i(not)d
(a\013ect)h(it.)p eop
%%Page: 53 55
53 54 bop 75 149 a Fu(Chapter)15 b(6:)k(Rep)q(orting)e(Bugs)1210
b(53)165 391 y(This)20 b(is)f(often)g(time)h(consuming)f(and)h(not)e(v)
o(ery)h(useful,)i(b)q(ecause)f(the)f(w)o(a)o(y)f(w)o(e)h(will)i(\014nd)
f(the)165 446 y(bug)c(is)g(b)o(y)f(running)i(a)e(single)i(example)f
(under)g(the)g(debugger)g(with)f(breakp)q(oin)o(ts,)h(not)f(b)o(y)g
(pure)165 500 y(deduction)24 b(from)d(a)h(series)g(of)g(examples.)41
b(W)l(e)23 b(recommend)f(that)f(y)o(ou)h(sa)o(v)o(e)g(y)o(our)f(time)i
(for)165 555 y(something)15 b(else.)165 622 y(Of)g(course,)f(if)h(y)o
(ou)g(can)f(\014nd)i(a)e(simpler)i(example)f(to)f(rep)q(ort)h
Fn(instead)i Fu(of)d(the)g(original)i(one,)f(that)165
677 y(is)h(a)f(con)o(v)o(enience)j(for)d(us.)21 b(Errors)14
b(in)j(the)f(output)f(will)i(b)q(e)g(easier)f(to)f(sp)q(ot,)g(running)i
(under)f(the)165 732 y(debugger)g(will)g(tak)o(e)f(less)h(time,)f(and)g
(so)g(on.)165 799 y(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)21 b(simpli\014cation)j(is)e(not)
f(vital;)j(if)e(y)o(ou)f(do)g(not)g(w)o(an)o(t)g(to)f(do)h(this,)i(rep)
q(ort)e(the)h(bug)165 854 y(an)o(yw)o(a)o(y)14 b(and)h(send)h(us)f(the)
h(en)o(tire)f(test)g(case)g(y)o(ou)g(used.)112 921 y
Fq(\017)30 b Fu(A)15 b(patc)o(h)g(for)g(the)g(bug.)165
989 y(A)j(patc)o(h)f(for)g(the)h(bug)g(do)q(es)g(help)h(us)f(if)g(it)g
(is)g(a)g(go)q(o)q(d)f(one.)28 b(But)17 b(do)h(not)f(omit)h(the)g
(necessary)165 1043 y(information,)e(suc)o(h)g(as)f(the)h(test)f(case,)
h(on)g(the)g(assumption)g(that)f(a)g(patc)o(h)h(is)g(all)h(w)o(e)e
(need.)23 b(W)l(e)165 1098 y(migh)o(t)15 b(see)h(problems)g(with)f(y)o
(our)g(patc)o(h)g(and)h(decide)h(to)d(\014x)i(the)f(problem)h(another)f
(w)o(a)o(y)l(,)f(or)h(w)o(e)165 1153 y(migh)o(t)g(not)g(understand)h
(it)f(at)g(all.)165 1220 y(Sometimes)d(with)h(a)f(program)f(as)g
(complicated)j(as)d Ft(ld)h Fu(it)g(is)h(v)o(ery)f(hard)g(to)f
(construct)h(an)g(example)165 1275 y(that)h(will)j(mak)o(e)e(the)g
(program)f(follo)o(w)h(a)g(certain)g(path)g(through)g(the)g(co)q(de.)20
b(If)15 b(y)o(ou)f(do)g(not)f(send)165 1330 y(us)k(the)f(example,)i(w)o
(e)e(will)i(not)f(b)q(e)g(able)g(to)f(construct)g(one,)h(so)f(w)o(e)h
(will)h(not)e(b)q(e)h(able)h(to)e(v)o(erify)165 1385
y(that)e(the)i(bug)f(is)h(\014xed.)165 1452 y(And)e(if)g(w)o(e)f
(cannot)h(understand)g(what)f(bug)h(y)o(ou)f(are)g(trying)h(to)f
(\014x,)g(or)g(wh)o(y)h(y)o(our)f(patc)o(h)g(should)165
1507 y(b)q(e)j(an)f(impro)o(v)o(emen)o(t,)f(w)o(e)h(will)i(not)e
(install)i(it.)j(A)15 b(test)g(case)g(will)i(help)f(us)g(to)e
(understand.)112 1574 y Fq(\017)30 b Fu(A)15 b(guess)g(ab)q(out)g(what)
g(the)g(bug)h(is)f(or)g(what)g(it)g(dep)q(ends)i(on.)165
1641 y(Suc)o(h)d(guesses)f(are)g(usually)h(wrong.)19
b(Ev)o(en)13 b(w)o(e)g(cannot)g(guess)g(righ)o(t)g(ab)q(out)g(suc)o(h)g
(things)h(without)165 1696 y(\014rst)h(using)h(the)f(debugger)h(to)e
(\014nd)i(the)f(facts.)p eop
%%Page: 54 56
54 55 bop 75 149 a Fu(54)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
p eop
%%Page: 55 57
55 56 bop 75 149 a Fu(App)q(endix)17 b(A:)e(MRI)h(Compatible)g(Script)g
(Files)907 b(55)75 391 y Fp(App)r(endix)25 b(A)41 b(MRI)26
b(Compatible)h(Script)f(Files)75 512 y Fu(T)l(o)16 b(aid)h(users)f
(making)h(the)f(transition)h(to)f Fo(gnu)g Ft(ld)g Fu(from)f(the)i(MRI)
g(link)o(er,)g Ft(ld)f Fu(can)h(use)f(MRI)h(com-)75 567
y(patible)d(link)o(er)g(scripts)f(as)f(an)g(alternativ)o(e)h(to)f(the)g
(more)h(general-purp)q(ose)g(link)o(er)h(scripting)g(language)75
622 y(describ)q(ed)i(in)e(Chapter)g(3)f([Command)g(Language],)h(page)f
(19.)19 b(MRI)14 b(compatible)h(link)o(er)g(scripts)f(ha)o(v)o(e)75
677 y(a)h(m)o(uc)o(h)h(simpler)g(command)g(set)f(than)g(the)h
(scripting)g(language)g(otherwise)g(used)g(with)g Ft(ld)p
Fu(.)k Fo(gnu)15 b Ft(ld)75 731 y Fu(supp)q(orts)j(the)f(most)g
(commonly)h(used)g(MRI)g(link)o(er)h(commands;)f(these)g(commands)g
(are)f(describ)q(ed)75 786 y(here.)75 855 y(In)f(general,)h(MRI)f
(scripts)g(aren't)f(of)h(m)o(uc)o(h)f(use)i(with)f(the)g
Ft(a.out)f Fu(ob)s(ject)g(\014le)i(format,)d(since)j(it)f(only)75
910 y(has)f(three)g(sections)h(and)f(MRI)h(scripts)g(lac)o(k)f(some)g
(features)g(to)f(mak)o(e)h(use)h(of)e(them.)75 978 y(Y)l(ou)19
b(can)h(sp)q(ecify)g(a)f(\014le)i(con)o(taining)f(an)f(MRI-compatible)i
(script)f(using)g(the)f(`)p Ft(-c)p Fu(')f(command-line)75
1033 y(option.)75 1102 y(Eac)o(h)11 b(command)h(in)g(an)g
(MRI-compatible)h(script)f(o)q(ccupies)h(its)f(o)o(wn)f(line;)j(eac)o
(h)e(command)f(line)i(starts)75 1157 y(with)22 b(the)f(k)o(eyw)o(ord)g
(that)f(iden)o(ti\014es)k(the)d(command)g(\(though)g(blank)h(lines)h
(are)e(also)h(allo)o(w)o(ed)g(for)75 1211 y(punctuation\).)f(If)16
b(a)f(line)i(of)e(an)g(MRI-compatible)i(script)f(b)q(egins)h(with)f(an)
f(unrecognized)i(k)o(eyw)o(ord,)75 1266 y Ft(ld)e Fu(issues)h(a)f(w)o
(arning)g(message,)f(but)i(con)o(tin)o(ues)f(pro)q(cessing)h(the)g
(script.)75 1335 y(Lines)h(b)q(eginning)g(with)e(`)p
Ft(*)p Fu(')g(are)g(commen)o(ts.)75 1404 y(Y)l(ou)h(can)h(write)f
(these)g(commands)g(using)h(all)g(upp)q(er-case)g(letters,)f(or)g(all)h
(lo)o(w)o(er)f(case;)g(for)f(example,)75 1458 y(`)p Ft(chip)p
Fu(')j(is)i(the)g(same)f(as)g(`)p Ft(CHIP)p Fu('.)32
b(The)20 b(follo)o(wing)g(list)g(sho)o(ws)f(only)i(the)e(upp)q(er-case)
i(form)e(of)g(eac)o(h)75 1513 y(command.)75 1608 y Ft(ABSOLUTE)14
b Fn(secname)75 1663 y Ft(ABSOLUTE)g Fn(secname)p Ft(,)h
Fn(secname)p Ft(,)h Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Fn(secname)315
1718 y Fu(Normally)l(,)22 b Ft(ld)e Fu(includes)j(in)e(the)g(output)f
(\014le)h(all)h(sections)e(from)g(all)h(the)g(input)g(\014les.)315
1773 y(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)e(in)i(an)e(MRI-compatible)j(script,)e(y)o(ou)
f(can)h(use)g(the)g Ft(ABSOLUTE)e Fu(command)315 1827
y(to)i(restrict)g(the)h(sections)g(that)f(will)i(b)q(e)g(presen)o(t)e
(in)i(y)o(our)e(output)g(program.)35 b(If)21 b(the)315
1882 y Ft(ABSOLUTE)e Fu(command)h(is)h(used)g(at)e(all)i(in)g(a)f
(script,)i(then)e(only)h(the)f(sections)h(named)315 1937
y(explicitly)h(in)f Ft(ABSOLUTE)d Fu(commands)i(will)h(app)q(ear)e(in)i
(the)f(link)o(er)g(output.)33 b(Y)l(ou)20 b(can)315 1992
y(still)j(use)e(other)g(input)h(sections)g(\(whatev)o(er)e(y)o(ou)h
(select)h(on)f(the)g(command)g(line,)j(or)315 2047 y(using)16
b Ft(LOAD)p Fu(\))e(to)h(resolv)o(e)g(addresses)h(in)g(the)f(output)g
(\014le.)75 2128 y Ft(ALIAS)f Fn(out-secname)p Ft(,)i
Fn(in-secname)315 2183 y Fu(Use)e(this)g(command)g(to)f(place)h(the)g
(data)f(from)g(input)i(section)f Fn(in-secname)k Fu(in)c(a)f(section)
315 2237 y(called)k Fn(out-secname)h Fu(in)e(the)f(link)o(er)h(output)f
(\014le.)315 2305 y Fn(in-secname)k Fu(ma)o(y)c(b)q(e)g(an)h(in)o
(teger.)75 2386 y Ft(ALIGN)e Fn(secname)19 b Ft(=)c Fn(expression)315
2441 y Fu(Align)21 b(the)f(section)h(called)h Fn(secname)h
Fu(to)c Fn(expression)p Fu(.)35 b(The)21 b Fn(expression)g
Fu(should)g(b)q(e)f(a)315 2496 y(p)q(o)o(w)o(er)15 b(of)f(t)o(w)o(o.)75
2577 y Ft(BASE)h Fn(expression)315 2632 y Fu(Use)c(the)g(v)m(alue)h(of)
f Fn(expression)g Fu(as)g(the)g(lo)o(w)o(est)f(address)h(\(other)f
(than)h(absolute)g(addresses\))315 2687 y(in)16 b(the)f(output)g
(\014le.)75 2768 y Ft(CHIP)g Fn(expression)75 2823 y
Ft(CHIP)g Fn(expression)p Ft(,)h Fn(expression)315 2878
y Fu(This)g(command)f(do)q(es)g(nothing;)h(it)f(is)h(accepted)g(only)f
(for)g(compatibilit)o(y)l(.)p eop
%%Page: 56 58
56 57 bop 75 149 a Fu(56)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Ft(END)168 b Fu(This)16 b(command)f(do)q(es)g(nothing)h
(whatev)o(er;)e(it's)h(only)h(accepted)g(for)e(compatibilit)o(y)l(.)75
470 y Ft(FORMAT)g Fn(output-format)315 525 y Fu(Similar)19
b(to)e(the)g Ft(OUTPUT_FORMAT)f Fu(command)h(in)h(the)g(more)f(general)
h(link)o(er)g(language,)315 580 y(but)d(restricted)h(to)e(one)i(of)f
(these)g(output)g(formats:)340 647 y(1.)29 b(S-records,)15
b(if)h Fn(output-format)f Fu(is)g(`)p Ft(S)p Fu(')340
715 y(2.)29 b(IEEE,)15 b(if)h Fn(output-format)e Fu(is)i(`)p
Ft(IEEE)p Fu(')340 782 y(3.)29 b(COFF)15 b(\(the)g(`)p
Ft(coff-m68k)p Fu(')e(v)m(arian)o(t)i(in)h(BFD\),)e(if)i
Fn(output-format)f Fu(is)g(`)p Ft(COFF)p Fu(')75 874
y Ft(LIST)g Fn(an)o(ything)t Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)315 929 y
Fu(Prin)o(t)k(\(to)f(the)h(standard)f(output)h(\014le\))g(a)g(link)h
(map,)f(as)g(pro)q(duced)h(b)o(y)e(the)h Ft(ld)g Fu(command-)315
984 y(line)17 b(option)e(`)p Ft(-M)p Fu('.)315 1051 y(The)22
b(k)o(eyw)o(ord)e Ft(LIST)h Fu(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)h(follo)o(w)o(ed)g(b)o(y)
f(an)o(ything)h(on)f(the)h(same)f(line,)j(with)e(no)315
1106 y(c)o(hange)15 b(in)h(its)g(e\013ect.)75 1185 y
Ft(LOAD)f Fn(\014lename)75 1240 y Ft(LOAD)g Fn(\014lename)p
Ft(,)h Fn(\014lename)p Ft(,)g Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Fn(\014lename)315
1295 y Fu(Include)k(one)e(or)g(more)g(ob)s(ject)f(\014le)i
Fn(\014lename)j Fu(in)d(the)f(link;)h(this)g(has)f(the)g(same)g
(e\013ect)f(as)315 1350 y(sp)q(ecifying)j Fn(\014lename)i
Fu(directly)d(on)g(the)f Ft(ld)g Fu(command)g(line.)75
1429 y Ft(NAME)g Fn(output-name)315 1484 y(output-name)g
Fu(is)e(the)g(name)g(for)f(the)h(program)e(pro)q(duced)j(b)o(y)f
Ft(ld)p Fu(;)f(the)h(MRI-compatible)315 1539 y(command)20
b Ft(NAME)f Fu(is)h(equiv)m(alen)o(t)h(to)e(the)h(command-line)h
(option)f(`)p Ft(-o)p Fu(')f(or)g(the)g(general)315 1594
y(script)d(language)f(command)g Ft(OUTPUT)p Fu(.)75 1673
y Ft(ORDER)f Fn(secname)p Ft(,)i Fn(secname)p Ft(,)f
Fi(:)8 b(:)g(:)13 b Fn(secname)75 1728 y Ft(ORDER)h Fn(secname)19
b(secname)f(secname)315 1783 y Fu(Normally)l(,)h Ft(ld)f
Fu(orders)g(the)h(sections)g(in)g(its)f(output)g(\014le)i(in)f(the)f
(order)h(in)g(whic)o(h)g(they)315 1838 y(\014rst)e(app)q(ear)g(in)h
(the)g(input)g(\014les.)27 b(In)18 b(an)f(MRI-compatible)i(script,)f(y)
o(ou)f(can)g(o)o(v)o(erride)315 1893 y(this)g(ordering)g(with)f(the)h
Ft(ORDER)f Fu(command.)23 b(The)17 b(sections)g(y)o(ou)f(list)h(with)g
Ft(ORDER)e Fu(will)315 1947 y(app)q(ear)g(\014rst)g(in)h(y)o(our)f
(output)g(\014le,)h(in)g(the)f(order)g(sp)q(eci\014ed.)75
2027 y Ft(PUBLIC)f Fn(name)s Ft(=)p Fn(expression)75
2082 y Ft(PUBLIC)g Fn(name)p Ft(,)p Fn(expression)75
2137 y Ft(PUBLIC)g Fn(name)k(expression)315 2192 y Fu(Supply)f(a)f(v)m
(alue)g(\()p Fn(expression)p Fu(\))g(for)f(external)h(sym)o(b)q(ol)g
Fn(name)j Fu(used)d(in)g(the)g(link)o(er)h(input)315
2246 y(\014les.)75 2326 y Ft(SECT)e Fn(secname)p Ft(,)g
Fn(expression)75 2381 y Ft(SECT)g Fn(secname)s Ft(=)p
Fn(expression)75 2436 y Ft(SECT)g Fn(secname)j(expression)315
2490 y Fu(Y)l(ou)k(can)g(use)g(an)o(y)f(of)h(these)g(three)g(forms)f
(of)g(the)h Ft(SECT)f Fu(command)h(to)f(sp)q(ecify)i(the)315
2545 y(start)12 b(address)i(\()p Fn(expression)p Fu(\))g(for)f(section)
h Fn(secname)p Fu(.)19 b(If)14 b(y)o(ou)f(ha)o(v)o(e)g(more)g(than)h
(one)g Ft(SECT)315 2600 y Fu(statemen)o(t)g(for)h(the)g(same)g
Fn(secname)p Fu(,)g(only)h(the)f Fn(\014rst)h Fu(sets)f(the)g(start)f
(address.)p eop
%%Page: 57 59
57 58 bop 75 149 a Fu(Index)1645 b(57)75 391 y Fp(Index)75
553 y Fs(*)75 611 y Ff(*\()12 b(COMMON)f(\))e Fe(.)c(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(29)75
661 y Ff(*\()p Fe(section)p Ff(\))6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(28)75
777 y Fs(-)75 835 y Ff(-\()6 b Fe(.)f(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)19 b Fd(9)75 885 y Ff(--architec)o(tu)o(re=)o
Fe(arc)o(h)5 b(.)t(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)17
b Fd(4)75 935 y Ff(--auxiliar)o(y)s Fe(.)s(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(5)75
985 y Ff(--cref)9 b Fe(.)s(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(10)75
1034 y Ff(--defsym)10 b Fe(sym)o(b)q(ol)q Ff(=)p Fe(exp)k(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)23 b Fd(10)75 1084 y Ff(--discard-)o(al)o(l)
6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22
b Fd(9)75 1134 y Ff(--discard-)o(lo)o(cal)o(s)5 b Fe(.)s(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(9)75 1184 y Ff(--dynamic-)o(li)o
(nke)o(r)10 b Fe(\014le)f(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(10)75 1234 y Ff(--embedded)o(-r)o(elo)o(cs)r Fe(.)t(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(11)75 1284
y Ff(--entry=)p Fe(en)o(try)8 b(.)s(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(5)75 1333 y Ff(--export-d)o(yn)o(ami)o
(c)5 b Fe(.)s(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18
b Fd(5)75 1383 y Ff(--filter)7 b Fe(.)s(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b
Fd(5)75 1433 y Ff(--force-ex)o(e-)o(suf)o(fi)o(x)8 b
Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(6)75 1483
y Ff(--format=)p Fe(f)o(ormat)7 b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(4)75 1533 y Ff(--gpsize)7 b Fe(.)s(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(6)75 1582 y Ff(--help)9 b Fe(.)s(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(11)75 1632 y Ff(--just-sym)o(bo)o(ls=)o Fe(\014le)9
b(.)t(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(8)75
1682 y Ff(--library-)o(pa)o(th=)o Fe(dir)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(7)75 1732 y Ff(--library=)o Fe(arc)o(hiv)o(e)6
b(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)16
b Fd(6)75 1782 y Ff(--mri-scri)o(pt)o(=)p Fe(MRI-cmd\014le)8
b(.)d(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(4)75 1831 y Ff(--nmagic)7 b Fe(.)s(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(7)75 1881 y Ff(--no-keep-)o(me)o(mor)o(y)t Fe(.)s(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(11)75
1931 y Ff(--no-warn-)o(mi)o(sma)o(tc)o(h)7 b Fe(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(11)75 1981 y Ff(--no-whole)o(-a)o(rch)o(iv)o(e)7
b Fe(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(11)75 2031
y Ff(--noinhibi)o(t-)o(exe)o(c)t Fe(.)s(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(11)75 2081 y Ff(--oformat)t Fe(.)s(.)6
b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
17 b Fd(11)75 2130 y Ff(--omagic)7 b Fe(.)s(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(7)75 2180 y Ff(--output=)p Fe(output)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(8)75 2230 y Ff(--print-ma)o(p)s
Fe(.)s(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)16 b Fd(7)75 2280 y Ff(--relax)7 b Fe(.)t(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(11)75 2330 y Ff(--relax)10 b Fd(on)j(i960)8 b Fe(.)g(.)e(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(45)75 2379
y Ff(--relocate)o(ab)o(le)8 b Fe(.)s(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)20 b Fd(8)75 2429 y Ff(--script=)p
Fe(script)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
22 b Fd(8)75 2479 y Ff(--sort-com)o(mo)o(n)8 b Fe(.)s(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(13)75 2529
y Ff(--split-by)o(-f)o(ile)5 b Fe(.)s(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(13)75 2579 y Ff(--split-by)o(-r)o(elo)o(c)t
Fe(.)s(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b
Fd(13)75 2628 y Ff(--stats)7 b Fe(.)t(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b
Fd(13)75 2678 y Ff(--strip-al)o(l)s Fe(.)s(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(8)75
2728 y Ff(--strip-de)o(bu)o(g)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(8)75 2778 y Ff(--trace)8
b Fe(.)t(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(8)75 2828 y Ff(--trace-sy)o(mb)o(ol=)o
Fe(sym)o(b)q(ol)8 b(.)d(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(9)75
2878 y Ff(--traditio)o(na)o(l-f)o(or)o(mat)7 b Fe(.)s(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)20 b Fd(13)1012 553 y Ff(--undefined)o(=)p Fe(sym)o(b)q(ol)10
b(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(8)1012
603 y Ff(--verbose)5 b Fe(.)s(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(14)1012 652 y
Ff(--version)6 b Fe(.)s(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(9)1012 702 y Ff(--version-s)o(cr)o
(ipt)o(=)p Fe(v)o(ersion-script\014le)13 b(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(14)1012 752 y Ff(--warn-como)o(n)6
b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23
b Fd(14)1012 802 y Ff(--warn-cons)o(tr)o(uct)o(or)o(s)9
b Fe(.)s(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)22 b Fd(15)1012 852 y
Ff(--warn-mult)o(ip)o(le-)o(gp)7 b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
24 b Fd(15)1012 901 y Ff(--warn-once)7 b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(16)1012 951
y Ff(--warn-sect)o(io)o(n-a)o(li)o(gn)7 b Fe(.)t(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(16)1012 1001 y Ff(--whole-arc)o(hi)o(ve)5 b Fe(.)s(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(16)1012 1051 y Ff(--wrap)9
b Fe(.)t(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(16)1012 1101 y Ff(-A)p
Fe(arc)o(h)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(4)1012
1150 y Ff(-a)p Fe(k)o(eyw)o(ord)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)17 b Fd(4)1012
1200 y Ff(-assert)10 b Fe(k)o(eyw)o(ord)h(.)6 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(9)1012 1250 y Ff(-b)12
b Fe(format)t(.)6 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(4)1012 1300 y Ff(-Bdynamic)6
b Fe(.)s(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(9)1012 1350 y Ff(-Bshareable)7
b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(13)1012 1400 y Ff(-Bstatic)6 b Fe(.)s(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)19 b
Fd(10)1012 1449 y Ff(-Bsymbolic)s Fe(.)s(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(10)1012
1499 y Ff(-c)12 b Fe(MRI-cmd\014le)7 b(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(4)1012 1549 y Ff(-call)p
1114 1549 12 2 v 13 w(shared)5 b Fe(.)s(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(9)1012 1599 y
Ff(-d)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(4)1012 1649 y Ff(-dc)5 b Fe(.)g(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
18 b Fd(4)1012 1698 y Ff(-dn)t Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17
b Fd(10)1012 1748 y Ff(-dp)5 b Fe(.)g(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)18 b Fd(4)1012 1798 y Ff(-dy)5 b Fe(.)g(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)18 b Fd(9)1012 1848 y Ff(-E)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(5)1012 1898 y Ff(-e)12 b Fe(en)o(try)d(.)e(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(5)1012 1947 y Ff(-EB)t Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(10)1012 1997 y Ff(-EL)t Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(10)1012 2047 y Ff(-f)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(5)1012 2097 y Ff(-F)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(5)1012 2147 y Ff(-g)6
b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(6)1012
2197 y Ff(-G)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(6)1012 2246 y Ff(-h)p Fe(name)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16
b Fd(6)1012 2296 y Ff(-i)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)19 b Fd(6)1012 2346 y Ff(-l)p Fe(arc)o(hiv)o(e)8 b(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(6)1012 2396 y Ff(-L)p Fe(dir)10 b(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(7)1012 2446 y Ff(-M)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)19 b Fd(7)1012 2495 y Ff(-m)12 b Fe(em)o(ulation)i(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(7)1012 2545 y Ff(-Map)10 b Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)24
b Fd(11)1012 2595 y Ff(-n)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)19 b Fd(7)1012 2645 y Ff(-N)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(7)1012 2695 y Ff(-non)p 1094 2695
V 13 w(shared)5 b Fe(.)t(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(10)1012 2744 y Ff(-o)12 b
Fe(output)h(.)6 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(8)1012 2794 y Ff(-qmagic)7
b Fe(.)t(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(11)1012 2844 y Ff(-Qy)t Fe(.)5
b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(11)p eop
%%Page: 58 60
58 59 bop 75 149 a Fu(58)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Ff(-r)6 b Fe(.)f(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(8)75 441 y Ff(-R)12 b Fe(\014le)g(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(8)75 490 y Ff(-rpath)9 b Fe(.)s(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(12)75 540 y Ff(-rpath-lin)o(k)7 b Fe(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)23 b Fd(12)75 590
y Ff(-s)6 b Fe(.)f(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(8)75 640 y Ff(-S)6 b Fe(.)f(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
19 b Fd(8)75 690 y Ff(-shared)7 b Fe(.)t(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(13)75 739 y Ff(-soname=)p Fe(name)6 b(.)t(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)16 b Fd(6)75 789
y Ff(-static)7 b Fe(.)t(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(10)75 839 y Ff(-t)6
b Fe(.)f(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(8)75
889 y Ff(-T)12 b Fe(script)t(.)c(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(8)75
939 y Ff(-Tbss)11 b Fe(org)i(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(14)75 989
y Ff(-Tdata)10 b Fe(org)i(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(14)75 1038 y Ff(-Ttext)10
b Fe(org)i(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(14)75 1088 y Ff(-u)12 b Fe(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)20 b Fd(8)75 1138 y Ff(-Ur)t Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)16 b Fd(14)75 1188 y Ff(-v)6 b Fe(.)f(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(9)75 1238 y Ff(-V)6 b Fe(.)f(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(9)75 1287 y Ff(-x)6 b Fe(.)f(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(9)75 1337 y Ff(-X)6 b Fe(.)f(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(9)75 1387 y Ff(-Y)12
b Fe(path)t(.)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(9)75 1437
y Ff(-y)12 b Fe(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)20 b Fd(9)75
1487 y Ff(-z)12 b Fe(k)o(eyw)o(ord)c(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(9)75
1602 y Fs(.)75 1661 y Ff(.)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)19 b Fd(20)75 1776 y Fs(:)75 1834 y Ff(:)p Fe(phdr)12
b(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(34)75 1950 y Fs(;)75
2008 y Ff(;)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(22)75 2124 y Fs(=)75 2182 y Ff(=)p Fe(\014ll)13
b(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(34)75 2298 y
Fs([)75 2356 y Ff([)p Fe(section)p Fc(:)7 b(:)f(:)p Ff(])p
Fd(,)12 b(not)h(supp)q(orted)c Fe(.)f(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(29)75
2472 y Fh(")75 2530 y Ff(")6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)19 b Fd(20)75 2646 y Fh(>)75 2704 y Ff(>)p Fe(region)6
b(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(34)75 2819 y Fs(0)75 2878
y Ff(0x)5 b Fe(.)g(.)h(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18
b Fd(20)1012 391 y Fs(A)1012 449 y Ff(ABSOLUTE)10 b Fd(\(MRI\))c
Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(55)1012 499 y(absolute)c(and)f(relo)q(catable)h(sym)o(b)q(ols)s
Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)16
b Fd(22)1012 549 y Ff(ABSOLUTE\()p Fe(exp)q Ff(\))8 b
Fe(.)s(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(23)1012 598 y Ff(ADDR\()p Fe(section)p Ff(\))10
b Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(23)1012 648 y Ff(ALIAS)11 b Fd(\(MRI\))f Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(55)1012
698 y Ff(ALIGN)11 b Fd(\(MRI\))f Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(55)1012 748 y Ff(ALIGN\()p
Fe(exp)q Ff(\))10 b Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)25 b Fd(23)1012 798 y(aligning)16
b(sections)6 b Fe(.)i(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
20 b Fd(33)1012 847 y(allo)q(cating)c(memory)5 b Fe(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(25)1012 897 y(arc)o(hitectures)t
Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)17 b Fd(4)1012 947 y(arc)o(hiv)o(e)e(\014les,)e(from)g(cmd)g
(line)t Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)17 b Fd(6)1012 997 y(arithmetic)7
b Fe(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(19)1012 1047 y(arithmetic)15 b(op)q(erators)7
b Fe(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(21)1012
1096 y(assignmen)o(t)15 b(in)f(scripts)e Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(22)1012 1146 y(assignmen)o(t,)15 b(in)f(section)g(defn)
s Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)16 b Fd(31)1012 1196 y Ff(AT)c(\()h
Fe(ldadr)k Ff(\))7 b Fe(.)e(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(33)1012 1306 y Fs(B)1012
1364 y Fd(bac)o(k)14 b(end)d Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(47)1012
1414 y Ff(BASE)12 b Fd(\(MRI\))f Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(55)1012 1464
y(BFD)14 b(canonical)h(format)8 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(48)1012 1514 y(BFD)14 b(requiremen)o(ts)6 b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)19 b Fd(47)1012 1564 y(big-endian)d(ob)r(jects)
8 b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)21
b Fd(10)1012 1613 y(binary)15 b(input)f(\014les)9 b Fe(.)f(.)e(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)22 b Fd(41)1012 1663
y(binary)15 b(input)f(format)s Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)16 b Fd(4)1012 1713 y Ff(BLOCK\()p Fe(align)p
Ff(\))9 b Fe(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)23 b Fd(33)1012 1763 y(bug)14 b(criteria)t Fe(.)8
b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
18 b Fd(51)1012 1813 y(bug)c(rep)q(orts)5 b Fe(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b
Fd(51)1012 1862 y(bugs)c(in)g Ff(ld)6 b Fe(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)19 b
Fd(51)1012 1912 y Ff(BYTE\()p Fe(expression)p Ff(\))8
b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(32)1012 2022 y Fs(C)1012 2081 y Fd(C)p Ff(++)12
b Fd(constructors,)i(arranging)h(in)f(link)s Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)16 b Fd(40)1012 2130 y
Ff(CHIP)c Fd(\(MRI\))f Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(55)1012 2180 y(com)o(bining)16
b(sym)o(b)q(ols,)e(w)o(arnings)g(on)9 b Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(14)1012 2230 y(command)14
b(\014les)8 b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)21 b Fd(19)1012 2280 y(command)14 b(line)f Fe(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(3)1012 2330 y(commands,)14 b(fundamen)o(tal)8 b
Fe(.)g(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(19)1012 2379 y(commen)o(ts)9
b Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)22 b Fd(19)1012 2429 y(common)14 b(allo)q(cation)7
b Fe(.)i(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(4,)13 b(41)1012
2479 y(commons)h(in)g(output)6 b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)20 b Fd(29)1012 2529 y(compatibili)q(t)o(y)m(,)15
b(MRI)d Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(4)1012 2579 y(constructors)7 b Fe(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(14)1012 2628
y Ff(CONSTRUCTOR)o(S)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(40)1012 2678 y(constructors,)14
b(arranging)h(in)f(link)9 b Fe(.)f(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(40)1012 2728 y(con)o(ten)o(ts)14
b(of)f(a)g(section)7 b Fe(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(28)1012 2778 y(crash)14 b(of)f(link)o(er)8 b Fe(.)g(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(51)1012
2828 y Ff(CREATE)p 1134 2828 12 2 v 12 w(OBJECT)p 1266
2828 V 12 w(SYMBOLS)s Fe(.)t(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17
b Fd(30)1012 2878 y(cross)d(reference)f(table)c Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(10)p eop
%%Page: 59 61
59 60 bop 75 149 a Fu(Index)1645 b(59)75 391 y Fd(cross)13
b(references)7 b Fe(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)19 b Fd(42)75 441 y(curren)o(t)14 b(output)f(lo)q(cation)8
b Fe(.)g(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(20)75 580 y Fs(D)75
639 y Fd(db)o(x)12 b Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(13)75 688 y(decimal)15 b(in)o(tegers)9 b Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(20)75 738 y(default)14
b(em)o(ulation)6 b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
18 b Fd(17)75 788 y(default)c(input)g(format)7 b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(17)75 838 y Ff(DEFINED\()p Fe(sym)o(b)q(ol)q
Ff(\))t Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17
b Fd(24)75 888 y(deleting)e(lo)q(cal)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)s
Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(9)75
937 y(direct)e(output)8 b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(32)75 987 y(discon)o(tin)o(uous)c
(memory)8 b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(25)75
1037 y(dot)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18
b Fd(20)75 1087 y(dynamic)d(link)o(er,)f(from)f(command)h(line)8
b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(10)75 1137 y(dynamic)15 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(table)s
Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(5)75
1277 y Fs(E)75 1335 y Fd(ELF)d(program)h(headers)e Fe(.)6
b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(35)75 1384 y(em)o(ulation)14
b Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(7)75 1434 y(em)o(ulation,)15
b(default)9 b Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)21
b Fd(17)75 1484 y Ff(END)12 b Fd(\(MRI\))t Fe(.)5 b(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16
b Fd(55)75 1534 y(endianness)s Fe(.)9 b(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(10)75
1584 y(en)o(try)d(p)q(oin)o(t,)h(defaults)7 b Fe(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(38)75 1634 y(en)o(try)13 b(p)q(oin)o(t,)h(from)f
(command)h(line)5 b Fe(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)17 b Fd(5)75 1683 y Ff(ENTRY\()p Fe(sym)o(b)q(ol)q
Ff(\))7 b Fe(.)e(.)h(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(37)75 1733 y(error)13 b(on)g(v)n(alid)i(input)5
b Fe(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(51)75
1783 y(expression)d(ev)n(aluation)h(order)10 b Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22
b Fd(21)75 1833 y(expression)15 b(syn)o(tax)5 b Fe(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(19)75 1883 y(expression,)d
(absolute)e Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(23)75 1932 y(expressions)15 b(in)f(a)f(section)8
b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)20 b Fd(30)75 2072 y Fs(F)75
2130 y Fd(fatal)14 b(signal)9 b Fe(.)f(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(51)75 2180
y Fe(\014lename)8 b(.)f(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(28)75 2230 y(\014lename)c(sym)o
(b)q(ols)e Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23
b Fd(30)75 2280 y Fe(\014lename)r Ff(\()p Fe(section)p
Ff(\))5 b Fe(.)k(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18
b Fd(28)75 2330 y(\014les)c(and)g(sections,)g(section)g(defn)d
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
24 b Fd(28)75 2379 y(\014les,)14 b(including)i(in)e(output)g(sections)s
Fe(.)7 b(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16
b Fd(28)75 2429 y(\014ll)e(pattern,)g(en)o(tire)g(section)8
b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(34)75 2479 y Ff(FILL\()p
Fe(expression)p Ff(\))8 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)20 b Fd(32)75 2529 y(\014rst)13 b(input)i(\014le)s
Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16
b Fd(42)75 2579 y(\014rst)d(instruction)5 b Fe(.)k(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(37)75 2628 y
Ff(FLOAT)8 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)22 b Fd(41)75 2678
y Ff(FORCE)p 177 2678 12 2 v 12 w(COMMON)p 309 2678 V
12 w(ALLOCATION)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(41)75 2728
y Ff(FORMAT)10 b Fd(\(MRI\))e Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(56)75 2778 y(format,)13
b(output)g(\014le)6 b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(42)75 2828 y(functions)c(in)e(expression)i(language)d
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22
b Fd(23)75 2878 y(fundamen)o(tal)15 b(script)f(commands)e
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
23 b Fd(19)1012 391 y Fs(G)1012 449 y Fb(gnu)13 b Fd(link)o(er)6
b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(1)1012 499 y Ff(GNUTARGET)8 b
Fe(.)s(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(17,)13 b(42)1012 549 y Ff(GROUP)e(\()i Fe(\014les)i
Ff(\))6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)20 b Fd(41)1012 598 y(grouping)15 b(input)g(\014les)6
b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(41)1012
648 y(groups)14 b(of)f(arc)o(hiv)o(es)s Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(9)1012 749 y Fs(H)1012
807 y Fd(H8/300)e(supp)q(ort)e Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(45)1012 857 y(header)14 b(size)d
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)23 b Fd(25)1012 907 y(help)7 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
20 b Fd(11)1012 956 y(hexadecimal)c(in)o(tegers)t Fe(.)8
b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(20)1012 1006
y(holes)9 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(20)1012
1056 y(holes,)14 b(\014lling)f Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(32)1012 1157
y Fs(I)1012 1215 y Fd(i960)14 b(supp)q(ort)5 b Fe(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b
Fd(45)1012 1265 y Ff(INCLUDE)10 b Fe(\014lename)i(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(41)1012
1315 y(includin)q(g)16 b(a)d(link)o(er)i(script)t Fe(.)7
b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(41)1012 1364 y(includin)q(g)e(an)d(en)o
(tire)h(arc)o(hiv)o(e)6 b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(16)1012
1414 y(incremen)o(tal)15 b(link)d Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(6)1012 1464 y Ff(INPUT)11
b(\()i Fe(\014les)i Ff(\))6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(41)1012 1514 y(input)15
b(\014le)f(format)6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)19 b Fd(42)1012 1564 y(input)c(\014lename)f(sym)o(b)q(ols)e
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)23 b Fd(30)1012 1613 y(input)15
b(\014les,)e(displa)o(yi)q(ng)c Fe(.)g(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
22 b Fd(8)1012 1663 y(input)15 b(\014les,)e(section)i(defn)9
b Fe(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(28)1012 1713 y(input)15
b(format)t Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(4)1012 1763 y(input)e(sections)f(to)f(output)h
(section)5 b Fe(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)18 b Fd(28)1012 1813 y(in)o(teger)c(notation)e
Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(20)1012 1862 y(in)o(teger)14 b(su\016xes)s Fe(.)8
b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)16
b Fd(20)1012 1912 y(in)o(ternal)f(ob)r(ject-\014le)f(format)5
b Fe(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(48)1012 1962 y(in)o(v)n(alid)e(input)s
Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)17 b Fd(51)1012 2063 y Fs(K)1012 2121 y Fd(K)c(and)h(M)f(in)o(teger)
h(su\016xes)6 b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(20)1012
2222 y Fs(L)1012 2280 y Ff(l)13 b(=)7 b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)21 b Fd(26)1012 2330 y(L,)13 b(deleting)i(sym)o(b)q(ols)f(b)q
(eginning)6 b Fe(.)j(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(9)1012 2379 y(la)o(y)o(out)d(of)d(output)i
(\014le)e Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(19)1012 2429 y(lazy)14 b(ev)n(aluation)f Fe(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23
b Fd(21)1012 2479 y Ff(ld)12 b Fd(bugs,)i(rep)q(orting)8
b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b
Fd(51)1012 2529 y Ff(LDEMULATION)7 b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(17)1012 2579
y Ff(len)12 b(=)5 b Fe(.)g(.)h(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b
Fd(26)1012 2628 y Ff(LENGTH)11 b(=)e Fe(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b
Fd(26)1012 2678 y(link)15 b(map)d Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)24
b Fd(7)1012 2728 y(link-time)16 b(run)o(time)e(library)h(searc)o(h)e
(path)f Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(12)1012 2778 y(link)o(er)15 b(crash)t Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b
Fd(51)1012 2828 y Ff(LIST)12 b Fd(\(MRI\))f Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(56)1012
2878 y(little-endi)q(an)16 b(ob)r(jects)c Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)25 b Fd(10)p eop
%%Page: 60 62
60 61 bop 75 149 a Fu(60)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 391 y Ff(LOAD)c Fd(\(MRI\))g Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)23 b Fd(56)75 441
y(load)14 b(address,)g(sp)q(ecifying)6 b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)18
b Fd(33)75 490 y Ff(LOADADDR\()p Fe(section)p Ff(\))5
b Fe(.)t(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b
Fd(23)75 540 y(loading,)d(prev)o(en)o(ting)9 b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(33)75 590 y(lo)q(cal)15 b(sym)o(b)q(ols,)f
(deleting)6 b Fe(.)j(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b
Fd(9)75 640 y(lo)q(cation)c(coun)o(ter)9 b Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)21 b Fd(20)75 690 y Ff(LONG\()p
Fe(expression)p Ff(\))8 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)20 b Fd(32)75 796 y Fs(M)75 854 y Fd(M)13 b(and)h(K)e(in)o
(teger)i(su\016xes)6 b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)18 b Fd(20)75
904 y(mac)o(hine)c(arc)o(hitecture,)h(output)s Fe(.)7
b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)16 b Fd(42)75 954 y(mac)o(hine)e(dep)q(endencies)g
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)23 b Fd(45)75 1004 y
Ff(MAX)t Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)16 b
Fd(25)75 1054 y Ff(MEMORY)9 b Fe(.)s(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(25)75 1103 y(memory)13 b(region)i(attributes)7 b
Fe(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(26)75 1153 y(memory)13 b(regions)i(and)e
(sections)5 b Fe(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(34)75 1203 y(memory)c(usage)7
b Fe(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(11)75 1253 y Ff(MIN)t Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)16
b Fd(25)75 1303 y(MIPS)d(em)o(b)q(edded)i(PIC)d(co)q(de)6
b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(11)75 1353 y(MRI)13 b(compatibili)q(t)o(y)5
b Fe(.)k(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b
Fd(55)75 1459 y Fs(N)75 1517 y Ff(NAME)11 b Fd(\(MRI\))g
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)23 b Fd(56)75 1567 y(names)6 b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(20)75 1617 y(naming)c(memory)e(regions)g Fe(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(25)75 1667 y(naming)15 b(output)e(sections)7
b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(27)75 1717 y(naming)15
b(the)e(output)h(\014le)d Fe(.)c(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(8,)12
b(42)75 1766 y(negativ)o(e)i(in)o(tegers)t Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)16 b Fd(20)75 1816 y Ff(NEXT\()p
Fe(exp)q Ff(\))t Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(24)75 1866 y(NMA)o(GIC)t
Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(7)75 1916 y Ff(NOCROSSREF)o(S)10
b(\()i Fe(sections)k Ff(\))8 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(42)75 1966 y Ff(NOFLOAT)7 b Fe(.)t(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b
Fd(41)75 2015 y Ff(NOLOAD)9 b Fe(.)s(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(33)75 2065 y Ff(Non)12 b(constant)d(expression)e
Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)23 b Fd(23)75 2172 y Fs(O)75 2230 y Ff(o)12
b(=)7 b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(26)75
2280 y Ff(objdump)10 b(-i)d Fe(.)e(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(47)75 2330 y(ob)r(ject)13
b(\014le)h(managemen)o(t)9 b Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)21
b Fd(47)75 2379 y(ob)r(ject)13 b(\014les)t Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)16
b Fd(3)75 2429 y(ob)r(ject)d(formats)g(a)o(v)n(ailable)t
Fe(.)c(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(47)75 2479 y(ob)r(ject)d(size)6
b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)18 b Fd(6)75 2529 y(o)q(ctal)c(in)o(tegers)6
b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(20)75 2579 y(OMA)o(GIC)s Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b
Fd(7)75 2628 y(op)q(ening)f(ob)r(ject)e(\014les)8 b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(47)75 2678 y(Op)q(erators)14
b(for)e(arithmetic)6 b Fe(.)j(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(21)75
2728 y(options)8 b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(3)75
2778 y Ff(ORDER)11 b Fd(\(MRI\))f Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(56)75 2828 y Ff(org)12
b(=)5 b Fe(.)g(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)17 b Fd(26)75 2878
y Ff(ORIGIN)10 b(=)g Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(26)1012 391 y
Ff(OUTPUT)11 b(\()h Fe(\014lename)17 b Ff(\))10 b Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(42)1012 441 y(output)14 b(\014le)g(after)f
(errors)8 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(11)1012
490 y(output)14 b(\014le)g(la)o(y)o(out)7 b Fe(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)20 b Fd(19)1012 540 y Ff(OUTPUT)p
1134 540 12 2 v 12 w(ARCH)11 b(\()i Fe(bfdname)j Ff(\))t
Fe(.)5 b(.)h(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(42)1012 590 y Ff(OUTPUT)p
1134 590 V 12 w(FORMAT)11 b(\()h Fe(bfdname)k Ff(\))10
b Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(42)1012 640 y Ff(OVERLAY)7 b Fe(.)t(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(34)1012 690 y(o)o(v)o(erla)o(ys)9 b Fe(.)f(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)22
b Fd(34)1012 791 y Fs(P)1012 849 y Fd(partial)15 b(link)c
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(8)1012 899 y(path)14 b(for)f(libraries)h
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)24
b Fd(42)1012 949 y Ff(PHDRS)8 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23
b Fd(35)1012 999 y(precedence)15 b(in)e(expressions)8
b Fe(.)h(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(21)1012 1049 y(prev)o(en)o(t)14
b(unnecessary)h(loading)e Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(33)1012 1098
y(program)14 b(headers)t Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)17 b Fd(35)1012 1148 y(program)d(headers)g(and)g(sections)6
b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)19 b Fd(34)1012 1198 y(pro)o(vide)5 b Fe(.)k(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(23)1012 1248 y Ff(PUBLIC)11 b Fd(\(MRI\))d Fe(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(56)1012
1354 y Fs(Q)1012 1412 y Ff(QUAD\()p Fe(expression)p Ff(\))8
b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(32)1012 1462 y(quoted)14 b(sym)o(b)q(ol)h(names)5
b Fe(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(20)1012 1564
y Fs(R)1012 1622 y Fd(read-only)c(text)10 b Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(7)1012
1672 y(read/write)14 b(from)f(cmd)g(line)f Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)23
b Fd(7)1012 1722 y(regions)15 b(of)e(memory)6 b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(25)1012 1771 y(relaxing)c(addressing)f
(mo)q(des)10 b Fe(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(11)1012 1821 y(relaxing)16
b(on)d(H8/300)8 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(45)1012 1871 y(relaxing)16 b(on)d(i960)e Fe(.)c(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(45)1012 1921 y(relo)q(catable)16
b(and)d(absolute)i(sym)o(b)q(ols)s Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(22)1012 1971 y(relo)q(catable)g
(output)8 b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(8)1012 2020 y(rep)q(orting)15 b(bugs)f(in)g Ff(ld)8
b Fe(.)d(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(51)1012
2070 y(requiremen)o(ts)15 b(for)e(BFD)e Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)24 b Fd(47)1012 2120 y(retaining)16 b(sp)q(eci\014ed)f(sym)o(b)q
(ols)t Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)17 b Fd(12)1012 2170 y(rounding)f(up)d(lo)q
(cation)i(coun)o(ter)d Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(23)1012 2220 y(run)o(time)14
b(library)h(name)9 b Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22
b Fd(6)1012 2269 y(run)o(time)14 b(library)h(searc)o(h)f(path)7
b Fe(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(12)1012 2371 y Fs(S)1012 2429 y Fd(scaled)15
b(in)o(tegers)6 b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(20)1012 2479 y(script)14 b(\014les)8
b Fe(.)g(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(8)1012 2529 y(searc)o(h)14 b(directory)m(,)g
(from)f(cmd)g(line)t Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(7)1012 2579 y(searc)o(h)d(path,)f
(libraries)h Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)24
b Fd(42)1012 2628 y Ff(SEARCH)p 1134 2628 V 12 w(DIR)12
b(\()g Fe(path)i Ff(\))6 b Fe(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(42)1012 2678 y Ff(SECT)12 b Fd(\(MRI\))f Fe(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24
b Fd(56)1012 2728 y(section)15 b(address)t Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17 b Fd(23,)c(32)1012 2778 y(section)i(alignmen)o
(t)6 b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(33)1012 2828 y(section)c(alignmen)o(t,)f(w)o(arnings)h(on)t
Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
17 b Fd(16)1012 2878 y(section)e(de\014nition)d Fe(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(27)p
eop
%%Page: 61 63
61 62 bop 75 149 a Fu(Index)1645 b(61)75 391 y Fd(section)14
b(defn,)f(full)h(syn)o(tax)t Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)16
b Fd(32)75 441 y(section)e(\014ll)h(pattern)8 b Fe(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(34)75 490 y(section)14
b(load)g(address)e Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23
b Fd(23)75 540 y(section)14 b(size)7 b Fe(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(24)75
590 y(section)14 b(start)6 b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(32)75 640 y(section,)14
b(assigning)i(to)c(memory)i(region)6 b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(34)75 690 y(section,)c(assigning)i(to)c
(program)i(header)7 b Fe(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20
b Fd(34)75 739 y Ff(SECTIONS)6 b Fe(.)s(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(26)75
789 y(segmen)o(t)13 b(origins,)i(cmd)e(line)8 b Fe(.)g(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(14)75 839 y(semicolon)s Fe(.)9 b(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(22)75
889 y(shared)e(libraries)7 b Fe(.)i(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(13)75 939 y Ff(SHORT\()p Fe(expression)p
Ff(\))6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(32)75 989 y Ff(SIZEOF\()p Fe(section)p Ff(\))8 b
Fe(.)t(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21
b Fd(24)75 1038 y Ff(sizeof)p 197 1038 12 2 v 12 w(headers)7
b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)22
b Fd(25)75 1088 y Ff(SIZEOF)p 197 1088 V 12 w(HEADERS)7
b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)22
b Fd(25)75 1138 y(sp)q(ecify)14 b(load)g(address)f Fe(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(33)75 1188
y Ff(SQUAD\()p Fe(expression)p Ff(\))6 b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19 b Fd(32)75 1238 y(standard)14 b(Unix)g(system)t
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(3)75
1287 y(start)d(address,)h(section)c Fe(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
22 b Fd(32)75 1337 y(start)13 b(of)g(execution)5 b Fe(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(37)75 1387 y
Ff(STARTUP)10 b(\()j Fe(\014lename)j Ff(\))9 b Fe(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(42)75 1437 y(strip)14 b(all)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)7
b Fe(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(8)75 1487 y(strip)14 b(debugger)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)f
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)23 b Fd(8)75 1537 y(stripping)15
b(all)g(but)e(some)g(sym)o(b)q(ols)6 b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(12)75
1586 y(su\016xes)c(for)f(in)o(tegers)c Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)21 b Fd(20)75 1636 y Fe(sym)o(b)q(ol)16 b
Ff(=)c Fe(expression)j Ff(;)10 b Fe(.)c(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23
b Fd(31)75 1686 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)14 b(defaults)t Fe(.)8
b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)17
b Fd(24)75 1736 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)d(de\014nition,)i(scripts)11
b Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23 b Fd(22)75 1786 y Fe(sym)o(b)q(ol)16
b(f)7 b Ff(=)12 b Fe(expression)j Ff(;)9 b Fe(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
22 b Fd(31)75 1835 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)14 b(names)9 b Fe(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(20)75
1885 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)14 b(tracing)t Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)16 b Fd(9)75 1935 y(sym)o(b)q(ol)e(v)o
(ersions)t Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
16 b Fd(38)75 1985 y(sym)o(b)q(ol-only)g(input)11 b Fe(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(8)1012
391 y(sym)o(b)q(ols,)15 b(from)d(command)i(line)5 b Fe(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(10)1012 441 y(sym)o(b)q(ols,)c(relo)q(catable)g(and)f(absolute)6
b Fe(.)i(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)19
b Fd(22)1012 490 y(sym)o(b)q(ols,)c(retaining)g(selectiv)o(ely)e
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)24 b Fd(12)1012 540 y(syn)o(thesizing)16 b(link)o(er)6
b Fe(.)j(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)20 b
Fd(11)1012 590 y(syn)o(thesizing)c(on)e(H8/300)7 b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)20 b Fd(45)1012 698 y Fs(T)1012 756 y Ff(TARGET)11
b(\()h Fe(format)i Ff(\))7 b Fe(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)20 b Fd(42)1012 806 y(traditional)c(format)11 b Fe(.)6
b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)24 b Fd(13)1012
909 y Fs(U)1012 967 y Fd(unallo)q(cated)16 b(address,)e(next)7
b Fe(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(24)1012 1017 y(unde\014ned)15
b(sym)o(b)q(ol)7 b Fe(.)h(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)20 b Fd(8)1012 1067 y(unde\014ned)15 b(sym)o(b)q(ols,)g(w)o
(arnings)f(on)5 b Fe(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)h(.)f(.)18 b Fd(16)1012 1117 y(uninitia)q(li)q(zed)e(data)6
b Fe(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)19
b Fd(29)1012 1166 y(unsp)q(eci\014ed)d(memory)s Fe(.)7
b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)16 b Fd(32)1012
1216 y(usage)t Fe(.)8 b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(11)1012
1319 y Fs(V)1012 1378 y Fd(v)n(ariables,)d(de\014ning)e
Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)23 b
Fd(22)1012 1427 y(v)o(erb)q(ose)5 b Fe(.)i(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18
b Fd(14)1012 1477 y(v)o(ersion)12 b Fe(.)6 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)23
b Fd(9)1012 1527 y Ff(VERSION)10 b({script)h(text})5
b Fe(.)t(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)18 b Fd(38)1012 1577 y(v)o(ersion)d(script)
6 b Fe(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
20 b Fd(38)1012 1627 y(v)o(ersion)15 b(script,)e(sym)o(b)q(ol)i(v)o
(ersions)8 b Fe(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)g(.)21 b Fd(14)1012 1676 y(v)o(ersions)15 b(of)e(sym)o(b)q(ols)8
b Fe(.)g(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)22 b Fd(38)1012
1780 y Fs(W)1012 1838 y Fd(w)o(arnings,)14 b(on)g(com)o(bining)h(sym)o
(b)q(ols)9 b Fe(.)f(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)22 b Fd(14)1012 1888 y(w)o(arnings,)14 b(on)g(section)g(alignmen)o
(t)t Fe(.)9 b(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)h(.)17 b Fd(16)1012 1937 y(w)o(arnings,)d(on)g(unde\014ned)h(sym)o
(b)q(ols)5 b Fe(.)j(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h
(.)f(.)18 b Fd(16)1012 1987 y(what)13 b(is)h(this?)t
Fe(.)7 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)17 b Fd(1)p eop
%%Page: 62 64
62 63 bop 75 149 a Fu(62)1227 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
643 1144 y(The)h(b)q(o)q(dy)g(of)e(this)i(man)o(ual)f(is)h(set)f(in)799
1199 y(cmr10)g(at)f(10.95pt,)631 1253 y(with)i(headings)g(in)g
Fg(cm)o(b10)e(at)h(10.95pt)597 1308 y Fu(and)h(examples)g(in)g
Ft(cmtt10)23 b(at)g(10.95pt)p Fu(.)754 1363 y Fr(cmti10)17
b(at)f(10.95pt)21 b Fu(and)799 1418 y Fn(cmsl10)15 b(at)g(10.95pt)754
1472 y Fu(are)g(used)h(for)e(emphasis.)p eop
%%Page: -1 65
-1 64 bop 1862 149 a Fu(i)75 391 y Fp(T)-7 b(able)27
b(of)f(Con)n(ten)n(ts)75 557 y Fs(1)67 b(Ov)n(erview)8
b Fa(.)j(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)30
b Fs(1)75 689 y(2)67 b(In)n(v)n(o)r(cation)7 b Fa(.)12
b(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)30
b Fs(3)224 758 y Fu(2.1)45 b(Command)15 b(Line)h(Options)g
Fr(.)7 b(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)29
b Fu(3)224 813 y(2.2)45 b(En)o(vironmen)o(t)15 b(V)l(ariables)t
Fr(.)9 b(.)f(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)19
b Fu(17)75 932 y Fs(3)67 b(Command)22 b(Language)14 b
Fa(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38 b Fs(19)224 1000 y Fu(3.1)45 b(Link)o(er)16
b(Scripts)6 b Fr(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)21 b Fu(19)224
1055 y(3.2)45 b(Expressions)8 b Fr(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)23
b Fu(19)374 1110 y(3.2.1)44 b(In)o(tegers)7 b Fr(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)22
b Fu(20)374 1165 y(3.2.2)44 b(Sym)o(b)q(ol)16 b(Names)c
Fr(.)c(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)28
b Fu(20)374 1219 y(3.2.3)44 b(The)15 b(Lo)q(cation)h(Coun)o(ter)e
Fr(.)7 b(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)30 b Fu(20)374 1274 y(3.2.4)44
b(Op)q(erators)7 b Fr(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)23 b Fu(21)374 1329 y(3.2.5)44
b(Ev)m(aluation)11 b Fr(.)d(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)26 b Fu(21)374 1384 y(3.2.6)44
b(Assignmen)o(t:)20 b(De\014ning)c(Sym)o(b)q(ols)6 b
Fr(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)21 b Fu(22)374 1439 y(3.2.7)44 b(Arithmetic)16 b(F)l(unctions)e
Fr(.)7 b(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)28 b Fu(23)374 1493
y(3.2.8)44 b(Semicolons)9 b Fr(.)g(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)24 b Fu(25)224 1548 y(3.3)45
b(Memory)14 b(La)o(y)o(out)8 b Fr(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)23
b Fu(25)224 1603 y(3.4)45 b(Sp)q(ecifying)17 b(Output)f(Sections)f
Fr(.)8 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)29 b
Fu(26)374 1658 y(3.4.1)44 b(Section)16 b(De\014nitions)6
b Fr(.)j(.)e(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)21 b
Fu(27)374 1713 y(3.4.2)44 b(Section)16 b(Placemen)o(t)10
b Fr(.)e(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)25 b
Fu(28)374 1767 y(3.4.3)44 b(Section)16 b(Data)e(Expressions)5
b Fr(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)20 b Fu(30)374 1822 y(3.4.4)44
b(Optional)16 b(Section)g(A)o(ttributes)d Fr(.)8 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)28
b Fu(32)374 1877 y(3.4.5)44 b(Ov)o(erla)o(ys)10 b Fr(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)25
b Fu(34)224 1932 y(3.5)45 b(ELF)15 b(Program)f(Headers)6
b Fr(.)i(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)22
b Fu(35)224 1986 y(3.6)45 b(The)15 b(En)o(try)g(P)o(oin)o(t)d
Fr(.)c(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f
(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)28 b Fu(37)224 2041 y(3.7)45 b(V)l(ersion)16
b(Script)5 b Fr(.)j(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)20 b Fu(38)224
2096 y(3.8)45 b(Option)16 b(Commands)11 b Fr(.)c(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)26
b Fu(40)75 2215 y Fs(4)67 b(Mac)n(hine)23 b(Dep)r(enden)n(t)f(F)-6
b(eatures)11 b Fa(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)34 b Fs(45)224 2284 y Fu(4.1)45 b Ft(ld)15 b Fu(and)g(the)h(H8/300)
11 b Fr(.)5 b(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)26 b Fu(45)224 2338 y(4.2)45 b Ft(ld)15
b Fu(and)g(the)h(In)o(tel)g(960)e(family)h Fr(.)7 b(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)29 b Fu(45)75 2457 y Fs(5)67 b(BFD)11
b Fa(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)
h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g
(.)g(.)h(.)34 b Fs(47)224 2526 y Fu(5.1)45 b(Ho)o(w)15
b(it)g(w)o(orks:)k(an)c(outline)h(of)f(BFD)10 b Fr(.)d(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)25 b Fu(47)374 2581 y(5.1.1)44 b(Information)15 b(Loss)e
Fr(.)8 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)
f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)29
b Fu(47)374 2635 y(5.1.2)44 b(The)15 b(BFD)g(canonical)h(ob)s
(ject-\014le)g(format)11 b Fr(.)d(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)g
(.)27 b Fu(48)75 2754 y Fs(6)67 b(Rep)r(orting)23 b(Bugs)6
b Fa(.)k(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)
g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)29 b Fs(51)224
2823 y Fu(6.1)45 b(Ha)o(v)o(e)15 b(y)o(ou)f(found)i(a)f(bug?)e
Fr(.)8 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)28
b Fu(51)224 2878 y(6.2)45 b(Ho)o(w)15 b(to)f(rep)q(ort)h(bugs)5
b Fr(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)
h(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h
(.)f(.)h(.)20 b Fu(51)p eop
%%Page: -2 66
-2 65 bop 75 149 a Fu(ii)1249 b(Using)16 b(LD,)e(the)i(GNU)f(link)o(er)
75 249 y Fs(App)r(endix)24 b(A)67 b(MRI)23 b(Compatible)g(Script)h
(Files)d Fa(.)10 b(.)g(.)43 b Fs(55)75 384 y(Index)19
b Fa(.)11 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f
(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)
f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)41 b Fs(57)p eop
%%Trailer
end
userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
%%EOF
|